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Richter 19

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1 Zu der Zeit war kein König in Israel. Und ein levitischer Mann war Fremdling an der Seite des Gebirges Ephraim und hatte sich ein Kebsweib genommen von Bethlehem-Juda.

2 Und da sie hatte neben ihm gehurt, lief sie von ihm zu ihres Vaters Haus gen Bethlehem-Juda und war daselbst vier Monate lang.

3 Und ihr Mann machte sich auf und zog ihr nach, daß er freundlich mit ihr redete und sie wieder zu sich holte; und hatte einen Knecht und ein Paar Esel mit sich. Und sie führte ihn in ihres Vaters Haus. Da ihn aber der Vater der Dirne sah, ward er froh und empfing ihn.

4 Und sein Schwiegervater, der Dirne Vater, hielt ihn, daß er drei Tage bei ihm blieb; sie aßen und tranken und blieben des Nachts da.

5 Des vierten Tages erhoben sie sich des Morgens früh, und er machte sich auf und wollte ziehen. Da sprach der Dirne Vater zu seinem Eidam: Labe dein Herz zuvor mit einem Bissen Brot, darnach sollt ihr ziehen.

6 Und sie setzten sich und aßen beide miteinander und tranken. Da sprach der Dirne Vater zu dem Mann: Bleib doch über Nacht und laß dein Herz guter Dinge sein.

7 Da aber der Mann aufstand und wollte ziehen, nötigte ihn sein Schwiegervater, daß er über Nacht dablieb.

8 Des Morgens am fünften Tage machte er sich früh auf und wollte ziehen. Da sprach der Dirne Vater: Labe doch dein Herz und laß uns verziehen, bis sich der Tag neigt. Und aßen also die beiden miteinander.

9 Und der Mann machte sich auf und wollte ziehen mit seinem Kebsweib und mit seinem Knechte. Aber sein Schwiegervater, der Dirne Vater, sprach zu ihm: Siehe, der Tag hat sich geneigt, und es will Abend werden; bleib über Nacht. Siehe, hier ist Herberge noch diesen Tag; bleibe hier über Nacht und laß dein Herz guter Dinge sein. Morgen steht ihr früh auf und zieht eures Weges zu deiner Hütte.

10 Aber der Mann wollte nicht über Nacht bleiben, sondern machte sich auf und zog hin und kam bis vor Jebus, das ist Jerusalem, und sein Paar Esel beladen und sein Kebsweib mit ihm.

11 Da sie nun nahe bei Jebus kamen, sank der Tag sehr dahin. Und der Knecht sprach zu seinem Herrn: Komm doch und laß uns in diese Stadt der Jebusiter einkehren und über Nacht darin bleiben.

12 Aber sein Herr sprach zu ihm: Wir wollen nicht in der Fremden Stadt einkehren, die nicht sind von den Kindern Israel, sondern wollen hinüber gen Gibea.

13 Und sprach zu seinem Knecht: Gehe weiter, daß wir hinzukommen an einen Ort und über Nacht zu Gibea oder zu Rama bleiben.

14 Und sie zogen weiter und wandelten, und die Sonne ging ihnen unter, hart bei Gibea, das liegt in Benjamin.

15 Und sie kehrten daselbst ein, daß sie hineinkämen und über Nacht zu Gibea blieben. Da er aber hineinkam, setzte er sich in der Stadt Gasse; denn es war niemand, der sie bei Nacht im Hause herbergen wollte.

16 Und siehe, da kam ein alter Mann von seiner Arbeit vom Felde am Abend, und er war auch vom Gebirge Ephraim und ein Fremdling zu Gibea; aber die Leute des Orts waren Benjaminiter.

17 Und da er seine Augen aufhob und sah den Gast auf der Gasse, sprach er zu ihm: Wo willst du hin? und wo kommst du her?

18 Er aber antwortete ihm: Wir reisen von Bethlehem-Juda, bis wir kommen an die Seite des Gebirges Ephraim, daher ich bin; und bin gen Bethlehem-Juda gezogen und ziehe jetzt zum Hause des HERRN, und niemand will mich beherbergen.

19 Wir haben Stroh und Futter für unsre Esel und Brot und Wein für mich und deine Magd und für den Knecht, der mit deinem Diener ist, daß uns nichts gebricht.

20 Der alte Mann sprach: Friede sei mit dir! Alles was dir mangelt findest du bei mir; bleibe nur nicht über Nacht auf der Gasse.

21 Und führte ihn in sein Haus und gab den Eseln Futter, und sie wuschen ihre Füße und aßen und tranken.

22 Und da ihr Herz nun guter Dinge war, siehe, da kamen die Leute der Stadt, böse Buben, und umgaben das Haus und pochten an die Tür und sprachen zu dem alten Mann, dem Hauswirt: Bringe den Mann heraus, der in dein Haus gekommen ist, daß wir ihn erkennen.

23 Aber der Mann, der Hauswirt, ging zu ihnen heraus und sprach zu ihnen: Nicht, meine Brüder, tut nicht so übel; nachdem dieser Mann in mein Haus gekommen ist, tut nicht eine solche Torheit!

24 Siehe, ich habe eine Tochter, noch eine Jungfrau, und dieser ein Kebsweib; die will ich herausbringen. Die mögt ihr zu Schanden machen, und tut mit ihr, was euch gefällt; aber an diesen Mann tut nicht solche Torheit.

25 Aber die Leute wollten ihm nicht gehorchen. Da faßte der Mann sein Kebsweib und brachte sie zu ihnen hinaus. Die erkannten sie und trieben ihren Mutwillen an ihr die ganze Nacht bis an den Morgen; und da die Morgenröte anbrach, ließen sie sie gehen.

26 Da kam das Weib hart vor morgens und fiel nieder vor der Tür am Hause des Mannes, darin ihr Herr war, und lag da, bis es licht ward.

27 Da nun ihr Herr des Morgens aufstand und die Tür auftat am Hause und herausging, daß er seines Weges zöge, siehe, da lag sein Kebsweib vor der Tür des Hauses und ihre Hände auf der Schwelle.

28 Er aber sprach zu ihr: Stehe auf, laß uns ziehen! Aber sie antwortete nicht. Da nahm er sie auf den Esel, machte sich auf und zog an seinen Ort.

29 Als er nun heimkam, nahm er ein Messer und faßte sein Kebsweib und zerstückte sie mit Gebein und mit allem in zwölf Stücke und sandte sie in alle Grenzen Israels.

30 Wer das sah, der sprach: Solches ist nicht geschehen noch gesehen, seit der Zeit die Kinder Israel aus Ägyptenland gezogen sind, bis auf diesen Tag. Nun bedenkt euch über dem, gebt Rat und sagt an!

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 19

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

The Levite’s Concubine and the Crime of Gibeah

In many ways the events in this chapter show the further deterioration of the spiritual condition of the people of Israel. It's a terrible story, much like the story of Sodom, much earlier in the Book of Genesis. It ends with some men of Gibeah – a town of Israel – seeking to have sex with a man who is a guest of one of the men of the city. This does not happen; they are instead diverted into an all-night rape of the man’s concubine, so that she is lifeless when he retrieves her body in the morning. He then cuts her up into twelve pieces and sends these throughout the whole territory of Israel.

As we have been saying, these last few chapters of the Book of Judges show clearly that once evil takes hold of a person – even a community or a country – and goes unchecked, and there is no indication of any desire to stop it or to turn from it, it will expand and poison the whole ‘body’. Then there is no distinction between what is good and evil, or between what is true and what is false, and there is no longer any active conscience left to check thoughts, desires and actions. (Arcana Caelestia 977)

The story begins… A Levite, a priest of Israel, takes a concubine from Bethlehem in Judah, but she takes part in prostitution and leaves the priest and goes to her father’s house in Bethlehem. The Levite goes to talk kindly with her, and she takes him into her father’s house where he is made welcome by her father.

The spiritual meaning of this is about a fairly mild situation of disorder and wrong which will form the beginning of all that is to happen. The Levite has a concubine. The concubine takes part in prostitution. The father’s fault seems to be that he keeps delaying the Levite’s departure. Every person lives with their own natures which produce mild disorders which can in fact become useful to us during regeneration. But allowed or left to stay unchecked, these disorders can begin to take hold. (Arcana Caelestia 8407)

The Levite keeps intending to leave, but several times the father of the concubine begs him to stay another night and detains him. Three days there becomes four, another night is spent, and on the fifth day the father urges the Levite to stay and eat and spend another night and go away early the next day. This time the Levite refuses and they leave and get to the town of Jebus, a Canaanite town which will eventually become Jerusalem.

The spiritual meaning of these delays before leaving lies in the danger of not turning away from something which is beginning to hold us and become our new normality. The father is very persuasive, but he is the father of a concubine who prostitutes herself. The Levite senses something is not right, and he insists he will leave. (Divine Providence 329)

The Levite’s servant asks for them to stay in Jebus, but the Levite refuses to stay in a foreign city and says they will go on to Gibeah or Ramah. They come to Gibeah and stay in the square as no one will take them in. An old man passes by and offers to take them into his house, and they go with him.

The spiritual point of this refusal to stay in the foreign city of Jebus but to go on to Gibeah, a city in Israel, is to bring out for us a sense of the abhorrence of what is about to happen there, and the extent of the wrong in Israel. (Apocalypse Revealed 158)

Some men of Gibeah beat on the door demanding that the man staying there come out so that they can sexually abuse him. The old man refuses but offers them his virgin daughter and the visitor’s concubine, but the men refuse. The Levite takes the concubine out of the house to the men and they rape her all night until morning.

The spiritual meaning for us of this story of the men of Gibeah and the concubine stems from the fact that no one in the entire story is blameless, apart from the virgin daughter of the old man. Everyone else is culpable. Spiritually, this reminds us that we are potentially capable of thinking about and even wanting to commit every evil and that regeneration – shunning all evils as sins against God and living in careful obedience to the Word – is the guard against this. (Divine Providence 296)

Abused and left, the concubine falls at the door of the house. In the morning the Levite sees her, bids her get ready to leave, then realises she is dead. He puts her on his donkey and goes to his house. He takes a knife and cuts the concubine into twelve pieces and sends these throughout the whole of Israel. And all who see say that no such thing has been seen since Israel came out of Egypt and end saying, ‘Consider it. Confer. Speak up!’

The spiritual meaning for us in dividing the concubine’s body in twelve parts and distributing them throughout all Israel is to do with our need to examine ourselves and see where our evils lie within us, often hidden and unknown. This is to be done in view of our actions, words, thoughts, intentions and what we might do if there were no penalty. (Divine Providence 149, 152, 278)

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Mark 4

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1 Again he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea, and sat down. All the multitude were on the land by the sea.

2 He taught them many things in parables, and told them in his teaching,

3 "Listen! Behold, the farmer went out to sow,

4 and it happened, as he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.

5 Others fell on the rocky ground, where it had little soil, and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of soil.

6 When the sun had risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.

7 Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.

8 Others fell into the good ground, and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some brought forth thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times as much."

9 He said, "Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear."

10 When he was alone, those who were around him with the twelve asked him about the parables.

11 He said to them, "To you is given the mystery of the Kingdom of God, but to those who are outside, all things are done in parables,

12 that 'seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest perhaps they should turn again, and their sins should be forgiven them.'"

13 He said to them, "Don't you understand this parable? How will you understand all of the parables?

14 The farmer sows the word.

15 The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes, and takes away the word which has been sown in them.

16 These in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with joy.

17 They have no root in themselves, but are short-lived. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately they stumble.

18 Others are those who are sown among the thorns. These are those who have heard the word,

19 and the cares of this age, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.

20 Those which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, and accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times."

21 He said to them, "Is the lamp brought to be put under a basket or under a bed? Isn't it put on a stand?

22 For there is nothing hidden, except that it should be made known; neither was anything made secret, but that it should come to light.

23 If any man has ears to hear, let him hear."

24 He said to them, "Take heed what you hear. With whatever measure you measure, it will be measured to you, and more will be given to you who hear.

25 For whoever has, to him will more be given, and he who doesn't have, even that which he has will be taken away from him."

26 He said, "The Kingdom of God is as if a man should cast seed on the earth,

27 and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, he doesn't know how.

28 For the earth bears fruit: first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear.

29 But when the fruit is ripe, immediately he puts forth the sickle, because the harvest has come."

30 He said, "How will we liken the Kingdom of God? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?

31 It's like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,

32 yet when it is sown, grows up, and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow."

33 With many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.

34 Without a parable he didn't speak to them; but privately to his own disciples he explained everything.

35 On that day, when evening had come, he said to them, "Let's go over to the other side."

36 Leaving the multitude, they took him with them, even as he was, in the boat. Other small boats were also with him.

37 A big wind storm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so much that the boat was already filled.

38 He himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion, and they woke him up, and told him, "Teacher, don't you care that we are dying?"

39 He awoke, and rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, "Peace! Be still!" The wind ceased, and there was a great calm.

40 He said to them, "Why are you so afraid? How is it that you have no faith?"

41 They were greatly afraid, and said to one another, "Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?"