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3 Mose 22

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1 Und Jehova redete zu Mose und sprach:

2 Rede zu Aaron und zu seinen Söhnen, daß sie sich enthalten von den heiligen Dingen der Kinder Israel, die sie mir heiligen, und meinen heiligen Namen nicht entweihen. Ich bin Jehova.

3 Sprich zu ihnen: Wer irgend von all eurem Samen, bei euren Geschlechtern, sich den heiligen Dingen naht, welche die Kinder Israel Jehova heiligen, und seine Unreinigkeit ist an ihm, selbige Seele soll ausgerottet werden vor meinem Angesicht hinweg. Ich bin Jehova.

4 Jedermann vom Samen Aarons, der aussätzig oder flüssig ist, soll nicht von den heiligen Dingen essen, bis er rein ist. Und wer irgend einen anrührt, der durch eine Leiche verunreinigt ist, oder jemanden, dem der Samenerguß entgeht;

5 oder wer irgend ein kriechendes Tier anrührt, durch welches er unrein wird, oder einen Menschen, durch den er unrein wird nach irgend welcher Unreinigkeit, die er hat:

6 Einer, der solches anrührt, der wird unrein sein bis an den Abend; und er soll nicht von den heiligen Dingen essen, sondern soll sein Fleisch im Wasser baden;

7 und ist die Sonne untergegangen, so ist er rein; und danach darf er von den heiligen Dingen essen, denn es ist sein Brot.

8 Aas und Zerrissenes soll er nicht essen, daß er sich dadurch verunreinige. Ich bin Jehova.

9 Und sie sollen meine Vorschriften beobachten, damit sie nicht deswegen Sünde auf sich laden und dadurch sterben, weil sie es entweihen. Ich bin Jehova, der sie heiligt.

10 Und kein Fremder soll Heiliges essen; der Beisasse und der Tagelöhner eines Priesters sollen Heiliges nicht essen.

11 Wenn aber ein Priester eine Seele für Geld kauft, so darf diese davon essen; und seine Hausgeborenen, sie dürfen von seinem Brote essen.

12 Und wenn die Tochter eines Priesters das Weib eines fremden Mannes wird, so soll sie nicht von dem Hebopfer der heiligen Dinge essen.

13 Und wenn die Tochter eines Priesters Witwe oder verstoßen wird, und keine Kinder hat und in das Haus ihres Vaters zurückkehrt, wie in ihrer Jugend, so darf sie von dem Brote ihres Vaters essen. Aber kein Fremder soll davon essen.

14 Und wenn jemand aus Versehen Heiliges isset, so soll er das Fünftel davon hinzufügen und dem Priester das Heilige erstatten.

15 Und man soll die heiligen Dinge der Kinder Israel nicht entweihen, die sie dem Jehova heben,

16 und ihnen so die Ungerechtigkeit einer Schuld aufladen, wenn sie ihre heiligen Dinge essen; denn ich bin Jehova, der sie heiligt.

17 Und Jehova redete zu Mose und sprach:

18 Rede zu Aaron und zu seinen Söhnen und zu allen Kindern Israel und sprich zu ihnen: Jedermann vom Hause Israel und von den Fremdlingen in Israel, der seine Opfergabe darbringt, nach allen ihren Gelübden und nach allen ihren freiwilligen Gaben, welche sie Jehova als Brandopfer darbringen, -

19 zum Wohlgefallen für euch soll es sein, ohne Fehl, männlich, von den Rindern, von den Schafen oder von den Ziegen.

20 Alles, woran ein Gebrechen ist, sollt ihr nicht darbringen, denn es wird nicht zum Wohlgefallen für euch sein.

21 Und wenn jemand dem Jehova ein Friedensopfer darbringt, um ein Gelübde zu erfüllen, oder als freiwillige Gabe vom Rind-oder Kleinvieh: ohne Fehl soll es sein, zum Wohlgefallen; keinerlei Gebrechen soll an ihm sein.

22 Ein blindes oder verletztes oder verstümmeltes Tier, oder eines, das Geschwüre oder die Krätze oder die Flechte hat, diese sollt ihr Jehova nicht darbringen, und sollt Jehova keine Feueropfer davon auf den Altar geben.

23 Und ein Stück Rind-oder Kleinvieh, an welchem ein Glied zu lang oder zu kurz ist, das magst du als freiwillige Gabe opfern; aber zu einem Gelübde wird es nicht wohlgefällig sein.

24 Und dem die Hoden zerquetscht oder zerstoßen oder ausgerissen oder ausgeschnitten sind, sollt ihr Jehova nicht darbringen; und in eurem Lande sollt ihr dergleichen nicht tun.

25 Und aus der Hand eines Fremden sollt ihr das Brot eures Gottes aus allen diesen nicht darbringen; denn ihr Verderben ist an ihnen, ein Gebrechen ist an ihnen; sie werden nicht wohlgefällig für euch sein.

26 Und Jehova redete zu Mose und sprach:

27 Wenn ein Rind oder ein Schaf oder eine Ziege geboren wird, so soll es sieben Tage unter seiner Mutter sein; und vom achten Tage an und weiterhin wird es wohlgefällig sein zur Opfergabe eines Feueropfers dem Jehova. -

28 Und ein Stück Rind-oder Kleinvieh, es selbst und sein Junges, sollt ihr nicht schlachten an einem Tage.

29 Und wenn ihr dem Jehova ein Dankopfer opfert, so sollt ihr es zum Wohlgefallen für euch opfern:

30 An demselben Tage soll es gegessen werden; ihr sollt nichts davon übriglassen bis an den Morgen. Ich bin Jehova.

31 Und ihr sollt meine Gebote beobachten und sie tun. Ich bin Jehova.

32 Und ihr sollt meinen heiligen Namen nicht entweihen, damit ich geheiligt werde in der Mitte der Kinder Israel.

33 Ich bin Jehova, der euch heiligt, der euch aus dem Lande Ägypten herausgeführt hat, um euer Gott zu sein. Ich bin Jehova.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 3693

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3693. 'And spent the night there because the sun had gone down' means life enveloped in obscurity. This is clear from the meaning of 'the night' as a state of shade, dealt with in 1712, so that 'spending the night' is living within that state; and from the meaning of 'the sun going down' as being in obscurity, for at sundown it is evening, which means obscurity' see 3056. The obscurity meant here is obscurity of intelligence as regards truth, and obscurity of wisdom as regards good, for the light which angels receive from the Lord holds intelligence and wisdom within it, and also has its origin in these, 1521, 1524, 1529, 1530, 3138, 3167, 3195, 3339, 3341, 3636, 3637, 3643. To the extent therefore that the light is with them so also is intelligence and wisdom, but to the extent that the light is not with them, and so shade instead, neither is intelligence or wisdom, 2776, 3190, 3337. This is why something that comes to be understood is said in everyday language to have light shed upon it. People do not know the origin of this use of words, and so they believe the usage to be no more than a comparison. In addition to this one there are many other expressions used by a person which spring from a perception of such things as exist in the next life where he is as to his spirit. Those things have entered into his vocabulary because they have been acknowledged interiorly yet have become hidden from view through things of the body which are such that they blot out the matters of perception among which his interior man exists.

[2] 'Sundown' in the Word means the falsity and evil in which those people are immersed with whom no charity or faith is present, and so means the last period of the Church - see 1837. Also it means obscurity as regards things that belong to good and truth, the kind of obscurity which envelops people who are in a degree more remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine - see 3691. For 'sundown' or 'the sun went down' means these things, as becomes clear from the following places in the Word: In Micah,

It will be night for you instead of vision, and darkness for you instead of divination; and the sun will go down over the prophets, and the day will become black over them. Micah 3:6.

'The sun will go down over the prophets' stands for their not possessing truth and an understanding of it any longer - 'the prophets' standing for people who teach the truths of doctrine, 2534. In Amos,

It will happen on that day, that I will make the sun go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in broad daylight; and I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation. Amos 8:9-10.

'Making the sun go down at noon' stands for obscurity as regards truth with people who possess cognitions of good and truth - 'noon' being a state of light or of cognitions of truth, see 1458, 3195.

[3] In Isaiah,

Your sun will no longer go down, and your moon will not be withdrawn, for Jehovah will be to you an everlasting light. Isaiah 60:20.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom. 'The sun will no longer go down' stands for those who will be provided with the life of good and with wisdom because the Lord's celestial love and light will be with them. 'The moon will not be withdrawn' stands for those who will be provided with the life of truth and with intelligence because the Lord's spiritual love and light will be with them. For in the next life the Lord is to celestial angels a sun, and to spiritual a moon, and from that sun and moon they receive wisdom and intelligence, see 1053, 1521, 1529-1531, 2441, 2495, 3636, 3643. From this it is evident what is meant in the internal sense of the Word by 'sunrise' and 'sundown'.

[4] In David,

O Jehovah my God, You are very great! You are clothed with glory and honour - He who covers Himself with light as with a garment, [who] stretches out the heavens like a curtain, [Who] made the moon for established festivals - the sun knows its going down. You dispose the darkness, and it becomes night. Psalms 104:1-2, 19-20,

Here similarly 'the moon' stands for intelligence, and 'the sun' for wisdom from the Lord, while 'sundown' stands for obscurity in both. 'Disposing the darkness so that it becomes night' stands for lessening the state of obscurity. For angels experience changes of state, ranging from a great profusion of light to a smaller amount of light, or from a great profusion of wisdom to a smaller amount of wisdom, and those changes of state are like morning, when the sun rises, noon when at its highest point, evening when it goes down, and then morning once again, as will in the Lord's Divine mercy be stated elsewhere.

[5] In Joshua,

From the wilderness and Lebanon as far as the great river, the River Euphrates all the land of the Hittites, and as far as the Great Sea, the going down of the sun, will be your boundary. Joshua 1:4.

This is describing the full extent of the land of Canaan, which in the internal sense is the Lord's kingdom, see 1607, 3038, 3481. 'The River Euphrates' is one boundary of this, that is to say, of spiritual and celestial things, 1866, while 'the Great Sea' and 'the going down of the sun' are the other boundary, by which their furthest limit - which is obscurity compared with all else - is represented. For all the boundaries and all the places in that land have a representation, see 1585.

[6] In Moses,

If you take your neighbour's clothing as a pledge you shall restore it to him before the sun goes down; for this is his only covering; it is his clothing for his skin, in which he will lie down. Exodus 22:26-27.

And elsewhere in the same author,

If the man is poor you shall not lie down upon his pledge; you shall surely restore the pledge to him before the sun goes down, and let him lie on his own clothing and bless you; and it shall be righteousness to you before Jehovah your God. Deuteronomy 24:12-13.

This law, like every other, holds within it that which is a representative and a meaningful sign of Divine Law, which has to do with that which is good and true in the Lord's kingdom; and, as every detail shows, that which is held within it is also the origin of it. The goodness and truth held within it and from which the law springs is the precept that companions are not to be cheated out of external truths, which consist both in the matters of doctrine on which they base their lives and in their religious practices - 'clothing' meaning such truths, see 297, 1073, 2576, and the requirement to restore it [to the one who is poor] before the sun went down meaning before truth present with him perished. And since that truth is external it is said that that clothing is for his skin, in which he will lie down.

[7] In the same author,

The soul which has touched anything unclean shall be unclean until the evening and shall not eat any of the holy things; but when he has bathed his flesh with water, and the sun has gone down, he will be clean; and afterwards he shall eat from the holy things. Leviticus 22:6-7.

And elsewhere in the same author,

The person who is not clean - towards evening he shall bathe himself with water; and when the sun goes down he shall enter the midst of the camp. Deuteronomy 23:10-11.

This law also, it is clear, has its origin in the laws of good and truth, or the laws of order, existing in the Lord's kingdom, for why else would it have been commanded that the unclean person was to wait until evening when he was to bathe himself with water, and after the sun had gone down would be clean? The law of order existing in the Lord's kingdom from which the law stated above derives is this: When good and angelic spirits sink into a state of self-love and consequently into a state of falsity, they are returned for a brief while into their own natural or lower state and there they are equipped with cognitions of good and truth that relate to that matter. This is what is meant by 'bathing themselves with water in the evening', for 'bathing oneself with water' means being purified from falsities, see 3147, 3148, and 'water' means cognitions of truth, 28, 680, 739, 2702, 3058. And after being in that state of obscurity meant by 'sundown' they return to their previous state, meant by their then being clean and entering into the midst of the camp. This matter will in the Lord's Divine mercy be described from experience elsewhere. From all these places that have been quoted it is evident that 'sundown' in the Word means a state of obscurity as regards truth in the case of those who are good and a state of falsity in the case of those who are evil.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 2329

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2329. 'He said, Behold now, my Lords' means interior acknowledgement and confession of the Lord's Divine Human and His Holy proceeding. This is clear from the acknowledgement and humiliation already referred to just above. Confession follows immediately after them here, for confession is meant by his saying, 'Behold now, my Lords'. Interior confession belongs to the heart, and manifests itself in humiliation and at the same time in the affection for good, whereas exterior confession belongs to the lips, which may manifest itself in a spurious humiliation and a spurious affection for good which is none at all, as with people who confess the Lord for the sake of their own reputation or rather worship of self, and for the sake of their own material gain. What these people confess with the lips they deny in the heart.

[2] The plural 'my Lords' is used for the same reason that 'three men' are spoken of in the previous chapter. For just as the three there mean the Divine itself, the Divine Human, and the Holy proceeding, so the two mentioned here mean the Lord's Divine Human and His Holy proceeding, as stated above. That these make one is well known to anyone inside the Church, and because they make one they are also referred to in the singular further on,

So it was, when they had brought them outside, that he said, Escape for your life. Verse 17.

Behold now, your servant has found grace in your eyes, and you have magnified your mercy which you have shown to me. Verse 19.

And he said to him, Behold, I have accepted you as regards this matter also, that I will not overthrow the city. Verse 21.

For I cannot do anything until you come to it. Verse 22.

[3] That the Divine itself, the Divine Human, and the Holy proceeding are Jehovah is clear from the previous chapter, where in various places the three men are called Jehovah, namely,

Jehovah said to Abraham. Verse 13.

Will anything be too wonderful for Jehovah? Verse 14.

Abraham still stood before Jehovah. Verse 22.

Jehovah departed, when He had finished speaking to Abraham. Verse 33.

Consequently the Divine Human and the Holy proceeding are Jehovah, for this name is used for both in verse 24 of the present chapter.

And Jehovah rained on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from Jehovah out of heaven. Verse 24.

The internal sense of these words will be seen later on. As regards the Lord being Jehovah Himself, who is mentioned so many times in the historical and prophetical sections of the Old Testament, see 1736.

[4] Those who are truly members of the Church, that is, who are governed by love to the Lord and by charity towards the neighbour, know about and acknowledge the Trinity; but nevertheless they humble themselves before the Lord and worship Him alone. They do so because they know that there is no other way of reaching the Divine itself, called the Father, except through the Son, and that all the Holiness which the Holy Spirit possesses proceeds from Him. When this idea exists with them they worship none except Him, through whom and from whom all things have their being, and so worship One Being. Nor do they disperse their ideas among three, as many others inside the Church are wont to do.

[5] This is evident from very many people in the next life, including some learned, who during their lifetime have presumed themselves to have a firmer grip on the arcana of faith than all others. When these people have been examined in the next life to see what idea they had had concerning the one God - whether there were three Uncreated, three Infinites, three Eternals, three Almighties, and three Lords - it was quite obvious that they had had the idea of three beings (for in that world the communication of ideas takes place). They have had that idea even though the creed states explicitly that there are not three Uncreated, or three Infinites, or three Eternals, or three Almighties, or three Lords, but one - which is also the truth. They accordingly confessed that with their lips they had indeed spoken of God being one; but in spite of this they had thought of - and some had believed in - three whom they could separate in idea but not join together.

[6] The reason is that for all arcana, even the deepest, some idea exists, for without the existence of an idea nothing is able to be thought about nor indeed anything retained in the memory. In the next life therefore the nature of the thought, and consequently of the faith, that anyone has formulated for himself concerning the One God is clear as daylight. Indeed when Jews in the next life hear that the Lord is Jehovah and that only one God exists they have nothing to say; but when they perceive that Christians' ideas are divided into three they say that they themselves worship one God whereas Christians worship three. What is more, nobody is able to join together three thus separated in idea except those who have the faith that comes with charity - for the Lord accommodates their minds to Himself.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.