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Josua 13

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1 Und Josua war alt, wohlbetagt, und Jehova sprach zu ihm: Du bist alt, wohlbetagt, und vom Lande ist sehr viel übrig in Besitz zu nehmen.

2 Dies ist das Land, das noch übrig ist: alle Bezirke der Philister und das ganze Gesuri;

3 von dem Sihor, der vor Ägypten fließt, bis an die Grenze von Ekron gegen Norden, wird es zu den Kanaanitern gerechnet; die fünf Fürsten der Philister: der Gasiter, der Asdoditer, der Askaloniter, der Gathiter und der Ekroniter, und die Awim.

4 Im Süden das ganze Land der Kanaaniter und Meara, das den Zidoniern gehört, bis Aphek, bis an die Grenze der Amoriter;

5 und das Land der Gibliter und der ganze Libanon gegen Sonnenaufgang, von Baal-Gad, am Fuße des Berges Hermon, bis man nach Hamath kommt;

6 alle Bewohner des Gebirges, vom Libanon bis Misrephot-Majim, alle Zidonier. Ich selbst werde sie vor den Kindern Israel austreiben; nur verlose es Israel als Erbteil, so wie ich dir geboten habe.

7 Und nun verteile dieses Land als Erbteil den neun Stämmen und dem halben Stamme Manasse. -

8 Mit ihm haben die Rubeniter und die Gaditer ihr Erbteil empfangen, welches Mose ihnen gegeben hat jenseit des Jordan gegen Osten, so wie Mose, der Knecht Jehovas, es ihnen gegeben hat:

9 von Aroer an, das am Ufer des Flusses Arnon ist, und zwar von der Stadt, die mitten im Flußtale liegt, und die ganze Ebene Medeba bis Dibon,

10 und alle Städte Sihons, des Königs der Amoriter, der zu Hesbon regierte, bis zur Grenze der Kinder Ammon;

11 und Gilead und das Gebiet der Gesuriter und der Maakathiter und den ganzen Berg Hermon und das ganze Basan bis Salka,

12 das ganze Reich Ogs in Basan, der zu Astaroth und zu Edrei regierte; (er war von dem Überrest der Rephaim übriggeblieben;) und Mose schlug sie und trieb sie aus.

13 Aber die Kinder Israel trieben die Gesuriter und die Maakathiter nicht aus; und Gesur und Maakath haben in der Mitte Israels gewohnt bis auf diesen Tag.

14 Nur dem Stamme Levi gab er kein Erbteil; die Feueropfer Jehovas, des Gottes Israels, sind sein Erbteil, so wie er zu ihm geredet hat.

15 Und Mose gab dem Stamme der Kinder Ruben nach ihren Geschlechtern.

16 Und es wurde ihnen als Gebiet zuteil: von Aroer an, das am Ufer des Flusses Arnon ist, und zwar von der Stadt, die mitten im Flußtale liegt, und die ganze Ebene bei Medeba;

17 Hesbon und alle seine Städte, die in der Ebene sind: Dibon und Bamoth-Baal und Beth-Baal-Meon,

18 und Jahza und Kedemoth und Mephaath,

19 und Kirjathaim und Sibma und Zereth-Schachar auf dem Berge der Talebene,

20 und Beth-Peor und die Abhänge des Pisga und Beth-Jesimoth,

21 und alle Städte der Ebene, und das ganze Reich Sihons, des Königs der Amoriter, der zu Hesbon regierte, welchen Mose schlug, ihn und die Fürsten von Midian: Ewi und Rekem und Zur und Hur und Reba, die Herrscher Sihons, Bewohner des Landes.

22 Und Bileam, den Sohn Beors, den Wahrsager, töteten die Kinder Israel mit dem Schwerte, nebst ihren Erschlagenen.

23 Und die Grenze der Kinder Ruben war der Jordan und das Angrenzende. Das war das Erbteil der Kinder Ruben, nach ihren Geschlechtern, die Städte und ihre Dörfer.

24 Und Mose gab dem Stamme Gad, den Kindern Gad, nach ihren Geschlechtern.

25 Und es wurde ihnen als Gebiet zuteil: Jaser und alle Städte Gileads, und die Hälfte des Landes der Kinder Ammon bis Aroer, das vor Rabba liegt;

26 und von Hesbon bis Ramath-Mizpe und Betonim, und von Machanaim bis an die Grenze von Lidebir;

27 und in der Talebene: Beth-Haram und Beth-Nimra und Sukkoth und Zaphon, der Rest von dem Reiche Sihons, des Königs von Hesbon, der Jordan und das Angrenzende bis an das Ende des Sees Kinnereth, jenseit des Jordan gegen Osten.

28 Das war das Erbteil der Kinder Gad nach ihren Geschlechtern, die Städte und ihre Dörfer.

29 Und Mose gab dem halben Stamme Manasse. Und dem halben Stamme der Kinder Manasse wurde nach ihren Geschlechtern zuteil.

30 Und ihr Gebiet war von Machanaim an, das ganze Basan, das ganze Reich Ogs, des Königs von Basan, und alle Dörfer Jairs, die in Basan sind, sechzig Städte.

31 Und das halbe Gilead, und Astaroth und Edrei, die Städte des Reiches Ogs, in Basan, wurden den Söhnen Makirs, des Sohnes Manasses, zuteil, der Hälfte der Söhne Makirs, nach ihren Geschlechtern.

32 Das ist es, was Mose in den Ebenen Moabs als Erbe ausgeteilt hat, jenseit des Jordan von Jericho, gegen Osten.

33 Aber dem Stamme Levi gab Mose kein Erbteil; Jehova, der Gott Israels, ist ihr Erbteil, so wie er zu ihnen geredet hat.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 13

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 13: The start of the tribal territory allocations.

Now that Israel had conquered the land of Canaan, the Lord commanded Joshua to divide the land between the twelve tribes. The next seven chapters tell how the the land of Canaan was divided (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 1413, to read more about the spiritual meaning).

Chapter 13 deals with the territories given to the tribes of Reuben, Gad and one half of Manasseh, all of which are on the other side of the river Jordan. Reuben was given the southern lands; Gad was given the extensive middle region, much of which is an area called Gilead; and half the tribe of Manasseh received the northern land which is on the other side of the Jordan.

It is also worth noting that the first few verses say much of the land remained to be conquered. However, at the end of chapter 11, we read that Joshua took the whole land as the Lord had commanded Moses.

This may seem contradictory, but spiritually it fits very well. In our regeneration, we aim to conquer our self-centred nature, and allow the Lord to rule us with his truth. This is spiritually ‘conquering the whole land’. But even so, our natural thoughts and desires sometimes rise up to trouble us, and these times are like the parts of the land that remain to be conquered. This is why we must recognize our complete dependence on the Lord (Arcana Caelestia 8326).

The Lord giving land as inheritance to each of the twelve tribes represents the way that He gives us our spiritual life. As we do the work of spiritual ‘conquering’ - living by our purpose to serve the Lord - we feel more and more that we can use our understanding of God and His Word in our actions every day.

The twelve tribes stand for the whole spectrum of what spiritual life involves, and each tribe relates to a specific quality of our spiritual living (Arcana Caelestia 3858). For example, we need to be discerning, positive, respectful of others, and so on. Each tribe has a sizeable area of the land, and is part of the integrity of the whole nation.

The territories given to Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh are not part of Canaan, but they are linked to it. These areas represent our outward life: the way we work, live, rest, and relate with other people. This is the ‘casing’ of our spiritual life, and it is essential.

The tribe of Reuben – the eldest son of Jacob – stands for our initial need to see the truths from the Lord in the Word. By ‘seeing’ we mean meeting them, looking carefully, being attentive, coming to understand what they ask of us, and realising how important they are. It is not a vague impression that the Lord’s teachings are important, but a real first step for us (Arcana Caelestia 3866).

The tribe of Gad stands for our ability to see that knowledge and truth need to be used to perform good works. Gad’s name means ‘a troop,’ calling to mind soldiers marching in formation to go and sort things out properly. This is something we can apply to ourselves and to the world around us. We just need to watch that it doesn’t get too heavy-handed (See Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 435[7]).

The tribe of Manasseh represents the spiritual good which supports our will to live a life which is just, fair and honourable because it is based on God. In fact, Manasseh – which means ‘forgetfulness’ – stands for our need to remember that ‘my will’ is really ‘the Lord’s will for me’. Our will needs to be focused on outward life and also inwardly open to the Lord, which is why half of Manasseh has land beyond the Jordan and half has land within Canaan (Arcana Caelestia 5353).

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Arcana Coelestia # 3488

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3488. The fact that these words spoken by the Lord and recorded in the gospel describe the second state of the perversion of the Church is evident from their internal sense, which is as follows,

All these are the beginning of sorrows means the things that have already happened, that is to say, the things that belong to the first state of the perversion of the Church, which, as has been stated, takes place when people cease to know any longer what goodness is and what truth is and start to argue with one another about them, with the result that falsities, and consequently heresies arise. The fact that such things perverted the Church before very many centuries had gone by is evident from the consideration that the Church in the Christian world became divided, and that its divisions were the result of opinions concerning goodness and truth; so that the Church began to be perverted a long way back in the past.

[2] At that time they will deliver you up to affliction, and will kill you means that goodness and truth will perish, at first through 'affliction'- that is, through perversion - and then through men 'killing' them, that is, through denial. For 'killing', when used in reference to goodness and truth, means that these are not being accepted, and thus that people deny them, see 3387, 3395. 'You' - the apostles - means all things of faith in their entirety, and so means the good of faith as well as the truth of faith; for the twelve apostles meant those things, see 577, 2089, 2129, 2130 (end), 3272, 3354. Here it is quite evident that they have that meaning, for the subject is not the preaching of the apostles but the close of the age.

[3] And you will be hated by all nations for My name's sake means contempt for and loathing of everything to do with goodness and truth. 'Hating' is holding in contempt and loathing, for these are manifestations of hatred. 'By all nations' means by persons under the influence of evil, for 'nations' refers to these, see 1259, 1260, 1849, 1868, 2588 (end). 'For My name's sake' is for the Lord's sake, and so for the sake of everything that comes from Him - 'the Lord's name' being everything in its entirety by which He is worshipped, and so everything belonging to His Church, see 2724, 3006.

[4] At that time many will stumble, and betray one another, and hate one another means hostility on account of those things. 'Many will stumble' means the hostility in itself - the Lord's Human being that against which the hostility is directed. That this will be a cause of offence or a stumbling-block is foretold in various places in the Word. 'Betray one another' is hostility towards one another arising out of falsity conflicting with truth. 'And hate one another' is hostility towards one another arising out of evil conflicting with good.

[5] And many false prophets will arise and will lead many astray means declarations of falsity - 'false prophets' meaning teachers of falsities, thus false doctrine, see 2534. 'And will lead many astray' means that there will be things that are the issue of that doctrine.

[6] And because iniquity is multiplied the charity of many will grow cold means charity together with faith breathing its last. 'Because iniquity is multiplied' means in keeping with falsities of faith. 'The charity of many will grow cold' means charity breathing its last; for the two - charity and faith - go together side by side. Where there is no faith there is no charity; and where there is no charity there is no faith. Charity however is that which receives faith, and the absence of charity is that which rejects faith. This is the origin of all falsity and of all evil.

[7] But he who endures to the end will be saved means the salvation of those who have charity. 'He who endures to the end' is the person who does not allow himself to be led astray, and so does not yield in times of temptation.

[8] And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole inhabited earth as a testimony to all nations means that the Christian world will be the first to come to know it. 'Will be preached' means that it will come to be known. 'This gospel of the kingdom' is this truth, that it really is so - 'gospel' being pronouncement, 'the kingdom' truth, for 'the kingdom' means truth, see 1672, 2547. 'In the whole inhabited earth' is the Christian world, 'the earth' being that region where the Church, and so the Christian world, is, see 662, 1066, 1068, 1262, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118, 2928, 3355. Here the Church is called 'the inhabited earth' from the life of faith, that is, from the good that dwells in truth, for 'inhabiting' in the internal sense is living, and 'inhabitants' are the goods that dwell in truth, 1293, 2268, 2451, 2712, 3384. 'As a testimony' means to ensure that they know, and to prevent them pretending that they do not know. 'To all nations' means to the evil, 1259, 1260, 1849, 1868, 2588. For when people are under the influence of falsity and evil they no longer know what truth is or what good is; indeed they believe that falsity is truth, that evil is good, and vice versa. When the Church reaches this state, at that point the end will come. The words that follow next, to be explained in the Lord's Divine mercy in the preliminary section of the next chapter of Genesis, deal with that state of the Church which is called 'the abomination of desolation', which is the third state.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.