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2 Samuel 10

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1 Und es geschah hernach, da starb der König der Kinder Ammon; und Hanun, sein Sohn, ward König an seiner Statt.

2 Und David sprach: Ich will Güte erweisen an Hanun, dem Sohne Nahas', so wie sein Vater Güte an mir erwiesen hat. Und David sandte hin, um ihn durch seine Knechte wegen seines Vaters zu trösten. Und die Knechte Davids kamen in das Land der Kinder Ammon.

3 Da sprachen die Fürsten der Kinder Ammon zu Hanun, ihrem Herrn: Ehrt wohl David deinen Vater in deinen Augen, daß er Tröster zu dir gesandt hat? Hat nicht David seine Knechte zu dir gesandt, um die Stadt zu erforschen und sie auszukundschafte und sie umzukehren?

4 Da nahm Hanun die Knechte Davids und ließ ihnen die Hälfte des Bartes abscheren und ihre Oberkleider zur Hälfte abschneiden, bis an ihre Gesäße; und er entließ sie.

5 Und man berichtete es dem David. Da sandte er ihnen entgegen, denn die Männer schämten sich sehr; und der König ließ ihnen sagen: Bleibet in Jericho, bis euer Bart gewachsen ist, dann kommet zurück.

6 Als nun die Kinder Ammon sahen, daß sie sich bei David stinkend gemacht hatten, da sandten die Kinder Ammon hin und dingten die Syrer von Beth-Rechob und die Syrer von Zoba, zwanzigtausend Mann zu Fuß, und den König von Maaka, tausend Mann, und die Männer von Tob, zwölftausend Mann.

7 Und als David es hörte, sandte er Joab hin und das ganze Heer, die Helden.

8 Und die Kinder Ammon zogen aus und stellten sich am Eingang des Tores in Schlachtordnung auf; und die Syrer von Zoba und Rechob und die Männer von Tob und Maaka waren für sich auf dem Felde.

9 Und als Joab sah, daß der Streit von vorn und von hinten gegen ihn gerichtet war, da erwählte er von allen Auserlesenen Israels und stellte sich auf, den Syrern gegenüber;

10 und das übrige Volk übergab er der Hand seines Bruders Abisai, und dieser stellte sich auf, den Kindern Ammon gegenüber.

11 Und er sprach: Wenn die Syrer mir zu stark sind, so sollst du mir Hilfe leisten; und wenn die Kinder Ammon dir zu stark sind, so will ich kommen, dir zu helfen.

12 Sei stark und laß uns stark sein für unser Volk und für die Städte unseres Gottes! Und Jehova wird tun, was gut ist in seinen Augen.

13 Da rückte Joab und das Volk, das bei ihm war, vor zum Streit wider die Syrer; und sie flohen vor ihm.

14 Und als die Kinder Ammon sahen, daß die Syrer geflohen waren, da flohen auch sie vor Abisai und zogen sich in die Stadt zurück. Und Joab kehrte von den Kindern Ammon zurück und kam nach Jerusalem.

15 Und als die Syrer sahen, daß sie vor Israel geschlagen waren, da versammelten sie sich allesamt.

16 Und Hadareser sandte hin und ließ die Syrer ausziehen, die jenseit des Stromes waren; und sie kamen nach Helam, und Schobak, der Heeroberste Hadaresers, vor ihnen her.

17 Und es wurde David berichtet; da versammelte er ganz Israel und ging über den Jordan und kam nach Helam; und die Syrer stellten sich David gegenüber auf und stritten mit ihm.

18 Und die Syrer flohen vor Israel, und David tötete von den Syrern siebenhundert Wagenkämpfer und vierzigtausend Reiter; und er erschlug Schobak, ihren Heerobersten, und er starb daselbst.

19 Und als alle die Könige, welche Knechte Hadaresers waren, sahen, daß sie vor Israel geschlagen waren, da machten sie Frieden mit Israel und dienten ihnen. Und die Syrer fürchteten sich, den Kindern Ammon fernerhin zu helfen.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 66

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66. Verse 14. And His head and hairs white, signifies the Divine in firsts and in ultimates. This is evident from the signification of "head," when it refers to the Lord, of whom these things are said, as being the Divine in firsts (of which presently); and from the signification of "hairs," as being the Divine in ultimates (of which also presently); and from the signification of "white," as being what is pure. (That "white" [album] and "bright white" [candidum] mean what is pure, see Arcana Coelestia 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319.) "Head," in reference to the Lord, is the Divine in firsts, because the head is the highest part of man, and in it are his firsts, which are called the beginnings, from which are derived all things that have place in the body; for in the head are the understanding and the will, from which, as from their firsts or beginnings, flow the remaining things that relate to man's outer life, such as speech and all actions. But "hairs," in reference to the Lord, mean the Divine in ultimates, because hairs are ultimate things, for they grow out of the outmost parts of man, and first things terminate in them; when, therefore, "head" and "hairs" are mentioned firsts and ultimates are meant.

[2] Anyone who knows that in spiritual things also "head" signifies first things and "hairs" ultimates, and that first things and ultimates signify all things (as shown in n. 41), can know many arcana of the internal sense where "head" and "hairs" are mentioned; as that:

A Nazarite should not shave the hair of his head, for this, as it is said, was the Nazariteship of God upon his head, and when the days were accomplished, he was to shave it off and consecrate it (Numbers 6:1-21);

also that:

The strength of Samson was in his locks, and when they were shaven off he became weak, and when they grew again he came into his strength (Judges 16:13-31 tothe end);

also that:

Forty-two children were torn in pieces by bears because they mocked Elisha, calling him bald-head (2 Kings 2:23-24);

as also that:

Elijah was clothed with a garment of hair (2 Kings 1:8);

And John the Baptist with camel's hair (Mark 1:6);

furthermore, what "head," "hairs," "beard," and "baldness" signify wherever they are mentioned in the Word.

[3] That a Nazarite should not shave his hair, because this, as is said, was the Nazariteship of God upon his head; and that when the days were accomplished he should shave it off and consecrate it, was for the reason that the Nazarite represented the Lord in firsts and in ultimates, and His Divine in ultimates was His Human, which He made Divine even to the flesh and bones, which are ultimates. That He made it Divine even to the flesh and bones is evident from the fact that He left nothing in the sepulcher, and that:

He said to the disciples that He had flesh and bones, which a spirit hath not (Luke 24:39-40).

And when the Divine Itself is Divine even in ultimates, then it governs all things from firsts by means of ultimates (as can be seen from what was shown above, n. 41; especially from what was cited from the Arcana Coelestia, namely, that interior things flow in successively into exterior things, even into what is extreme or outmost, and there have existence and subsistence, n. 634, 6239, 6465, 9215, 9216; that they not only flow in successively, but also form what is simultaneous in the ultimate, in what order see n. 5897, 6451, 8603, 10099; that therefore all interior things are held together in connection from the first by means of the ultimate, n. 9828, and in the work on Heaven and Hell 297; that from this the ultimate is more holy than the interiors, n. 9824; and therefore in ultimates there is strength and power, n. 9836). These then are the reasons why the Nazariteship was instituted. The Nazarite was finally to consecrate his hair by putting it into the fire of the altar, because it represented the Divine holiness, and the "fire of the altar" signified that holiness (n. 934, 6314, 6832).

[4] From this it can be seen, moreover, why the strength of Samson was in his hair (Judges 16:13-31 to the end), for it is said that:

He was a Nazarite from his mother's womb (Judges 13:7; 16:17).

Moreover, for the same reason:

It was not lawful for the high priest and his sons, nor for the Levites, to shave the head and make themselves bald (Leviticus 10:6; 21:5, 10; Ezekiel 44:20).

Likewise:

With the Israelitish people to cut off the beard (which had a like signification) was disgraceful (2 Samuel 10:4, 5).

The forty-two children were torn in pieces by the bears because they mocked Elisha, calling him bald-head, for the reason that Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in respect to the Word, which is Divine truth, the sanctity and strength of which are in ultimates from firsts, as was said just above. Because "baldness" thus signified the deprivation of these, this took place. "Bears," moreover, signify truth in ultimates. (That Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in respect to the Word, see Arcana Coelestia 2762, 5247.) From this it is clear also why Elijah had a hairy garment and John one of camel's hair; for John the Baptist, like Elijah, represented the Lord in respect to the Word; for this reason also he was called Elijah (See Arcana Coelestia 7643, 9372).

[5] When these things are understood, it can be known what is signified in the Word by "head," "hairs," "beard," and "baldness," as in Isaiah:

In that time shall the Lord shave by the king of Assyria, the head, and the hairs of the feet, He shall also consume the beard (Isaiah 7:20).

In the same prophet:

On all heads baldness, every beard cut off (Isaiah 15:2).

In Jeremiah:

Truth is perished, and is cut off from their mouth. Cut off thine hair and cast it away (Jeremiah 7:28-29).

In Ezekiel:

Take a razor and pass it over the head and beard (Ezekiel 5:1).

Shame shall be upon every face, and baldness upon all heads (Ezekiel 7:18).

Every head was made bald (Ezekiel 29:18).

In Amos:

I will bring up baldness upon every head (Amos 8:10).

In David:

God shall bruise the head of His enemies, the hairy scalp of him that goeth on in his guilt (Psalms 68:21).

In these passages and in others, by "cutting off the hair of the head," "shaving the beard," and inducing baldness, is signified to deprive of all truth and good; since he that is deprived of ultimates is also deprived of things prior, for prior things have existence and subsistence in ultimates, as was said above. Moreover, in the world of spirits there are seen some that are bald, and I have been told that they are such as have abused the Word, and have applied the sense of the letter, which is Divine truth in ultimates, to wicked purposes, and therefore have been deprived of all truth. These are most malignant. Many of them are of the Babylonish body. Angels, on the contrary, appear with becoming hair.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4859

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4859. 'And covered herself with a veil' means the truth was rendered obscure. This is clear from the meaning of 'covering oneself (that is, covering one's face) with a veil' as concealing and so rendering obscure truth which pretended to spring from good, as immediately above in 4858. Tamar did this so that she might become joined to Judah. For when brides first approached their bridegrooms they used to cover themselves with a veil, as one reads of Rebekah doing when she came to Isaac, Genesis 24:65, by which appearances of truth were meant, see 3207. 'A wife' means truth and 'a husband' good; but because truth as it really is does not show itself before it is joined to its good, therefore - to represent this reality - brides used to cover themselves with a veil when seen for the first time by their husbands. Here Tamar acted in a similar way, for she supposed that Shelah, Judah's son, should be her husband. But because she had not been given to him she then supposed that his father should perform the duty of a husband's brother instead. Therefore she covered herself with a veil as a bride would do. She did not cover herself as a whore would have done, though Judah supposed that this was what she was because in those times whores were likewise accustomed to cover their faces, as is evident from verse 15. The reason Judah supposed she was that kind of woman was that the Jewish nation, which is there meant by 'Judah', rated the internal truths of the representative Church as low as a whore. Therefore Judah was joined to her as though she were a whore; but Tamar's joining to him was not like that. Because internal truths could not be seen by that nation in any other way than this, the words used here 'she covered herself with a veil' therefore mean that truth was rendered obscure. The fact that the truth of the Church has been rendered obscure to members of that nation is also represented at the present day in their synagogues when they cover themselves with shawls or veils.

[2] Something similar was also represented by the skin on Moses' face shining when he came down from Mount Sinai, so that he covered himself with a veil every time he spoke to the people, Exodus 34:28-end. Moses represented the Word that is called the Law, see Preface to Chapter 18; and that is why sometimes the expression 'the Law and the Prophets' is used, as in Matthew 5:17; 11:13; 22:36, 40, and sometimes 'Moses and the Prophets', as in Luke 16:29, 31; 24:27, 44. The skin shining on his face represented the inner reality of the Word, for 'the face' means that which is internal, 358, 1999, 2434, 3527, 4066, 4796, 4797; for being spiritual, that inner reality dwells in the light of heaven. The veiling of his face every time he spoke to the people represented the fact that for members of that nation internal truth was covered and thus was rendered obscure so that they would not be exposed to any light at all from it.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.