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2 Samuel 10

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1 Und es geschah hernach, da starb der König der Kinder Ammon; und Hanun, sein Sohn, ward König an seiner Statt.

2 Und David sprach: Ich will Güte erweisen an Hanun, dem Sohne Nahas', so wie sein Vater Güte an mir erwiesen hat. Und David sandte hin, um ihn durch seine Knechte wegen seines Vaters zu trösten. Und die Knechte Davids kamen in das Land der Kinder Ammon.

3 Da sprachen die Fürsten der Kinder Ammon zu Hanun, ihrem Herrn: Ehrt wohl David deinen Vater in deinen Augen, daß er Tröster zu dir gesandt hat? Hat nicht David seine Knechte zu dir gesandt, um die Stadt zu erforschen und sie auszukundschafte und sie umzukehren?

4 Da nahm Hanun die Knechte Davids und ließ ihnen die Hälfte des Bartes abscheren und ihre Oberkleider zur Hälfte abschneiden, bis an ihre Gesäße; und er entließ sie.

5 Und man berichtete es dem David. Da sandte er ihnen entgegen, denn die Männer schämten sich sehr; und der König ließ ihnen sagen: Bleibet in Jericho, bis euer Bart gewachsen ist, dann kommet zurück.

6 Als nun die Kinder Ammon sahen, daß sie sich bei David stinkend gemacht hatten, da sandten die Kinder Ammon hin und dingten die Syrer von Beth-Rechob und die Syrer von Zoba, zwanzigtausend Mann zu Fuß, und den König von Maaka, tausend Mann, und die Männer von Tob, zwölftausend Mann.

7 Und als David es hörte, sandte er Joab hin und das ganze Heer, die Helden.

8 Und die Kinder Ammon zogen aus und stellten sich am Eingang des Tores in Schlachtordnung auf; und die Syrer von Zoba und Rechob und die Männer von Tob und Maaka waren für sich auf dem Felde.

9 Und als Joab sah, daß der Streit von vorn und von hinten gegen ihn gerichtet war, da erwählte er von allen Auserlesenen Israels und stellte sich auf, den Syrern gegenüber;

10 und das übrige Volk übergab er der Hand seines Bruders Abisai, und dieser stellte sich auf, den Kindern Ammon gegenüber.

11 Und er sprach: Wenn die Syrer mir zu stark sind, so sollst du mir Hilfe leisten; und wenn die Kinder Ammon dir zu stark sind, so will ich kommen, dir zu helfen.

12 Sei stark und laß uns stark sein für unser Volk und für die Städte unseres Gottes! Und Jehova wird tun, was gut ist in seinen Augen.

13 Da rückte Joab und das Volk, das bei ihm war, vor zum Streit wider die Syrer; und sie flohen vor ihm.

14 Und als die Kinder Ammon sahen, daß die Syrer geflohen waren, da flohen auch sie vor Abisai und zogen sich in die Stadt zurück. Und Joab kehrte von den Kindern Ammon zurück und kam nach Jerusalem.

15 Und als die Syrer sahen, daß sie vor Israel geschlagen waren, da versammelten sie sich allesamt.

16 Und Hadareser sandte hin und ließ die Syrer ausziehen, die jenseit des Stromes waren; und sie kamen nach Helam, und Schobak, der Heeroberste Hadaresers, vor ihnen her.

17 Und es wurde David berichtet; da versammelte er ganz Israel und ging über den Jordan und kam nach Helam; und die Syrer stellten sich David gegenüber auf und stritten mit ihm.

18 Und die Syrer flohen vor Israel, und David tötete von den Syrern siebenhundert Wagenkämpfer und vierzigtausend Reiter; und er erschlug Schobak, ihren Heerobersten, und er starb daselbst.

19 Und als alle die Könige, welche Knechte Hadaresers waren, sahen, daß sie vor Israel geschlagen waren, da machten sie Frieden mit Israel und dienten ihnen. Und die Syrer fürchteten sich, den Kindern Ammon fernerhin zu helfen.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 66

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66. Verse 14. And His head and hairs white, signifies the Divine in firsts and in ultimates. This is evident from the signification of "head," when it refers to the Lord, of whom these things are said, as being the Divine in firsts (of which presently); and from the signification of "hairs," as being the Divine in ultimates (of which also presently); and from the signification of "white," as being what is pure. (That "white" [album] and "bright white" [candidum] mean what is pure, see Arcana Coelestia 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319.) "Head," in reference to the Lord, is the Divine in firsts, because the head is the highest part of man, and in it are his firsts, which are called the beginnings, from which are derived all things that have place in the body; for in the head are the understanding and the will, from which, as from their firsts or beginnings, flow the remaining things that relate to man's outer life, such as speech and all actions. But "hairs," in reference to the Lord, mean the Divine in ultimates, because hairs are ultimate things, for they grow out of the outmost parts of man, and first things terminate in them; when, therefore, "head" and "hairs" are mentioned firsts and ultimates are meant.

[2] Anyone who knows that in spiritual things also "head" signifies first things and "hairs" ultimates, and that first things and ultimates signify all things (as shown in n. 41), can know many arcana of the internal sense where "head" and "hairs" are mentioned; as that:

A Nazarite should not shave the hair of his head, for this, as it is said, was the Nazariteship of God upon his head, and when the days were accomplished, he was to shave it off and consecrate it (Numbers 6:1-21);

also that:

The strength of Samson was in his locks, and when they were shaven off he became weak, and when they grew again he came into his strength (Judges 16:13-31 tothe end);

also that:

Forty-two children were torn in pieces by bears because they mocked Elisha, calling him bald-head (2 Kings 2:23-24);

as also that:

Elijah was clothed with a garment of hair (2 Kings 1:8);

And John the Baptist with camel's hair (Mark 1:6);

furthermore, what "head," "hairs," "beard," and "baldness" signify wherever they are mentioned in the Word.

[3] That a Nazarite should not shave his hair, because this, as is said, was the Nazariteship of God upon his head; and that when the days were accomplished he should shave it off and consecrate it, was for the reason that the Nazarite represented the Lord in firsts and in ultimates, and His Divine in ultimates was His Human, which He made Divine even to the flesh and bones, which are ultimates. That He made it Divine even to the flesh and bones is evident from the fact that He left nothing in the sepulcher, and that:

He said to the disciples that He had flesh and bones, which a spirit hath not (Luke 24:39-40).

And when the Divine Itself is Divine even in ultimates, then it governs all things from firsts by means of ultimates (as can be seen from what was shown above, n. 41; especially from what was cited from the Arcana Coelestia, namely, that interior things flow in successively into exterior things, even into what is extreme or outmost, and there have existence and subsistence, n. 634, 6239, 6465, 9215, 9216; that they not only flow in successively, but also form what is simultaneous in the ultimate, in what order see n. 5897, 6451, 8603, 10099; that therefore all interior things are held together in connection from the first by means of the ultimate, n. 9828, and in the work on Heaven and Hell 297; that from this the ultimate is more holy than the interiors, n. 9824; and therefore in ultimates there is strength and power, n. 9836). These then are the reasons why the Nazariteship was instituted. The Nazarite was finally to consecrate his hair by putting it into the fire of the altar, because it represented the Divine holiness, and the "fire of the altar" signified that holiness (n. 934, 6314, 6832).

[4] From this it can be seen, moreover, why the strength of Samson was in his hair (Judges 16:13-31 to the end), for it is said that:

He was a Nazarite from his mother's womb (Judges 13:7; 16:17).

Moreover, for the same reason:

It was not lawful for the high priest and his sons, nor for the Levites, to shave the head and make themselves bald (Leviticus 10:6; 21:5, 10; Ezekiel 44:20).

Likewise:

With the Israelitish people to cut off the beard (which had a like signification) was disgraceful (2 Samuel 10:4, 5).

The forty-two children were torn in pieces by the bears because they mocked Elisha, calling him bald-head, for the reason that Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in respect to the Word, which is Divine truth, the sanctity and strength of which are in ultimates from firsts, as was said just above. Because "baldness" thus signified the deprivation of these, this took place. "Bears," moreover, signify truth in ultimates. (That Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in respect to the Word, see Arcana Coelestia 2762, 5247.) From this it is clear also why Elijah had a hairy garment and John one of camel's hair; for John the Baptist, like Elijah, represented the Lord in respect to the Word; for this reason also he was called Elijah (See Arcana Coelestia 7643, 9372).

[5] When these things are understood, it can be known what is signified in the Word by "head," "hairs," "beard," and "baldness," as in Isaiah:

In that time shall the Lord shave by the king of Assyria, the head, and the hairs of the feet, He shall also consume the beard (Isaiah 7:20).

In the same prophet:

On all heads baldness, every beard cut off (Isaiah 15:2).

In Jeremiah:

Truth is perished, and is cut off from their mouth. Cut off thine hair and cast it away (Jeremiah 7:28-29).

In Ezekiel:

Take a razor and pass it over the head and beard (Ezekiel 5:1).

Shame shall be upon every face, and baldness upon all heads (Ezekiel 7:18).

Every head was made bald (Ezekiel 29:18).

In Amos:

I will bring up baldness upon every head (Amos 8:10).

In David:

God shall bruise the head of His enemies, the hairy scalp of him that goeth on in his guilt (Psalms 68:21).

In these passages and in others, by "cutting off the hair of the head," "shaving the beard," and inducing baldness, is signified to deprive of all truth and good; since he that is deprived of ultimates is also deprived of things prior, for prior things have existence and subsistence in ultimates, as was said above. Moreover, in the world of spirits there are seen some that are bald, and I have been told that they are such as have abused the Word, and have applied the sense of the letter, which is Divine truth in ultimates, to wicked purposes, and therefore have been deprived of all truth. These are most malignant. Many of them are of the Babylonish body. Angels, on the contrary, appear with becoming hair.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4208

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4208. 'And Jacob swore by the Dread of his father Isaac' means confirmation from the Divine Human, which in that state is called 'the Dread'. This is clear from the meaning of 'swearing' as confirmation, dealt with in 2842, 3375; and from the meaning of 'the Dread of Isaac' as the Lord's Divine Human, dealt with in 4180. The fact that when people swore oaths they did so by the Lord's Divine Human, see 2842.

[2] The reason for the use here of the expressions 'the God of Abraham, the God of Nahor, the God of their father (who was Terah)' and 'the Dread of Isaac, Jacob's father' is that Terah's sons acknowledged just so many gods, for they were idolaters, 1353, 1356, 1992, 3667. It was also a peculiar feature of that house that each family worshipped its own individual god. This is why at this point the expressions 'the God of Abraham', 'the God of Nahor', 'the God of their father', and 'the Dread of Isaac' are used. Abraham's family however was commanded to acknowledge Jehovah as its God. All the same, they did not acknowledge Him to be anything more than just another god by whom they could distinguish themselves from the gentiles, and so only His name was different. This also accounts for their defection on so many occasions to other gods, as is made clear in the historical sections of the Word. The reason why they defected was that they were interested solely in things of an external nature. What things of an internal nature were they did not know at all and did not wish to know.

[3] So far as those people's participation in them was concerned, the religious practices of their Church were wholly idolatrous because they had been separated from the things of an internal nature; for every religious practice of the Church when separated from what is internal is idolatrous. Yet it was still possible for those people to represent the genuine condition of the Church since representations have nothing to do with the person who represents, only with the thing represented, 665, 1097 (end), 1361, 3147. But in order that a representative Church might come into being, and in this way some kind of communication between the Lord and man through heaven might exist, it was particularly necessary for them to be kept in their acknowledgement of Jehovah, if not in their hearts yet with their lips. For among them representatives were not an expression of internal entities but of external ones. And this was the kind of communication they had, different from that in the genuine Church in which communication was effected through things of an internal nature. For this reason also their Divine worship made no difference to their souls, that is, it did not yield them blessings in the next life, only prosperity in the world.

[4] In order that they might be kept in external things so many miracles were therefore performed among them which would never have taken place if things of an internal nature had had a place among them. For the same reason they were also compelled on many occasions to worship Jehovah through the imposition of punishments, captivities, and threats, though no one is compelled by the Lord to engage in internal worship, for this is implanted only in a state of freedom, 1937, 1947, 2874-2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031. The chief external practice required of them was that they should confess the name Jehovah, for Jehovah was the Lord who was represented in all the practices of that Church. On the point that Jehovah was the Lord, see 1343, 1736, 2921, 3035.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.