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3 Mose 11

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1 Und Jehova redete zu Mose und zu Aaron und sprach zu ihnen:

2 edet zu den Kindern Israel und sprechet: Dies sind die Tiere, die ihr essen sollt von allen Tieren, (Anderswo: Vieh) die auf der Erde sind.

3 Alles was gespaltene Hufe, und zwar ganz gespaltene Hufe hat, und wiederkäut unter den Tieren, das sollt ihr essen.

4 Nur diese sollt ihr nicht essen von den wiederkäuenden und von denen, die gespaltene Hufe haben: das Kamel, denn es wiederkäut, aber es hat keine gespaltenen Hufe: unrein soll es euch sein;

5 und den Klippendachs, denn er wiederkäut, aber er hat keine gespaltenen Hufe: unrein soll er euch sein;

6 und den Hasen, denn er wiederkäut, aber er hat keine gespaltenen Hufe: unrein soll er euch sein;

7 und das Schwein, denn es hat gespaltene Hufe, und zwar ganz gespaltene Hufe, aber es wiederkäut nicht: unrein soll es euch sein.

8 Von ihrem Fleische sollt ihr nicht essen und ihr Aas nicht anrühren: unrein sollen sie euch sein.

9 Dieses sollt ihr essen von allem, was in den Wassern ist: alles, was Floßfedern und Schuppen hat in den Wassern, in den Meeren und in den Flüssen, das sollt ihr essen;

10 aber alles, was keine Floßfedern und Schuppen hat in den Meeren und in den Flüssen, von allem Gewimmel der Wasser und von jedem lebendigen Wesen, das in den Wassern ist, sie sollen euch ein Greuel sein;

11 ja, ein Greuel sollen sie euch sein: von ihrem Fleische sollt ihr nicht essen, und ihr Aas sollt ihr verabscheuen.

12 Alles, was nicht Floßfedern und Schuppen hat in den Wassern, soll euch ein Greuel sein.

13 Und diese sollt ihr verabscheuen von den Vögeln; sie sollen nicht gegessen werden, ein Greuel sind sie: den Adler und den Beinbrecher und den Meeradler,

14 und den Falken und die Weihe nach ihrer Art,

15 alle aben nach ihrer Art,

16 und die Straußhenne (And.: den Strauß) und den Straußhahn (And.: die Ohreule; and.: den Kuckuck) und die Seemöve und den Habicht nach seiner Art,

17 und die Eule und den Sturzpelikan und die ohrdommel, (And.: den Uhu)

18 und das Purpurhuhn und den Pelikan und den Aasgeier,

19 und den Storch und den Fischreiher nach seiner Art, und den Wiedehopf und die Fledermaus.

20 Alles geflügelte Gewürm, (W. Gewimmel) das auf Vieren geht, soll euch ein Greuel sein.

21 Nur dieses sollt ihr essen von allem geflügelten Gewürm, (W. Gewimmel) das auf Vieren geht: was Schenkel hat oberhalb seiner Füße, um damit auf der Erde zu hüpfen.

22 Diese sollt ihr von ihnen essen: den Arbeh nach seiner Art und den Solham nach seiner Art und den Chargol nach seiner Art und den Chagab nach seiner Art. (Vier verschiedene Arten von Heuschrecken)

23 Aber alles geflügelte Gewürm, das vier Füße hat, soll euch ein Greuel sein.

24 Und durch diese (Eig. bezüglich dieser) werdet ihr euch verunreinigen; jeder, der ihr Aas anrührt, wird unrein sein bis an den Abend;

25 und jeder, der von ihrem Aase trägt, soll seine Kleider waschen und wird unrein sein bis an den Abend.

26 Jedes Tier, das gespaltene Hufe, aber nicht ganz gespaltene Hufe hat und nicht wiederkäut: unrein sollen sie euch sein; jeder, der sie anrührt, wird unrein sein.

27 Und alles, was auf seinen Tatzen geht, unter allem Getier, das auf Vieren geht, sie sollen euch unrein sein; jeder, der ihr Aas anrührt, wird unrein sein bis an den Abend.

28 Und wer ihr Aas trägt, soll seine Kleider waschen und wird unrein sein bis an den Abend; sie sollen euch unrein sein.

29 Und diese sollen euch unrein sein unter dem Gewimmel, das auf der Erde wimmelt: der Maulwurf (And.: das Wiesel) und die Maus und die Eidechse nach ihrer Art,

30 und die Anaka und der Koach und der Letaah und der Chomet (Vier verschiedene Arten von Eidechsen) und das Chamäleon.

31 Diese sollen euch unrein sein unter allem Gewimmel; jeder, der sie anrührt, wenn sie tot sind, wird unrein sein bis an den Abend.

32 Und alles, worauf eines von ihnen fällt, wenn sie tot sind, wird unrein sein: jedes Holzgerät oder Kleid oder Fell oder Sack, jedes Gerät, womit eine Arbeit verrichtet wird, es soll ins Wasser getan werden und wird unrein sein bis an den Abend; dann wird es rein sein.

33 Und jedes irdene Gefäß, in welches eines von ihnen hineinfällt: alles, was darin ist, wird unrein sein, und es selbst sollt ihr zerbrechen.

34 Alle Speise, die gegessen wird, auf welche solches Wasser kommt, wird unrein sein; und alles Getränk, das getrunken wird, wird unrein sein in jedem solchen Gefäße.

35 Und alles, worauf von ihrem Aase fällt, wird unrein sein; Ofen und Herd sollen niedergerissen werden, sie sind unrein, und unrein sollen sie euch sein.

36 Doch Quelle und Cisterne, Wasserbehälter, werden rein sein; wer aber das Aas darin (W. ihr Aas) anrührt, wird unrein sein.

37 Und wenn von ihrem Aase auf irgend welchen Saatsamen fällt, der gesät wird, so ist er rein;

38 wenn aber Wasser auf den Samen getan wurde, und es fällt von ihrem Aase auf denselben, so soll er euch unrein sein.

39 Und wenn eines von dem Vieh stirbt, das euch zur Nahrung dient: wer dessen Aas anrührt, wird unrein sein bis an den Abend.

40 Und wer von dessen Aas isset, soll seine Kleider waschen und wird unrein sein bis an den Abend; und wer dessen Aas trägt, soll seine Kleider waschen und wird unrein sein bis an den Abend.

41 Und alles Gewimmel, das auf der Erde wimmelt, ist ein Greuel; es soll nicht gegessen werden.

42 Alles was auf dem Bauche kriecht, und alles, was auf Vieren geht, bis zu allem Vielfüßigen von allem Gewimmel, das auf der Erde wimmelt: ihr sollt sie nicht essen; denn sie sind ein Greuel.

43 Machet euch selbst (W. eure Seelen) nicht zum Greuel durch irgend ein kriechendes Gewürm, (Eig. Gewimmel, das wimmelt) und verunreiniget euch nicht durch sie, so daß ihr dadurch unrein werdet.

44 Denn ich bin Jehova, euer Gott; so heiliget euch und seid heilig, denn ich bin heilig. Und ihr sollt euch selbst (W. eure Seelen) nicht verunreinigen durch irgend ein Gewürm, das sich auf der Erde regt.

45 Denn ich bin Jehova, der euch aus dem Lande Ägypten heraufgeführt hat, um euer Gott zu sein: so seid heilig, denn ich bin heilig.

46 Das ist das Gesetz von dem Vieh und dem Gevögel und von jedem lebendigen Wesen, das sich in den Wassern regt, und von jedem Wesen, das auf der Erde kriecht; (Eig. wimmelt)

47 um zu unterscheiden zwischen dem Unreinen und dem einen, und zwischen dem Getier, das gegessen wird, und dem Getier, das nicht gegessen werden soll.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 196

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196. And they shall walk with Me in white, for they are worthy, signifies their spiritual life, which they have by means of the knowledges of truth and good from the Word. This is evident from the signification of "to walk," as being to live (See above, n. 97 [1-2]); from the signification of "in white," as being in truths, for "whiteness" and "brightness" in the Word are predicated of truths (of which presently); therefore by these words, "they shall walk with me in white," is signified spiritual life, since spiritual life is the life of truth, that is, a life according to truths, or according to the precepts of the Lord in the Word. This is evident also from the signification of "for they are worthy," as being because they have spiritual life from the Lord. So far as anyone receives from the Lord he is worthy; but so far as he receives from self, that is, from what is his, or from what is his own [proprium] he is not worthy. Nothing else constitutes spiritual life with man but the knowledges of truth and good from the Word applied to life; and they are applied to life when man holds them as the laws of his life, for he then looks to the Lord in everything, and with such the Lord is present, and gives intelligence and wisdom and an affection for them and delight in them. For the Lord is in His truths with man, since every truth proceeds from the Lord, and what proceeds from the Lord that is His, even so that it is He; therefore the Lord says:

I am the truth and the life (John 14:6).

He that doeth the truth cometh to the light, [that his works may be made manifest] that they have been wrought in God (John 3:21).

The Word was with God, and God was the Word. In Him was life; and the life was the light of men. That was the true light, that lighteth every man. And the Word was made flesh (John 1:1, 4, 9, 14).

The Lord is called "the Word" because the Word signifies Divine truth; He is also called "the Light" because Divine truth is the light in the heavens; He is also called "the Life," because everything that lives, lives from that life; from that also angels have intelligence and wisdom, in which their life consists. He who would derive life from any other source than from the Divine that proceeds from the Lord, which in heaven is called Divine truth and is there seen as light, is greatly mistaken. From this it can be seen how it is to be understood that "God was the Word," and that "in Him was life, and that the life was the light of men. "

[2] "White" in the Word is predicated of truths, because Divine truth is the light of heaven, as was just said, and whiteness and brightness are from the light of heaven. From this it was:

That when the Lord was transfigured before Peter, James, and John, His face appeared as the sun, and His garments as the light (Matthew 17:2);

And as white, dazzling (Luke 9:29);

And glistering as snow, so as no fuller on earth could whiten (Mark 9:3);

That the angels at the Lord's sepulcher had raiment white as snow (Matthew 28:3);

(Luke 24:4)

And shining (Luke 24:4);

That there appeared to John seven angels from the temple clothed in linen clean and shining (Revelation 15:6);

That those who stood before the throne of the Lamb were clothed in white robes (Revelation 6:11; 7:9, 13-14; 19:8);

That the armies of the One sitting upon the white horse followed Him on white horses, clothed in fine linen, white and clean (Revelation 14:14).

From this also it was:

That Aaron had garments of linen, and that he put them on when he went within the veil before the mercy-seat (Leviticus 16:1-5, 32).

"Linen" also signifies truth, because of its whiteness (Arcana Coelestia 7601, 9959). As "white" signifies truth, and truths are what disclose falsities and evil with man and thus purify him, it is said in David:

Behold, Thou desirest truth in the reins, and in the hidden part Thou makest me to know wisdom. Thou shalt purge me with hyssop that I may be made clean; Thou shalt wash me and I shall be whiter than snow (Psalms 51:6-7).

[3] Because the Nazirites represented the Lord in respect to Divine truth in ultimates, which on earth is the Word in the sense of the letter, and this with the Jews was falsified and perverted, it is said of them in Lamentations:

The Nazirites were whiter than snow, they were brighter than milk, their bones were more ruddy than pearls, their polishing was sapphire; but their form is darkened, that they are not known in the streets (Lamentations 4:7-8

(That "Nazirites" represented the Lord in respect to Divine truth, see Arcana Coelestia 6437; that "the crown of the head of the Nazirites" means Divine truths in ultimates, or the Word in the letter, n. 6437, 9407. That the "hair" which was of the Naziriteship, and was called "the crown of the head of the Nazirite," is Divine truth in ultimates, n. 3301, 5247, 10044. That Divine truth in ultimates has strength and power, n. 9836; that therefore the strength of Samson was in his hair, n. 3301.)

[4] From this it is clear what is signified by "the Nazirites were whiter than snow and brighter than milk," and "sapphire was the polishing of their bones; but their form was darkened, that they were not known in the streets;" for "whiteness" and "brightness" signify Divine truth in its light (as was said above); and "bones," as they are man's ultimates, being the supports of his whole body, correspond to ultimates in heaven. (For all things of man correspond, see in the work on Heaven and Hell 87-102; consequently "bones" signify the ultimates in the spiritual world, which are also the ultimates of Divine truth or the Word, Arcana Coelestia 5560-5564, 8005; that "sapphire" signifies what is translucent from truths, n. 9407; and "not to be known in the streets" signifies that Divine truth is no more seen, since "streets" signify where there are truths of doctrine, n. 2336.)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3654

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3654. In the internal sense of the Word 'Judea' does not mean Judea, any more than 'Jerusalem' means Jerusalem. This becomes clear from many places in the Word. In the Word Judea is mentioned less frequently than the land of Judah, which, like the land of Canaan, means the Lord's kingdom, and therefore the Church also since the Church is the Lord's kingdom on earth. And Judea has this meaning because Judah or the Jewish nation represented the Lord's celestial kingdom, and Israel or the Israelitish people His spiritual kingdom. And because His kingdom was represented by them, therefore when that nation or people is mentioned in the Word, nothing else is meant in its internal sense.

[2] The truth of this will be evident from those things which in the Lord's Divine mercy will be stated later on regarding Judah and the land of Judah. For the present it will be evident from the following few examples in the Prophets: In Isaiah,

My beloved had a vineyard on a very fertile hill. 1 He surrounded it [with an enclosure] and gathered out the stones, and planted it with the choicest vine and built a tower in the midst of it, and also hewed out a winepress in it. And he looked for it to yield grapes, but it yielded wild grapes. And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem and man of Judah, judge, I pray you, between Me and My vineyard. I will make it a desolation, for the vineyard of Jehovah Zebaoth is the house of Israel, and the man of Judah His pleasant plant. 2 And He looked for judgement, but behold, festering; for righteousness, but behold, a cry. Isaiah 5:1-3, 6-7.

Here the subject in the sense of the letter is the perverted state of the

Israelites and Jews, but in the internal sense it is the perverted state of the Church represented by Israel and Judah. 'Inhabitant of Jerusalem' is the Church's good - 'inhabitant' meaning good, or what amounts to the same, those with whom good is present, see 2268, 2451, 2712, 3613, and 'Jerusalem' the Church, 402, 2117. 'The house of Israel' has a similar meaning - 'house' meaning good, 710, 1708, 2233, 2331, 3142, 3538, and 'Israel' the Church, 3305. 'The man of Judah' also is very similar, for 'a man' means truth, 265, 749, 1007, 3134, 3310, 3459, and Judah good. The difference however is that 'the man of Judah' means truth grounded in the good of love to the Lord, which is called celestial truth, that is, those governed by that kind of truth are meant.

[3] In the same prophet,

He will raise an ensign for the nations, and will gather the outcasts of Israel, and will assemble the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth. Then the rivalry of Ephraim will depart, and the enemies of Judah be cut off. Ephraim will not vie with Judah, and Judah will not harass Ephraim. Jehovah will utterly destroy the tongue of the sea of Egypt, and will shake His hand over the River with the might of His spirit. Then there will be a highway for the remnant of His people which will remain from Asshur. Isaiah 11:12-13, 15-16.

Here the subject in the sense of the letter is the bringing back of the Israelites and Jews from captivity, but in the internal sense it is a new Church in general and with each person in particular who is being regenerated or becoming the Church. 'The outcasts of Israel' stands for their truths, 'the dispersed of Judah' for their goods. 'Ephraim' stands for the understanding part of their minds, which will no longer offer any resistance. 'Egypt' stands for facts, and 'Asshur' for reasoning based on these, which they have perverted. 'The outcasts', 'the dispersed', 'the remnant', and 'those who remain' stand for truths and goods which survive. For 'Ephraim' means the understanding part of the mind, as will be shown elsewhere, while 'Egypt' means factual knowledge, see 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, 2588, 3325, 'Asshur' reasoning, 119, 1186, and 'remnant' the goods and truths that the Lord has stored away in the interior man, 468, 530, 560, 561, 660, 661, 798, 1050, 1738, 1906, 2284.

[4] In the same prophet,

Hear this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel and who came out of the waters of Judah. For they are called after the city of holiness, and upon the God of Israel they place their reliance. Isaiah 48:1-2.

'The waters of Judah' stands for truths which spring from the good of love to the Lord. The truths from that source are actually the goods of charity, which are called spiritual goods and constitute the spiritual Church, the internal of this Church being meant by 'Israel' and the external by 'the house of Jacob'. This shows what is meant by 'the house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel and who came out of the waters of Judah'.

[5] In the same prophet,

I will bring forth seed from Jacob, and from Judah the heir of My mountains, and My chosen ones will possess it, and My servants will dwell there. Isaiah 65:9.

'From Judah the heir of mountains' stands in the highest sense for the Lord, and in the representative sense for those in whom love to Him is present and so the good of love to Him and the good of love towards the neighbour. As regards 'mountains' meaning these forms of good, this has been shown above in 3652.

[6] In Moses,

A lion's whelp is Judah; from the prey you have gone up, my son. He crouched, he lay down like a lion, and like an old lion; who will rouse him up? Genesis 49:9.

Here it is quite evident that in the highest sense 'Judah' is used to mean the Lord, and in the representative sense those with whom the good of love to Him is present. In David,

When Israel went out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a foreign people, Judah became His sanctuary, Israel His dominions. Psalms 114:1-2.

Here also 'Judah' stands for celestial good, which is the good of love to the Lord, while 'Israel' stands for celestial truth, which is spiritual good.

[7] In Jeremiah,

Behold, the days are coming, says Jehovah, and I will raise up for David a righteous branch, who will reign as king, and will prosper, and execute judgement and righteousness in the land. In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is His name which they will call Him, Jehovah our Righteousness. Jeremiah 23:5-6; 33:15-16.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord. 'Judah' stands for those with whom the good of love to the Lord is present, 'Israel' for those with whom the truth that goes with that good is present. For 'Judah' is not used to mean Judah, nor 'Israel' to mean Israel, as may be seen from the fact that neither Judah nor Israel was actually preserved any longer. Similarly in the same prophet,

I will bring back the captivity of Judah, and the captivity of Israel, and build them as they were previously. Jeremiah 33:7.

The like may be seen here also. In the same prophet,

In those days and at that time, says Jehovah, the children of Israel will come, they and the children of Judah together, weeping as they come; and they will seek Jehovah their God; and they will seek Zion on the way, their faces towards it. Jeremiah 50:4-5.

In the same prophet,

At that time they will call Jerusalem the throne of Jehovah, and all the nations will be gathered to it, to Jerusalem, because of the name of Jehovah; and they will go no more after the stubbornness of their own evil heart. In those days the house of Judah will go to the house of Israel, and together they will come over the land out of the land of the north. Jeremiah 3:17-18.

[8] In the same prophet,

Behold, the days are coming, said Jehovah, in which I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man and the seed of beast; and I will make with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah a new covenant. This is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days: I will put My law in the midst of them, and will write it on their heart. Jeremiah 31:27, 31, 33.

This shows plainly that Israel or the house of Israel was not meant, for once dispersed among the gentiles they were never brought back from captivity. Nor consequently was Judah or the house of Judah meant. Instead Israel and Judah meant in the internal sense members of the Lord's spiritual and celestial kingdoms. It is with these people that the new covenant is made, and in whose hearts the law is written. 'The new covenant' stands for being joined to the Lord by means of good, 665, 666, 1023, 1038, 1864, 1996, 2003, 2021, 2037. 'The law written in their heart' stands for a perception of good and of truth springing from that good, and also for conscience.

[9] In Joel,

It will happen on that day that the mountains will drip new wine, and the hills will flow with milk, and all the streams of Judah will flow with water; and a spring will come forth from the house of Jehovah and will water the river of Shittim. Egypt will become a waste, and Edom a desolate wilderness, 3 on account of the violence done to the children of Judah whose innocent blood they have shed in their land. And Judah will abide for ever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation. Joel 3:18-20.

From every detail here also it is evident that 'Judah' is not used to mean Judah, nor 'Jerusalem' to mean Jerusalem, but those in whom the holiness of love and charity dwells, for they are 'to abide for ever' and 'from generation to generation'.

[10] In Malachi,

Behold, I am sending My angel, who will prepare the way before Me; and suddenly there will come to His temple the Lord whom you are seeking, and the angel of the covenant in whom you delight. Then the minchah 4 of Judah and Jerusalem will be acceptable to Jehovah, as in the days of eternity, and as in former years. Malachi 3:1, 4.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord, at which time, it is clear, the minchah of Judah and Jerusalem was not acceptable to Jehovah. From this it is evident that Judah and Jerusalem mean such things as constitute the Lord's Church. The same applies wherever else Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem are mentioned in the Word. From this one may now see what is meant in Matthew by 'Judea', namely the Lord's Church, in that case when vastated.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, on a horn of a son of oil

2. literally, the young plant of His delights

3. literally, the wilderness of a waste

4. Generally rendered 'offering' in English versions of the Scriptures. It is a Hebrew word. The 'ch' in it has a hard or guttural pronunciation, as in German buch or Scottish loch.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.