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Richter 20

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1 Und alle Kinder Israel zogen aus, und die Gemeinde, von Dan bis Beerseba, und das Land Gilead versammelte sich wie ein Mann vor Jehova nach Mizpa.

2 Und die Häupter des ganzen Volkes, aller Stämme Israels, stellten sich in der Versammlung des Volkes Gottes: 400000 Mann Fußvolk, die das Schwert zogen. -

3 Und die Kinder Benjamin hörten, daß die Kinder Israel nach Mizpa hinaufgezogen waren. -Und die Kinder Israel sprachen: edet, wie ist diese Übeltat geschehen?

4 Da antwortete der levitische Mann, der Mann des ermordeten Weibes, und sprach: Ich war nach Gibea gekommen, das Benjamin gehört, ich und mein Kebsweib, um dort zu übernachten.

5 Da machten sich die Bürger von Gibea wider mich auf und umringten meinetwegen (Eig. wider mich) des Nachts das Haus. Mich gedachten sie umzubringen, und mein Kebsweib haben sie geschwächt, daß sie starb.

6 Da ergriff ich mein Kebsweib und zerstückte sie und sandte sie in das ganze Gefilde des Erbteils Israels; denn sie haben ein Verbrechen und eine Schandtat begangen in Israel.

7 Siehe, hier seid ihr allesamt, Kinder Israel: Gebet eure Meinung und euren at allhier!

8 Und das ganze Volk stand auf wie ein Mann und sprach: Wir wollen nicht gehen, ein jeder nach seinem Zelte, und nicht einkehren, ein jeder in sein Haus;

9 sondern dies ist die Sache, die wir jetzt an Gibea tun wollen: ziehen wir wider dasselbe nach dem Lose;

10 und nehmen wir zehn Männer von hundert, von allen Stämmen Israels, und hundert von tausend und tausend von zehntausend, um Zehrung für das Volk zu holen, damit, wenn sie nach Gibea-Benjamin (H. Geba-Benjamin; so auch v 33) kommen, man an ihm tue (O. damit man, bei ihrer Ankunft, an Gibea-Benjamin tue) nach all der Schandtat, die es in Israel begangen hat.

11 Und alle Männer von Israel versammelten sich gegen die Stadt, wie ein Mann verbündet.

12 Und die Stämme Israels sandten Männer in alle Geschlechter (Eig. Stämme) Benjamins und sprachen: Was ist das für eine Übeltat, die unter euch geschehen ist!

13 So gebet nun die Männer, die Söhne Belials, heraus, die in Gibea sind, daß wir sie töten und das Böse aus Israel hinwegschaffen! Aber die Kinder Benjamin wollten nicht auf die Stimme ihrer Brüder, der Kinder Israel, hören;

14 und die Kinder Benjamin versammelten sich aus den Städten nach Gibea, um auszuziehen zum Streit mit den Kindern Israel.

15 Und die Kinder Benjamin wurden an selbigem Tage aus den Städten gemustert: 26000 Mann, die das Schwert zogen; außer den Bewohnern von Gibea, die gemustert wurden: 700 auserlesene Männer.

16 Unter all diesem Volke waren 700 auserlesene Männer, die links waren; diese alle schleuderten mit dem Steine aufs Haar und fehlten nicht.

17 Und die Männer von Israel wurden gemustert, außer Benjamin: 400000 Mann, die das Schwert zogen; diese alle waren Kriegsmänner.

18 Und die Kinder Israel machten sich auf und zogen hinauf nach Bethel und befragten Gott, und sie sprachen: Wer von uns soll zuerst hinaufziehen zum Streit mit den Kindern Benjamin? Und Jehova sprach: Juda zuerst.

19 Und die Kinder Israel machten sich am Morgen auf und lagerten sich wider Gibea.

20 Und die Männer von Israel zogen aus zum Streit mit Benjamin, und die Männer von Israel stellten sich wider sie in Schlachtordnung auf bei Gibea.

21 Und die Kinder Benjamin zogen aus Gibea heraus, und sie streckten unter Israel an selbigem Tage 22000 Mann zu Boden.

22 Und es ermannte sich das Volk, die Männer von Israel, und sie stellten sich wieder in Schlachtordnung auf an dem Orte, wo sie sich am ersten Tage aufgestellt hatten.

23 Und die Kinder Israel zogen hinauf und weinten vor Jehova bis an den Abend; und sie befragten Jehova und sprachen: Soll ich wiederum ausrücken zum Streit mit den Kindern meines Bruders Benjamin? Und Jehova sprach: Ziehet wider ihn hinauf.

24 Und die Kinder Israel nahten sich den Kindern Benjamin am zweiten Tage.

25 Und Benjamin zog am zweiten Tage aus Gibea heraus, ihnen entgegen, und sie streckten nochmals unter den Kindern Israel 18000 Mann zu Boden; diese alle zogen das Schwert.

26 Da zogen alle Kinder Israel und das ganze Volk hinauf und kamen nach Bethel, und sie weinten und blieben daselbst vor Jehova und fasteten an selbigem Tage bis zum Abend; und sie opferten Brandopfer und Friedensopfer vor Jehova.

27 Und die Kinder Israel befragten Jehova-denn die Lade des Bundes Gottes war daselbst in jenen Tagen,

28 und Pinehas, der Sohn Eleasars, des Sohnes Aarons, stand vor ihr (O. ihm; d. h. übte Priesterdienst aus) in jenen Tagen-und sprachen: Soll ich wiederum ausziehen zum Streit mit den Kindern meines Bruders Benjamin, oder soll ich aufhören? Und Jehova sprach: Ziehet hinauf, denn morgen werde ich ihn in deine Hand geben.

29 Und Israel legte einen Hinterhalt gegen Gibea ringsumher.

30 Und die Kinder Israel zogen am dritten Tage hinauf wider die Kinder Benjamin und stellten sich wider Gibea auf, wie die anderen Male.

31 Und die Kinder Benjamin zogen heraus, dem Volke entgegen, wurden von der Stadt abgerissen und fingen an, etliche von dem Volke zu erschlagen, wie die anderen Male, bei dreißig Mann unter Israel, auf den Landstraßen, deren eine nach Bethel hinaufsteigt und die andere durch das Gefilde nach Gibea führt.

32 Und die Kinder Benjamin sprachen: Sie sind vor uns geschlagen wie im Anfang. Die Kinder Israel aber sprachen: Laßt uns fliehen, daß wir sie von der Stadt abreißen auf die Landstraßen!

33 Und alle Männer von Israel machten sich auf von ihrem Orte und stellten sich zu Baal-Tamar auf, während der Hinterhalt Israels von seinem Orte hervorbrach aus dem Blachfelde von Gibea. (And. l.: im Westen von Gibea)

34 Und es kamen gegen Gibea zehntausend auserlesene Männer aus ganz Israel, und der Streit wurde heftig; jene aber wußten nicht, daß das Unglück sie erreichte.

35 Und Jehova schlug Benjamin vor Israel, und die Kinder Israel streckten unter Benjamin an selbigem Tage 25100 Mann nieder; diese alle zogen das Schwert. -

36 Und die Kinder Benjamin sahen, daß sie geschlagen waren. Und die Männer von Israel gaben Benjamin aum, weil sie sich auf den Hinterhalt verließen, den sie wider Gibea gelegt hatten.

37 Und der Hinterhalt eilte und überfiel Gibea; und der Hinterhalt zog hin und schlug die ganze Stadt mit der Schärfe des Schwertes.

38 Die Männer von Israel hatten sich aber mit dem Hinterhalt verabredet, eine große auchsäule aus der Stadt emporsteigen zu lassen.

39 Und die Männer von Israel wandten sich um im Streit, und Benjamin hatte angefangen, unter den Männern von Israel etliche zu erschlagen, bei dreißig Mann; denn die sprachen: Sie sind ja gänzlich vor uns geschlagen, wie im vorigen Streit.

40 Und der Brand fing an, aus der Stadt emporzusteigen wie eine auchsäule; und Benjamin wandte sich zurück, und siehe, die ganze Stadt ging in Feuer auf gen Himmel.

41 Da wandten sich die Männer von Israel um, und die Männer von Benjamin wurden bestürzt; denn sie sahen, daß das Unglück sie erreicht hatte.

42 Und sie wandten sich vor den Männern von Israel nach dem Wege zur Wüste; aber der Streit ereilte (O. verfolgte) sie; und die aus den Städten kamen, streckten sie in ihrer Mitte nieder.

43 Sie umzingelten Benjamin, jagten ihm nach, traten ihn nieder, wo er ausruhen wollte, bis vor Gibea, gegen Sonnenaufgang.

44 Und es fielen von Benjamin 18000 Mann; diese alle waren tapfere Männer.

45 Da wandten sie sich und flohen der Wüste zu, nach dem Felsen immon; aber die Israeliten (W. aber sie) hielten unter ihnen auf den Landstraßen eine Nachlese von fünftausend Mann, und setzten ihnen nach bis Gideom und erschlugen von ihnen zweitausend Mann.

46 So waren all der von Benjamin an selbigem Tage Gefallenen 25000 Mann, die das Schwert zogen; diese alle waren tapfere Männer.

47 Sechshundert Mann aber wandten sich und flohen der Wüste zu, nach dem Felsen immon; und sie blieben am Felsen immon vier Monate. -

48 Und die Männer von Israel kehrten zu den Kindern Benjamin zurück und schlugen sie mit der Schärfe des Schwertes, von den Männern in den Städten (Eig. von der männlichen Stadtbevölkerung. (Wie 5. Mose 2,34; mit Änderung eines Vokals)) bis zum Vieh, bis zu allem, was sich vorfand; auch alle die Städte, die sich vorfanden, steckten sie in Brand.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 20

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Israel’s war with the tribe of Benjamin

The events of the previous chapter carry over into the last two chapters of the book of Judges, this one and the final one. The overall content of this chapter is about the division between Israel and the tribe of Benjamin (where the town of Gibeah was situated) and the eventual long war in which thousands on both sides died.

All Israel gathered together at Mizpah, four hundred thousand foot soldiers with swords, from every tribe, except the tribe of Benjamin who heard about the gathering. The reason for coming together, prompted by the dismembered parts of the concubine, was to decide what to do. The Levite told the story of the events. The men of Israel heard and decided that they would all immediately go up against the tribe of Benjamin, for them to hand over the perverted men of Gibeah for justice to be done and for Israel to be redeemed. They agreed to take one man out of every ten to go and, if necessary, to fight.

The spiritual meaning in this opening and gathering of Israel at Mizpah is mostly about its incompleteness. The tribe of Benjamin was not present even though Mizpah was in Benjamin’s territory. Spiritual incompleteness in us is to leave something out of our love and faithfulness to the Lord which makes each one of us a whole being. The twelve tribes of Israel stand for all the qualities which come together to form our spiritual life and purpose. (True Christian Religion 38)

The men of Israel go up and ask the Lord who should go to fight first. The reply is that Judah go first. The men of Benjamin refuse to hand the men of Gibeah over and they form an army to fight Israel. In the fighting, the men of Benjamin cut down twenty-two thousand men of Israel. Israel goes and weeps to the Lord and asks if they should go up again against their brother Benjamin. The Lord says they are to go up again.

The spiritual meaning of the tribe of Benjamin is that it stands for the ‘medium’ or the vital connection between what is internal or celestial and what is external or natural. If this connection is absent there is no passage or mutual link between these two and they are separated. This removes the completeness of our spiritual life as a whole. (See Arcana Caelestia 5822.)

Israel goes up against Benjamin on the second day and eighteen thousand men of Israel are cut down by the army of Benjamin. Israel goes to the house of the Lord and weeps, and asks if they should yet go out to fight their brother Benjamin. The Lord says that they are to fight a third time, and the He will deliver them into their hand.

Israel weeps. Weeping or crying stands for mourning the loss of something which is no longer present. In a good sense ‘weeping’ can be for the sense of loss of what is loved and what is part of us, here represented by ‘to battle the children of my brother Benjamin’.

The Lord wept over Jerusalem (Luke 19:41-44). (Arcana Caelestia 4293.3)

Israel fights on three consecutive day, and on the third day they defeat the tribe of Benjamin. ‘On the third day’ (see verse 30) stands for the need for conflict and personal states in our spiritual temptations and battles to be worked through until they are brought to an end and we can be brought out of temptation, into a new state. (Arcana Caelestia 5159)

The men of Israel laid an ambush and then went as before to fight the men of Benjamin. They moved away from them and Benjamin followed them and killed some men of Israel. The men in ambush arose and went to Gibeah and by arrangement made a great column of smoke after killing the men of the city. (Arcana Caelestia 9144) The men of Benjamin saw this and panicked, and twenty three thousand of them were slain. Six hundred men escaped and hid, and Israel went all around and destroyed men of Benjamin wherever they were found.

The spiritual meaning of this final battle is in the extent of the numbers killed and the aftermath of the victory with further killing. To ‘kill’ (or destroy) when it is used in the Word is to work completely towards the full expulsion of states, thoughts and intentions in us which are in opposition to the way of the Word and its wholeness and healing. (Arcana Caelestia 9320) This is the meaning of the term ‘vastation’ in which things which are opposed to the Lord need to be worked through and brought to an end so that a new state can come.

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Arcana Coelestia # 2788

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2788. That 'on the third day' means that which has been completed, and the beginning of sanctification, is clear from the meaning of 'the third day'. 'Day' in the Word means state, 23, 487, 488, 493, 893, as also does 'year', and as in general do all periods of time - an hour, day, week, month, year, or age; also morning, midday, evening, and night; and spring, summer, autumn, and winter. And when 'the third' is added to any of these the end of that state, and at the same time the beginning of the next, are meant. Here, the subject being the sanctification of the Lord which was effected by means of temptations, 'the third day' means that which has been completed and at the same time the beginning of sanctification, as also follows from what has been said previously to this. The reason for this meaning is that when He had fulfilled everything the Lord was to rise again on the third day, for the things that were done by the Lord while He lived in the world, that is, the things that were yet to be done by Him, were embodied within the representatives of the Church as though they had already been done. This was as it is with the internal sense of the Word, for with God that which is yet to come to pass and that which already is are one and the same; indeed to Him the whole of eternity is here and now.

[2] This is why the number three was representative not only in the Ancient Church and in the Jewish but also among various gentile nations; see what has been stated about this number in 720, 901, 1825. That such was the origin of the meaning of 'three' is clear in Hosea,

We will return to Jehovah, for He has wounded and will heal us; He has stricken and will bind us up; He will revive us after two days, on the third day He will raise us up that we may live before Him. Hosea 6:1-2.

Here 'the third day' stands for the coming of the Lord and His resurrection. The same is clear from Jonah, in that he was in the stomach of the fish three days and three nights, Jonah 1:17, to which the Lord refers in Matthew as follows,

As Jonah was in the belly of the whale three days and three nights, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Matthew 12:40.

[3] It should be realized that in the internal sense of the Word 'three days' and 'the third day' have the same meaning, as also do 'three' and 'third' in the following places: In John,

Jesus said to the Jews, Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up. He was speaking of the temple of His body. John 2:19-21; Matthew 26:61; Mark 14:58; 15:29.

It is a well known fact that the Lord rose again on the third day.

[4] For the same reason the Lord also distinguished three periods in His life: in Luke,

Go and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out demons and perform cures today and tomorrow, but on the third day I reach completion. Luke 13:32.

Also, the Lord underwent the final temptation, which was that of the Cross, at the third hour of the day, Mark 15:25. Three hours later, that is, at the sixth hour, darkness fell over the whole land, 1 Luke 23:44. And three hours after that, at the ninth hour, the end came, Mark 15:33-34, 37. But in the morning of the third day He rose again, Mark 16:1-4; Luke 24:7. See also Matthew 16:21; 17:22-23; 20:18-19; Mark 8:31; 9:31; 10:33-34; Luke 18:33; 24:46. From all this, and especially from the Lord's resurrection on the third day, the number three was representative and possessed a spiritual meaning. This fact becomes clear from the following places in the Word:

When Jehovah came down upon Mount Sinai He told Moses that he was to sanctify the people today and tomorrow and they were to wash their garments and be ready on the third day, for on the third day Jehovah would come down. Exodus 19:10-11, 15-16.

When they travelled from the mountain of Jehovah on a three days' journey, the Ark of Jehovah travelled before them on the three days' journey to search out rest for them. Numbers 10:33.

There was thick darkness for three days in all the land of Egypt, and nobody could see his brother for three days, but the children of Israel had light. Exodus 10:22-23.

[5] The flesh of a sacrifice made as a vow-offering or as a freewill-offering was to be eaten on the first and the second day; nothing was to be kept until the third day but was to be burned, because it was an abomination. So too with the flesh of a sacrifice made as a 'eucharistic' offering; if this was eaten on the third day the one offering the sacrifice would not be accepted and that soul would bear his iniquity. Leviticus 7:16-18; 19:6-7.

Anyone who touched a dead body was to purify himself on the third day, and on the seventh day he would be clean. If he did not do so that soul would be cut off from Israel. And one that was clean was to sprinkle water over the unclean person on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 19:12-13, 19.

Those who had killed someone in battle and had touched one who had been slain were to purify themselves on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 31:19.

[6] When they came into the land of Canaan the fruit of a tree was to be uncircumcised for three years and not eaten. Leviticus 19:23.

At the end of three years they were to bring every tenth part of their produce in that year and deposit it within their gates so that the Levite, the sojourner, the orphan, and the widow might eat. Deuteronomy 14:28-29; 26:12.

Three times a year they were to keep a feast to Jehovah. And three times a year every male person was to appear before the face of the Lord Jehovah. Exodus 23:14, 17; Deuteronomy 16:16.

Joshua told the people that in three days they would be crossing the Jordan and inheriting the land. Joshua 1:11; 3:2.

Jehovah called to Samuel three times and the third time he answered Him. 1 Samuel 3:8.

[7] When Saul wished to kill David, David hid in the field until the third evening. Jonathan told David, I will sound out my father on the third day from now. Jonathan said that he would shoot three arrows to the side of the stone. And David fell face to the ground, before Jonathan and bowed down three times.12, 19, 20, 35, 36, 41.

David was to choose one of these three things - either seven years of famine in the land, or his own flight before his enemies for three months, or pestilence in the land for three days. 2 Samuel 24:12-13.

[8] There was a famine in the days of David for three years, year after year. 2 Samuel 21:1.

Elijah stretched himself over the dead boy three times and revived him. 1 Kings 17:21.

When he had built the altar to Jehovah, Elijah told them to pour water over the burnt offering and over the wood three times. 1 Kings 18:34.

Fire consumed the captains of fifty sent on two occasions to Elijah, but not the one sent on the third occasion. 2 Kings 1:13-14.

It was a sign to King Hezekiah that they were to eat in that year what had grown of itself, and in the second year further growth from the same; but in the third year they were to sow, reap, plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of these. 2 Kings 19:29.

[9] Daniel went into his house and had the windows open in his [upper] chamber towards Jerusalem, where three times a day he gave thanks on his knees and prayed. Daniel 6:10, 13.

Daniel was mourning for three whole weeks, not eating pleasant bread, nor drinking wine, nor anointing himself, until the three whole weeks were completed. Daniel 10:2-3.

Isaiah went naked and barefoot three years as a sign and a portent against Egypt and against Cush. Isaiah 20:3.

Out of the Lampstand went three branches on either side, and three almond-shaped cups on each branch. Exodus 25:32-33.

In the Urim and Thummim there were three precious stones in each row. Exodus 28:17-20.

[10] In the New Temple there were to be three chambers on this side of the gate and three on that, and all three were to measure the same. And the breadth of the gate to the vestibule of the house was to be three cubits this way and three cubits that. Ezekiel 40:10, 21, 48.

In the New Jerusalem there were to be three gates to the north, three to the east, three to the south, and three to the west. Ezekiel 48:31-34; Revelation 21:13.

The same may be seen in the following places:

Peter denied Jesus three times. Matthew 26:34, 69 and following verses.

The Lord said to Peter three times, Do you love Me? John 21:17.

Also, in the parable about the man who planted a vineyard, he sent servants three times, and at length his own son. Luke 20:12; Mark 12:2, 4-6.

The labourers in the vineyard were hired at the third hour, the sixth hour, the ninth hour, and the eleventh hour. Matthew 20:1-17.

And concerning the fig tree which, because it bore no fruit for three years, was to be cut down. Luke 13:6-7.

[11] Just as a group of three and a third one were representative, so also was a third part, as in the following:

Minchahs consisted of two tenths of fine flour mixed with a third part of a hin of oil, and the wine for the drink-offering was a third of a hin. Numbers 15:6-7; Ezekiel 46:14.

In Ezekiel it is said that he was to run a razor over his head and over his beard, and then to divide his hair, burning a third part in the fire, striking a third around the city with his sword, and scattering a third to the wind. Ezekiel 5:1-2, 11.

In Zechariah it is said that in the whole land, two parts were to be cut off, and the third would be left. Yet this third would be led through fire and tested. Zechariah 13:8-9.

[12] In John it is said that when the first angel sounded there came hail, and fire mixed with blood; and it fell on to the earth so that a third part of the trees were burned. The second angel sounded and so to speak a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea. And a third part of the sea became blood resulting in the death of a third part of the creatures who had their being in the sea. And a third part of the ships was destroyed. The third angel sounded and there fell from the sky a great star burning like a torch and it fell upon a third part of the rivers. The name of the star is Wormwood. The fourth angel sounded and a third part of the sun was struck, and a third part of the moon, and a third part of the stars, so that a third part of these was blacked out, and the day had no light for a third part of it, nor likewise the night. Revelation 8:7-12.

[13] The four angels were released to kill a third part of mankind. Revelation 9:15.

A third part of mankind was killed by these three, fire, smoke, and brimstone, which went forth out of the mouths of the horses. Revelation 9:18.

The dragon drew with his tail a third part of the stars of heaven and cast them down to the earth. Revelation 12:4.

'A third part' however means something which is not yet finished, whereas 'a third' and 'a group of three' mean that which has been finished - evil in the case of the evil, good in the case of the good.

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1. or over the whole earth

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.