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Richter 18

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1 In jenen Tagen war kein König in Israel. Und in jenen Tagen suchte sich der Stamm der Daniter ein Erbteil zum Wohnen, denn bis auf jenen Tag war ihm inmitten der Stämme Israels nichts als Erbteil zugefallen.

2 Und die Kinder Dan sandten fünf Männer aus ihrem Geschlecht, aus ihrer Gesamtheit, tapfere Männer, aus Zorha und aus Eschtaol, um das Land auszukundschaften und es zu erforschen; und sie sprachen zu ihnen: Gehet hin, erforschet das Land. Und sie kamen in das Gebirge Ephraim bis zum Hause Michas, und sie übernachteten daselbst.

3 Als sie beim Hause Michas waren, erkannten sie die Stimme des Jünglings, des Leviten, und sie wandten sich dahin und sprachen zu ihm: Wer hat dich hierhergebracht, und was tust du hier, und was hast du hier?

4 Und er sprach zu ihnen: So und so hat Micha mir getan; und er hat mich gedungen, und ich bin sein (Eig. ihm zum) Priester geworden.

5 Und sie sprachen zu ihm: Befrage doch Gott, daß wir wissen, ob unser Weg, auf dem wir ziehen, gelingen wird.

6 Und der Priester sprach zu ihnen: Ziehet hin in Frieden! Vor Jehova ist euer Weg, auf dem ihr ziehet.

7 Und die fünf Männer gingen hin und kamen nach Lais; und sie sahen das Volk, das darin war, in Sicherheit wohnen, nach Art der Zidonier, ruhig und sicher; und niemand, der die Herrschaft besessen hätte im Lande, tat ihnen irgend etwas zuleide; und sie waren fern von den Zidoniern und hatten mit Menschen nichts zu schaffen. -

8 Und sie kamen zu ihren Brüdern nach Zorha und Eschtaol. Und ihre Brüder sprachen zu ihnen: Was bringet ihr?

9 Und sie sprachen: Machet euch auf, und laßt uns wider sie hinaufziehen; denn wir haben das Land besehen, und siehe, es ist sehr gut. Und ihr bleibet stille? Seid nicht träge, hinzugehen, um hineinzukommen, das Land in Besitz zu nehmen;

10 (wenn ihr kommmet, werdet ihr zu einem sicheren Volke kommen, und das Land ist geräumig nach allen Seiten hin) denn Gott hat es in eure Hand gegeben: es ist ein Ort, wo es an nichts mangelt von allem, was auf Erden ist.

11 Und es brachen von dannen auf, vom Geschlecht der Daniter, aus Zorha und aus Eschtaol, sechshundert Mann, umgürtet mit Kriegsgerät.

12 Und sie zogen hinauf und lagerten sich zu Kirjath-Jearim in Juda; daher hat man selbigen Ort Machaneh-Dan (Lager Dans) genannt bis auf diesen Tag; siehe, er ist hinter (d. h. westlich von) Kirjath-Jearim.

13 Und von dannen zogen sie weiter in das Gebirge Ephraim und kamen bis zum Hause Michas.

14 Da hoben die fünf Männer an, welche gegangen waren, das Land Lais auszukundschaften, und sprachen zu ihren Brüdern: Wisset ihr, daß in diesen Häusern Ephod und Teraphim und ein geschnitztes Bild und ein gegossenes Bild sind? Und nun wisset, was ihr tun wollt.

15 Und sie wandten sich dahin und traten in das Haus des Jünglings, des Leviten, das Haus Michas, und fragten ihn nach seinem Wohlergehen.

16 Die sechshundert mit ihrem Kriegsgerät umgürteten Männer aber, die von den Kindern Dan waren, blieben am Eingang des Tores stehen.

17 Und die fünf Männer, die gegangen waren, das Land auszukundschaften, stiegen hinauf, gingen hinein und nahmen das geschnitzte Bild und das Ephod und die Teraphim und das gegossene Bild. Und der Priester und die sechshundert Mann, die mit Kriegsgerät umgürtet waren, standen am Eingang des Tores.

18 Als jene nämlich in das Haus Michas gingen und das geschnitzte Bild, das Ephod und die Teraphim und das gegossene Bild wegnahmen, da sprach der Priester zu ihnen: Was tut ihr?

19 Und sie sprachen zu ihm: Schweige! lege deine Hand auf deinen Mund und gehe mit uns, und sei uns ein Vater und ein Priester. (Eig. zum Vater und zum Priester) Ist es besser für dich, Priester zu sein für das Haus eines einzelnen Mannes, oder Priester zu sein für einen Stamm und für ein Geschlecht in Israel?

20 Da wurde das Herz des Priesters froh, und er nahm das Ephod und die Teraphim und das geschnitzte Bild und ging mitten unter das Volk.

21 Und sie wandten sich und zogen weg und stellten die Kinder und das Vieh und die wertvollen Dinge voran.

22 Sie waren schon fern vom Hause Michas, da versammelten sich die Männer, die in den Häusern waren, die beim Hause Michas standen, und ereilten die Kinder Dan.

23 Und sie riefen den Kindern Dan zu; und diese wandten ihr Angesicht um und sprachen zu Micha: Was ist dir, daß du dich versammelt hast?

24 Und er sprach: Meine Götter, die ich gemacht hatte, habt ihr genommen und den Priester, und seid weggezogen; und was habe ich noch? und wie sprechet ihr denn zu mir: Was ist dir?

25 Aber die Kinder Dan sprachen zu ihm: Laß deine Stimme nicht bei uns hören, damit nicht Männer heftigen Gemütes über euch herfallen, und du dich und dein Haus ums Leben bringest!

26 Und die Kinder Dan zogen ihres Weges. Und als Micha sah, daß sie ihm zu stark waren, wandte er sich und kehrte in sein Haus zurück.

27 So nahmen sie, was Micha gemacht hatte, und den Priester, den er besaß. Und sie überfielen Lais, ein ruhiges und sicheres Volk, und schlugen es mit der Schärfe des Schwertes; und die Stadt verbrannten sie mit Feuer.

28 Und kein Erretter war da; denn die Stadt (W. sie) war fern von Zidon, und sie hatten nichts mit Menschen zu schaffen; und sie lag in dem Tale, das nach Beth- echob hin sich erstreckt. Und sie bauten die Stadt wieder auf und wohnten darin;

29 und sie gaben der Stadt den Namen Dan, nach dem Namen Dans, ihres Vaters, welcher dem Israel geboren wurde; dagegen war im Anfang Lais der Name der Stadt. -

30 Und die Kinder Dan richteten sich das geschnitzte Bild auf; und Jonathan, der Sohn Gersoms, des Sohnes Moses, er und seine Söhne waren Priester für den Stamm der Daniter bis auf den Tag, da das Land in Gefangenschaft geführt wurde.

31 Und sie stellten sich das geschnitzte Bild Michas auf, das er gemacht hatte, alle die Tage, da das Haus Gottes in Silo war.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 6396

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6396. 'Dan' means those who are guided by truth but not as yet by good. This is clear from the representation of 'Dan' as the good of life, dealt with in 3921, 3923, but here those who have some goodness of life, which is engendered by truth but not as yet by good. For the situation with a person who is being regenerated by the Lord is that at first truth resides with him but no goodness of life engendered by that truth. Then such goodness of life engendered by truth, though not as yet by good, does reside with him; and after that, once he has been regenerated, goodness of life engendered by good comes to reside with him, at which stage he discerns truth from the vantage point of good and multiplies that truth residing with him. These are the degrees of regeneration, and 'Dan' is used to mean those with whom goodness of life resides which is engendered by truth but not as yet by good. The good that resides with them still lies deeply concealed within that truth; yet it provides them with an affection for truth and impels them to lead a life in accordance with the truth. Such people are in the Lord's kingdom, but because they are led to do good not by good but by truth, that is, not by anything of a new will but by the understanding - thus not by love but by obedience because they are commanded so to act - they are among those in the Lord's kingdom who inhabit the first or lowest heaven. These are the people whom 'Dan' represents, for in the internal sense of the prophetic declarations made here by Israel his twelve sons serve to describe in general the essential natures of all who are in the Lord's kingdom.

[2] The habitation by those meant by 'Dan' of the lowest heaven or lowest level of the Lord's kingdom because they are guided by truth but not as yet by good was represented by the falling of the lot last for Dan when the land of Canaan was shared out as an inheritance among the tribes, Joshua 19:40-48, and by the allotment at that time of an inheritance to them in the remotest part of the land, Judges 18. For the lot was cast before Jehovah, Joshua 18:6, and therefore fell for each tribe in accordance with its representation. The land of Canaan represented the Lord's kingdom, see 1607, 3038, 3481, 3705, 3686, 4447, 4454, and all its boundaries were therefore representative, 1607, 1866, 4116, so that the outermost parts of that land represented the lowest parts of the Lord's kingdom, 4240. 'Dan' consequently represented the inhabitants of those lowest parts, for before truth has become joined to good it resides on the lowest level of that kingdom. But if truth has become entirely separated from good it does not reside within any boundary of the Lord's kingdom but is outside it.

[3] The fact that Dan's inheritance was the outermost part of the land of Canaan is clear from the fact that whenever the full extent of that land was described the expression from Beersheba even to Dan was used, 2 Samuel 3:10; 17:11; 24:15; 1 Kings 4:25. In this expression Beersheba means the inmost part of the land, for the reason that it was the place where Abraham and Isaac lived, that is, before Jerusalem and Zion had become the inmost parts of the land.

[4] The essential nature of those guided by truth but not as yet by good was also represented by the Danites who were to spy out the land in which they were to live, Judges 18. It was represented by their removal of the Levite from Micah's house and their making off with the ephod, teraphim, and carved image, by which objects is meant the worship of those guided by truth but not as yet by good. For those people venerate things of an external nature but have no interest in those of an internal nature; for things of an internal nature are discerned by none but those who are guided by good. This is what the Danites under consideration here represented, as becomes clear from the consideration that all the historical incidents in the Word, both those in the Books of Moses and those in the Books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings, are representative of the celestial and spiritual realities of the Lord's kingdom, including therefore this incident in the Book of Judges involving the Danites. As regards anything further concerning the essential nature of those guided by truth but not as yet by good, this is described in the internal sense of the things said about Dan that come next.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 2405

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2405. That 'as dawn ascended' means when the Lord's kingdom draws near is clear from the meaning of 'the dawn' or morning in the Word. Since the subject in this chapter is the successive states of a Church, what happened in the evening, then what happened during the night have been referred to first. What took place when it was twilight comes now, and further on what took place after sunrise. Twilight is expressed here by 'as dawn ascended', which means the time when the upright are separated from the evil. This separation is described in the present verse to verse 22 as Lot being brought out together with his wife and daughters and being saved. The fact that separation takes place prior to judgement is clear from the Lord's words in Matthew,

Before Him will be gathered all the nations, and He will separate them one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. Matthew 25:32.

[2] In the Word that period of time or state is called 'the dawn' because that is when the Lord comes, or what amounts to the same, when His kingdom draws near. It is similar with the good, for at that time something akin to early morning twilight or the dawn shines with them. This explains why in the Word the Lord's coming is compared to and also called 'the morning'. Its comparison to the morning is seen in Hosea,

Jehovah will revive us after two days, on the third day He will raise us up, and we shall live before Him. And we shall know, and we shall press on to know Jehovah. As the dawn is His going forth. Hosea 6:2-3.

'Two days' stands for the period of time and the state which precedes. 'Third day' stands for judgement or the Lord's coming, and so for the approach of His kingdom, 720, 901 - a coming or approach which is compared to 'the dawn'.

[3] In Samuel,

The God of Israel is like morning light, [when] the sun rises on a cloudless morning; from brightness, from rain, grass comes out of the earth. 2 Samuel 23:4.

'The God of Israel' stands for the Lord, for no other God of Israel was meant in that Church, where every single feature of that Church was representative of Him. In Joel,

The day of Jehovah is coming, for it is near, a day of darkness and thick darkness, a day of cloud and gloom, like the dawn spread over the mountains. Joel 2:1-2.

This too refers to the Lord's coming and His kingdom. The words 'a day of darkness and thick darkness' are used because at that time the good are separated from the evil, as Lot was here from the men of Sodom; and after the good have been separated the evil perish.

[4] The Lord's coming or the approach of His kingdom is not compared to the morning but actually called such, as in Daniel,

The Holy One said, For how long is the vision, the continual [burnt offering], and the desolating transgression? He said to me, Up to the evening [when it is becoming] morning two thousand three hundred times, and the Holy One will be justified. The vision of the evening and the morning which has been told is the truth. Daniel 8:13-14, 26.

'The morning' here clearly stands for the Lord's coming. In David,

Your people are free-will offerings, in the day of Your power, in the beauties of holiness, from the womb of the dawn You have the dew of Your nativity. Psalms 110:3.

The whole of this psalm refers to the Lord and His victories in temptations, which are meant by 'the day of power and the beauties of His holiness'. 'From the womb of the dawn' means Himself, thus the Divine Love from which He fought.

[5] In Zephaniah,

Jehovah is righteous in the midst of her. He will do no wrong. In the morning, in the morning He will bring His judgement to light. Zephaniah 3:5.

'morning' stands for the time and the state when judgement takes place, which is the same as the Lord's coming, and this in turn is the same as the approach of His kingdom.

[6] Since 'the morning' meant these things, Aaron and his sons, to provide the same representation, were commanded to set up a lamp and tend it from evening till morning before Jehovah, Exodus 27:21. The 'evening' referred to here is the twilight prior to morning, 2323. For a similar reason it was commanded that the fire on the altar was to be rekindled every dawn, Leviticus 6:12; also that none of the paschal lamb and the consecrated elements of sacrifices were to remain until the morning, Exodus 12:10; 23:18; 34:25; Leviticus 22:29-30; Numbers 9:12 - by which was meant that when the Lord came sacrifices would come to an end.

[7] In a general sense 'morning' is used to describe both the time when dawn breaks and the time when the sun rises. 'morning' in this case stands for judgement in regard to the good as well as on the evil, as in the present chapter - 'The sun had gone forth over the earth and Lot came to Zoar; and Jehovah rained on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire', verses 23-24. It in like manner stands for judgement on the evil, in David,

In the mornings I will destroy all the wicked of the land, to cut off from the city of Jehovah all workers of iniquity. Psalms 101:8.

And in Jeremiah,

Let that man be like the cities which Jehovah overthrew, and He does not repent; and let him hear a cry in the morning. Jeremiah 20:16.

[8] Seeing that 'the morning' in the proper sense means the Lord, His coming, and so the approach of His kingdom, what else is meant by 'the morning' becomes clear, namely the rise of a new Church, for that Church is the Lord's kingdom on earth. That kingdom is meant both in a general and in a particular sense, and indeed in a specific sense, the general being when any Church on earth is established anew; the particular, when a person is being regenerated and becoming a new man, for the Lord's kingdom is in that case being established in him and he is becoming the Church; and the specific, as often as good flowing from love and faith is at work with him, for this is what constitutes the Lord's coming. Consequently the Lord's resurrection on the third morning, Mark 16:2, 9; Luke 24:1; John 20:1, embodies in the particular and the specific senses the truth that He rises daily, indeed every single moment, in the minds of regenerate persons.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.