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Exode 34

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1 Et l'Eternel dit à Moïse : aplanis-toi deux Tables de pierre comme les premières, et j'écrirai sur elles les paroles qui étaient sur les premières Tables que tu as rompues.

2 Et sois prêt au matin, et monte au matin en la montagne de Sinaï, et présente-toi là devant moi sur le haut de la montagne.

3 Mais que personne ne monte avec toi, et même que personne ne paraisse sur toute la montagne; et que ni menu ni gros bétail ne paisse contre cette montagne.

4 Moïse donc aplanit deux Tables de pierre comme les premières, et se leva de bon matin, et monta sur la montagne de Sinaï, comme l'Eternel le lui avait commandé, et il prit en sa main les deux Tables de pierre.

5 Et l'Eternel descendit dans la nuée, et s'arrêta là avec lui, et cria le nom de l'Eternel.

6 Comme donc l'Eternel passait par devant lui, il cria : l'Eternel, l'Eternel,le [Dieu] Fort, pitoyable, miséricordieux, tardif à colère, abondant en gratuité et en vérité.

7 Gardant la gratuité jusqu’en mille [générations], ôtant l'iniquité, le crime, et le péché, qui ne tient point le coupable pour innocent, et qui punit l'iniquité des pères sur les enfants, et sur les enfants des enfants, jusqu’à la troisième et à la quatrième [génération];

8 Et Moïse se hâtant baissa la tête contre terre, et se prosterna.

9 Et dit : ô Seigneur! je te prie, si j'ai trouvé grâce devant tes yeux, que le Seigneur marche maintenant au milieu de nous; car c'est un peuple de col roide; pardonne donc nos iniquités et notre péché, et nous possède.

10 Et il répondit : voici, moi qui traite alliance devant tout ton peuple, je ferai des merveilles qui n'ont point été faites en toute la terre, ni en aucune nation, et tout le peuple au milieu duquel tu [es], verra l'œuvre de l'Eternel, car ce que je m'en vais faire avec toi, sera une chose terrible.

11 Garde soigneusement ce que je te commande aujourd'hui. Voici, je m'en vais chasser de devant toi les Amorrhéens, les Cananéens, les Héthiens, les Phérésiens, les Héviens, et les Jébusiens.

12 Donne-toi de garde de traiter alliance avec les habitants du pays auquel tu vas entrer, de peur que peut-être ils ne soient un piège au milieu de toi.

13 Mais vous démolirez leurs autels, vous briserez leurs statues, et vous couperez leurs bocages.

14 Car tu ne te prosterneras point devant un autre [Dieu], parce que l'Eternel se nomme le [Dieu] jaloux; c'est le [Dieu] Fort qui est jaloux.

15 Afin qu'il n'arrive que tu traites alliance avec les habitants du pays; et que quand ils viendront à paillarder après leurs dieux, et à sacrifier à leurs dieux, quelqu'un ne t'invite, et que tu ne manges de son sacrifice.

16 Et que tu ne prennes de leurs filles pour tes fils, lesquelles paillardant après leurs dieux, feront paillarder tes fils après leurs dieux.

17 Tu ne te feras aucun dieu de fonte.

18 Tu garderas la fête solennelle des pains sans levain; tu mangeras les pains sans levain pendant sept jours, comme je t'ai commandé, en la saison du mois auquel les épis mûrissent; car au mois que les épis mûrissent, tu es sorti du pays d'Egypte.

19 Tout ce qui ouvrira la matrice sera à moi; et même le premier mâle qui naîtra de toutes les bêtes, tant du gros que du menu bétail.

20 Mais tu rachèteras avec un agneau ou un chevreau le premier-né d'un âne. Si tu ne le rachètes, tu lui couperas le cou. Tu rachèteras tout premier-né de tes fils; et nul ne se présentera devant ma face à vide.

21 Tu travailleras six jours, mais au septième tu te reposeras; tu te reposeras au temps du labourage, et de la moisson.

22 Tu feras la fête solennelle des semaines au temps des premiers fruits de la moisson du froment; et la fête solennelle de la récolte à la fin de l'année.

23 Trois fois l'an tout mâle d'entre vous comparaîtra devant le Dominateur, l'Eternel, le Dieu d'Israël.

24 Car je déposséderai les nations de devant toi, et j'étendrai tes limites; et nul ne convoitera ton pays lorsque tu monteras pour comparaître trois fois l'an devant l'Eternel ton Dieu.

25 Tu n'offriras point le sang de mon sacrifice avec du pain levé; on ne gardera rien du sacrifice de la fête solennelle de la Pâque jusqu’au matin.

26 Tu apporteras les prémices des premiers fruits de la terre dans la maison de l'Eternel ton Dieu. Tu ne feras point cuire le chevreau au lait de sa mère.

27 L'Eternel dit aussi à Moïse : écris ces paroles; car suivant la teneur de ces paroles j'ai traité alliance avec toi et avec Israël.

28 Et [Moïse] demeura là avec l'Eternel quarante jours et quarante nuits, sans manger de pain, et sans boire d'eau; et [l'Eternel] écrivit sur les Tables les paroles de l'alliance, [c'est-à-dire], les dix paroles.

29 Or il arriva que lorsque Moïse descendait de la montagne de Sinaï, tenant en sa main les deux Tables du Témoignage, lors, [dis-je], qu'il descendait de la montagne, il ne s'aperçut point que la peau de son visage était devenue resplendissante pendant qu'il parlait avec Dieu.

30 Mais Aaron et tous les enfants d'Israël ayant vu Moïse, et s'étant aperçus que la peau de son visage était resplendissante, ils craignirent d'approcher de lui.

31 Mais Moïse les appela, et Aaron et tous les principaux de l'assemblée retournèrent vers lui; et Moïse parla avec eux.

32 Après quoi tous les enfants d'Israël s'approchèrent, et il leur commanda toutes les choses que l'Eternel lui avait dites sur la montagne de Sinaï.

33 Ainsi Moïse acheva de leur parler : or il avait mis un voile sur son visage.

34 Et quand Moïse entrait vers l'Eternel pour parler avec lui, il ôtait le voile jusqu’à ce qu'il sortait; et étant sorti, il disait aux enfants d'Israël ce qui lui avait été commandé.

35 Or les enfants d'Israël avaient vu que le visage de Moïse, la peau, [dis-je], de son visage était resplendissante c'est pourquoi Moïse remettait le voile sur son visage, jusques à ce qu'il retournât pour parler avec l'Eternel.

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 6752

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6752. 'And she called his name Moses' means the essential nature of the state then. This is clear from the meaning of 'name' and 'calling the name as the essential nature, dealt with in 144, 145, 1754, 1896, 2009, 2714, 3006, 3421, 6674, at this point the essential nature of a state because when someone's name is mentioned, that particular name used then means the state, 1946, 2643, 3422, 4298. This essential nature of a state that is meant is the nature of the state of the law of God as it was in the beginning with the Lord, and the nature of the state of God's truth as it is in the beginning with a person who is being regenerated. There are two people primarily who represent the Lord with respect to the Word, namely Moses and Elijah. Moses represents the Lord with respect to the historical books, Elijah with respect to the Prophets. In addition to those two there is Elisha, and lastly John the Baptist, who is therefore the one who is meant by 'the Elijah who is to come', Matthew 17:10-13; Luke 1:17. But before one can show that Moses represents the law of God, one must say what the law of God is. In a broad sense God's law means the whole Word; in a narrower sense it means the historical section of the Word; in a restricted sense it means what was written through Moses; and in a very restricted sense it means the Ten Commandments written upon Mount Sinai on tablets of stone. Moses represents the law in the narrower sense as well as in the restricted sense and also in the very restricted.

[2] In a broad sense the Law is the whole Word, both the historical section and the prophetical part. This is clear in John,

We have heard from the Law that the Christ (the Messiah) remains forever. John 12:34.

The fact that 'the Law' here is used to mean the prophetical part as well is self-evident, for this is a reference to what is written in Isaiah 9:6-7; in David, Psalms 110:4; and in Daniel 7:13-14. In the same gospel,

In order that the Word written in the Law might be fulfilled, They hated Me without a cause. John 15:25.

Much the same applies here, for it is a reference to what is written in David, Psalms 35:19. In Matthew,

Truly I say to you, Even until heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one small part of a letter will not pass from the Law till all things are done. Matthew 5:18.

Here 'the Law' in a broad sense stands for the whole Word.

[3] The Law in a narrower sense is the historical section of the Word. This is clear in Matthew,

All things whatever you wish people to do to you, do also to them; for this is the Law and the Prophets. Matthew 7:12.

Here the Word is divided into 'the Law' and 'the Prophets'; and as the Word has been divided into the historical section and the prophetical part, it follows that 'the Law' is used to mean the historical section of the Word, and 'the Prophets' to mean the prophetical part. A similar example occurs in the same gospel,

On these two commandments hang the Law and the Prophets. Matthew 22:40.

And in Luke,

The Law and the Prophets were until John. Since that time the kingdom of God is proclaimed. Luke 16:16; Matthew 11:13.

[4] In a restricted sense the Law is the Word that was written through Moses. This is clear in Moses,

When Moses had finished writing the words of this Law in a book, even until he had completed them, Moses commanded the Levites carrying the ark of Jehovah, saying, Take the book of this Law, and put it at the side of the ark of the covenant of Jehovah your God. Deuteronomy 31:14-26.

'The book of the Law' stands for the Books of Moses. In the same book,

If you do not take care to do all the words of this Law which are written in this book, Jehovah will send 1 upon you every sickness and every plague that is not written in the book of this Law, until you are destroyed. Deuteronomy 28:58, 61.

The meaning is similar here. In David,

In the Law of Jehovah is his delight, and in His Law he meditates day and night. Psalms 1:2.

'The Law of Jehovah' stands for the Books of Moses, for the prophetical books had not yet been written; nor had the historical books apart from the Book of Joshua and the Book of Judges. In addition this restricted meaning of 'the Law' occurs in places containing the expression 'the Law of Moses', which are dealt with immediately below.

[5] In a very restricted sense the Law is the Ten Commandments written upon Mount Sinai on the tablets of stone, as is well known, see Joshua 8:32. This Law is also called the Testimony, Exodus 25:16, 21.

[6] Moses represents the Law in the narrower sense, which is the historical section of the Word, also the Law in the restricted sense, and in the very restricted sense too. This is clear from those places in the Word in which the name Moses is used instead of the Law, and those in which the Law is called the Law of Moses, as in Luke,

Abraham said to him, They have Moses and the Prophets, let them hear them. If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be persuaded if someone rises from the dead. Luke 16:29, 31.

Here 'Moses and the Prophets' has the same meaning as 'the Law and the Prophets', which is the historical section and the prophetical part of the Word. From this it is evident that 'Moses' is the Law or historical section of the Word. In the same gospel,

Jesus beginning at Moses and all the prophets explained in all the scriptures the things that concerned Himself. Luke 24:27.

In the same chapter,

All things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms concerning Me. Luke 24:44.

In John,

Philip said, We have found him of whom Moses wrote in the Law - Jesus. John 1:45.

In the same gospel,

In the Law Moses commanded us. John 8:5.

In Daniel,

The curse and the oath which was written in the Law of Moses the servant of God has come down onto us, because we have sinned against Him. As it is written in the Law of Moses, All this evil has come upon us. Daniel 9:11, 13.

In Joshua,

Joshua wrote on the stone of the altar a copy of the Law of Moses. Joshua 8:32.

[7] The expression 'the Law of Moses' is used because Moses represents the Lord with respect to the Law, that is, the Word, and in a narrower sense the historical section of the Word. This explains why what is the Lord's is ascribed to Moses, as in John,

Moses gave you the Law, Moses gave you circumcision. If a man (homo) receives circumcision on the sabbath, so that the Law of Moses may not be broken... John 7:19, 22-23.

In Mark,

Moses said, Honour your father and your mother. Mark 7:10.

In the same gospel,

Jesus answering said to them, What did Moses command you? They said, Moses permitted him to write a certificate of divorce, and to put her away. Mark 10:3-4.

And because what is the Lord's is ascribed to Moses on account of his representation, both 'the Law of Moses' and 'the Law of the Lord' are used in Luke,

When the days of their purification according to the Law of Moses were completed, they brought Him to Jerusalem to present Him to the Lord (as it has been written in the Law of the Lord, that every male opening the womb is to be called holy to the Lord) and to offer a sacrifice according to what has been stated in the Law of the Lord, A pair of turtle doves and two young pigeons. Luke 2:22-24, 39.

[8] Because Moses represented the Law he was allowed to go in to the Lord on Mount Sinai, not only to receive there the tablets containing the Law but also to hear the statutes and judgements belonging to the Law, and to enjoin these commands on the people. It is also said that the people should therefore believe in Moses forever,

Jehovah said to Moses, Behold, I will come to you in a thick cloud, so that the people may hear when I speak to you, and also may believe in you forever. Exodus 19:9.

The expression 'in a thick cloud' is used because 'cloud' means the letter of the Word. Here also is the reason why it says, when Moses went in to the Lord on Mount Sinai, that he went 'into the cloud', Exodus 20:21; 14:2, 18; 34:2-5. For the meaning of 'the cloud' as the literal sense of the Word, see the Preface to Genesis 18, and also 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end).

[9] And since Moses represented the Law or the Word, it also says that when he came down from Mount Sinai the skin on his face shone whenever he spoke, and so he would put a veil over his face, Exodus 34:28-end. 'The shining of his face' meant the inner spirit of the Law, for this dwells in the light of heaven and is therefore called the glory, 5922. While 'the veil' meant the outward form of the Law. The reason why he veiled his face whenever he spoke to the people was that the inner spirit was concealed from them, and had become so obscure to that people that they could not bear any light from it. For the meaning of 'the face' as that which is internal, see 1999, 2434, 3527, 7577, 4066, 4796-4805, 5102, 5695. Since 'Moses' represented the Lord with respect to the historical section of the Word and 'Elijah' represented the Lord with respect to the prophetical part, Moses and Elijah were therefore seen talking to the Lord at His transfiguration, Matthew 17:3. No others except those who represented the Word could have talked to the Lord when He manifested His Divinity in the world; for talking to the Lord is done through the Word. Regarding Elijah's representation of the Lord with respect to the Word, see 1762, 5247 (end).

[10] And since these two together, both Moses and Elijah, represented the whole Word, both are mentioned in Malachi where the sending of Elijah before the Lord is referred to,

Remember the Law of Moses, My servant, which I commanded him in Horeb for all Israel - the statutes and judgements. Lo, I am sending you Elijah the prophet before the great and terrifying day of Jehovah comes. Malachi 4:4-6.

These words imply that one was to go before who was to announce the [Lord's] Coming, in accordance with the Word.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Following the Latin version of Sebastian Schmidt Swedenborg adds a word meaning secretly, which does not represent any word in the Hebrew.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Daniel 9

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1 In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes, who was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans,

2 in the first year of his reign I, Daniel, understood by the books the number of the years about which the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah the prophet, for the accomplishing of the desolations of Jerusalem, even seventy years.

3 I set my face to the Lord God, to seek by prayer and petitions, with fasting and sackcloth and ashes.

4 I prayed to Yahweh my God, and made confession, and said, Oh, Lord, the great and dreadful God, who keeps covenant and loving kindness with those who love him and keep his commandments,

5 we have sinned, and have dealt perversely, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even turning aside from your precepts and from your ordinances;

6 neither have we listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land.

7 Lord, righteousness belongs to you, but to us confusion of face, as at this day; to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, who are near, and who are far off, through all the countries where you have driven them, because of their trespass that they have trespassed against you.

8 Lord, to us belongs confusion of face, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you.

9 To the Lord our God belong mercies and forgiveness; for we have rebelled against him;

10 neither have we obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God, to walk in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets.

11 Yes, all Israel have transgressed your law, turning aside, that they should not obey your voice: therefore the curse and the oath written in the law of Moses the servant of God has been poured out on us; for we have sinned against him.

12 He has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us, and against our judges who judged us, by bringing on us a great evil; for under the whole sky, such has not been done as has been done to Jerusalem.

13 As it is written in the law of Moses, all this evil is come on us: yet have we not entreated the favor of Yahweh our God, that we should turn from our iniquities, and have discernment in your truth.

14 Therefore has Yahweh watched over the evil, and brought it on us; for Yahweh our God is righteous in all his works which he does, and we have not obeyed his voice.

15 Now, Lord our God, who has brought your people forth out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and have gotten yourself renown, as at this day; we have sinned, we have done wickedly.

16 Lord, according to all your righteousness, let your anger and please let your wrath be turned away from your city Jerusalem, your holy mountain; because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a reproach to all who are around us.

17 Now therefore, our God, listen to the prayer of your servant, and to his petitions, and cause your face to shine on your sanctuary that is desolate, for the Lord's sake.

18 My God, turn your ear, and hear; open your eyes, and see our desolations, and the city which is called by your name: for we do not present our petitions before you for our righteousness, but for your great mercies' sake.

19 Lord, hear; Lord, forgive; Lord, listen and do; don't defer, for your own sake, my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.

20 While I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before Yahweh my God for the holy mountain of my God;

21 yes, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening offering.

22 He instructed me, and talked with me, and said, Daniel, I am now come forth to give you wisdom and understanding.

23 At the beginning of your petitions the commandment went forth, and I have come to tell you; for you are greatly beloved: therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision.

24 Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.

25 Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks: it shall be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times.

26 After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One shall be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince who shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and its end shall be with a flood, and even to the end shall be war; desolations are determined.

27 He shall make a firm covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease; and on the wing of abominations [shall come] one who makes desolate; and even to the full end, and that determined, shall [wrath] be poured out on the desolate.

   

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