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Ézéchiel 18

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1 La parole de l'Eternel me fut adressée, en ces mots:

2 Pourquoi dites-vous ce proverbe dans le pays d'Israël: Les pères ont mangé des raisins verts, et les dents des enfants en ont été agacées?

3 Je suis vivant! dit le Seigneur, l'Eternel, vous n'aurez plus lieu de dire ce proverbe en Israël.

4 Voici, toutes les âmes sont à moi; l'âme du fils comme l'âme du père, l'une et l'autre sont à moi; l'âme qui pèche, c'est celle qui mourra.

5 L'homme qui est juste, qui pratique la droiture et la justice,

6 qui ne mange pas sur les montagnes et ne lève pas les yeux vers les idoles de la maison d'Israël, qui ne déshonore pas la femme de son prochain et ne s'approche pas d'une femme pendant son impureté,

7 qui n'opprime personne, qui rend au débiteur son gage, qui ne commet point de rapines, qui donne son pain à celui qui a faim et couvre d'un vêtement celui qui est nu,

8 qui ne prête pas à intérêt et ne tire point d'usure, qui détourne sa main de l'iniquité et juge selon la vérité entre un homme et un autre,

9 qui suit mes lois et observe mes ordonnances en agissant avec fidélité, celui-là est juste, il vivra, dit le Seigneur, l'Eternel.

10 S'il a un fils qui soit violent, qui répande le sang, ou qui commette quelque chose de semblable;

11 si ce fils n'imite en rien la conduite de son père, s'il mange sur les montagnes, s'il déshonore la femme de son prochain,

12 s'il opprime le malheureux et l'indigent, s'il commet des rapines, s'il ne rend pas le gage, s'il lève les yeux vers les idoles et fait des abominations,

13 S'il prête à intérêt et tire une usure, ce fils-là vivrait! Il ne vivra pas; il a commis toutes ces abominations; qu'il meure! que son sang retombe sur lui!

14 Mais si un homme a un fils qui voie tous les péchés que commet son père, qui les voie et n'agisse pas de la même manière;

15 si ce fils ne mange pas sur les montagnes et ne lève pas les yeux vers les idoles de la maison d'Israël, s'il ne déshonore pas la femme de son prochain,

16 s'il n'opprime personne, s'il ne prend point de gage, s'il ne commet point de rapines, s'il donne son pain à celui qui a faim et couvre d'un vêtement celui qui est nu,

17 s'il détourne sa main de l'iniquité, s'il n'exige ni intérêt ni usure, s'il observe mes ordonnances et suit mes lois, celui-là ne mourra pas pour l'iniquité de son père; il vivra.

18 C'est son père, qui a été un oppresseur, qui a commis des rapines envers les autres, qui a fait au milieu de son peuple ce qui n'est pas bien, c'est lui qui mourra pour son iniquité.

19 Vous dites: Pourquoi le fils ne porte-t-il pas l'iniquité de son père? C'est que le fils a agi selon la droiture et la justice, c'est qu'il a observé et mis en pratique toutes mes lois; il vivra.

20 L'âme qui pèche, c'est celle qui mourra. Le fils ne portera pas l'iniquité de son père, et le père ne portera pas l'iniquité de son fils. La justice du juste sera sur lui, et la méchanceté du méchant sera sur lui.

21 Si le méchant revient de tous les péchés qu'il a commis, s'il observe toutes mes lois et pratique la droiture et la justice, il vivra, il ne mourra pas.

22 Toutes les transgressions qu'il a commises seront oubliées; il vivra, à cause de la justice qu'il a pratiquée.

23 Ce que je désire, est-ce que le méchant meure? dit le Seigneur, l'Eternel. N'est-ce pas qu'il change de conduite et qu'il vive?

24 Si le juste se détourne de sa justice et commet l'iniquité, s'il imite toutes les abominations du méchant, vivra-t-il? Toute sa justice sera oubliée, parce qu'il s'est livré à l'iniquité et au péché; à cause de cela, il mourra.

25 Vous dites: La voie du Seigneur n'est pas droite. Ecoutez donc, maison d'Israël! Est-ce ma voie qui n'est pas droite? Ne sont-ce pas plutôt vos voies qui ne sont pas droites?

26 Si le juste se détourne de sa justice et commet l'iniquité, et meurt pour cela, il meurt à cause de l'iniquité qu'il a commise.

27 Si le méchant revient de sa méchanceté et pratique la droiture et la justice, il fera vivre son âme.

28 S'il ouvre les yeux et se détourne de toutes les transgressions qu'il a commises, il vivra, il ne mourra pas.

29 La maison d'Israël dit: La voie du Seigneur n'est pas droite. Est-ce ma voie qui n'est pas droite, maison d'Israël? Ne sont-ce pas plutôt vos voies qui ne sont pas droites?

30 C'est pourquoi je vous jugerai chacun selon ses voies, maison d'Israël, dit le Seigneur, l'Eternel. Revenez et détournez-vous de toutes vos transgressions, afin que l'iniquité ne cause pas votre ruine.

31 Rejetez loin de vous toutes les transgressions par lesquelles vous avez péché; faites-vous un coeur nouveau et un esprit nouveau. Pourquoi mourriez-vous, maison d'Israël?

32 Car je ne désire pas la mort de celui qui meurt, dit le Seigneur, l'Eternel. Convertissez-vous donc, et vivez.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 946

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946. For Thy judgments have been made manifest, signifies that Divine truths have been revealed to them. This is evident from the signification of "judgments," as being Divine truths (of which presently); also from the signification of "made manifest," as being to be revealed. That Divine truths are revealed at the end of the church, and that they have been revealed, will be shown in what follows in this chapter, because this is there treated of. "Judgments" signify Divine truths because the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are called "judgments;" while the laws of government in His celestial kingdom are called "justice." For the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are laws from the Divine truth; while the laws of government in the Lord's celestial kingdom are laws from the Divine good. This is why "judgment" and "justice" are mentioned in the Word, in the following passages. In Isaiah:

Of peace there shall be no end upon the throne of David, to establish it, and to uphold it in judgment and in justice from henceforth and to eternity (Isaiah 9:7).

This is said of the Lord and His kingdom. His spiritual kingdom is signified by "the throne of David;" and because this kingdom is in Divine truths from Divine good it is said, "in judgment and in justice."

In Jeremiah:

I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and He shall reign King, and He shall act intelligently, and shall do judgment and justice (Jeremiah 23:5).

This, too, is said of the Lord, and of His spiritual kingdom. And as this kingdom is in Divine truths from Divine good it is said, "He shall reign king, and shall act intelligently, and He shall do judgment and justice." The Lord is called "King," from Divine truth; and as Divine truth is also Divine intelligence it is said that "He shall act intelligently." And as the Divine truth is from the Divine good it is said that "He shall do judgment and justice."

[2] In Isaiah:

Jehovah is exalted, for He dwelleth on high, He hath filled Zion with judgment and justice (Isaiah 33:5).

"Zion" means heaven and the church, where the Lord reigns by the Divine truth; and as all the Divine truth is from the Divine good it is said, "He hath filled Zion with judgment and justice."

In Jeremiah:

I Jehovah doing judgment and justice in the earth; for in these things I am well pleased (Jeremiah 9:24).

Here, too, "judgment and justice" signify the Divine truth from the Divine good.

In Isaiah:

They ask of me the judgments of justice, they long for an approach unto God (5 Isaiah 58:2).

The "judgments of justice" are Divine truths from the Divine good, as are "judgment and justice;" for the spiritual sense conjoins things that the sense of the letter separates.

In Hosea:

I will betroth thee unto Me forever; and I will betroth thee unto Me in justice and in judgment and in mercy and in truth (Hosea 2:19, 20).

This treats of the Lord's celestial kingdom, which consists of those who are in love to the Lord; and as the Lord's conjunction with such is comparatively like the conjunction of a husband with a wife, for so does the good of love conjoin, it is said, "I will betroth thee unto Me in justice and in judgment," "justice" being put here in the first place, and "judgment" in the second, because those who are in the good of love to the Lord are also in truths; for they see truths from good. As "justice" is predicated of good, and "judgment" of truth, it is also said, "in mercy and in truth," "mercy" belonging to good, because it is of love.

[3] In David:

Jehovah is in the heavens. Thy justice is like the mountains of God, and Thy judgments are like the great deep (Psalms 36:5-6).

"Justice" is predicated of the Divine good, and is therefore compared to "the mountains of God;" for "mountains of God" signify the goods of love (See above, n. 405, 510, 850); and "judgments" are predicated of Divine truths, and are therefore compared to "the great deep;" for "the great deep" signifies the Divine truth. From this it can now be seen that "judgments" signify Divine truths.

[4] In many passages in the Word, "judgments," "commandments," and "statutes" are mentioned; and "judgments" there signify civil laws, "commandments" the laws of spiritual life, and "statutes" the laws of worship. That "judgments" signify civil laws, is evident from Exodus (21, 22, 23), where the things commanded are called "judgments" because according to them the judges gave judgments in the gates of the city; nevertheless they signify Divine truths, such as are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens, for they contain these in the spiritual sense; as can be (Arcana Coelestia 8971-9103) seen (Arcana Coelestia 9124-9231) from (Arcana Coelestia 9247-9348) the explanation of them in the Arcana Coelestia 8971-9103, 9124-9231, 9247-9348). That the laws given to the sons of Israel were called "judgments, "commandments," and "statutes," can be seen from the following passages.

In Moses:

I will speak unto thee all the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them (Deuteronomy 5:31).

In the same:

These are the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which Jehovah your God commanded to teach you (Deuteronomy 6:1).

In the same:

Therefore thou shalt keep the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which I command thee this day, to do them (Deuteronomy 7:11).

In David:

If his sons forsake My law and walk not in My judgments, if they profane My statutes and keep not My commandments, then will I visit their transgression with the rod (Psalms 89:30-32).

So in many other places, as Leviticus 18:5; 19:37; 20:22; 25:18; 26:15; Deuteronomy 4:1; 5:1, 6, 7; 17:19; 26:17; Ezekiel 5:6, 7; 11:12, 20; 18:9; 20:11, 13, 25; 37:24. In these passages "commandments" mean the laws of life, especially those contained in the Decalogue, which are therefore called the Ten Commandments; while "statutes" mean the laws of worship which related especially to sacrifices and holy ministrations; and "judgments" mean civil laws; and as these laws were representative of spiritual laws, they signify such Divine truths as are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens.

[5] It follows from this that when man shuns and turns away from evils as sins and is raised up into heaven by the Lord, he is no longer in what is his own (proprium), but in the Lord, and thus he thinks and wills goods. Again, since man acts as he thinks and wills, for every act of man proceeds from the thought of his will, it follows that when he shuns and turns away from evils, he does goods from the Lord and not from self; and this is why shunning evils is doing goods. The goods that a man then does are meant by good works; and good works in their whole complex are meant by charity. Man cannot be reformed unless he thinks, wills, and does as if from himself, since that which is done as if by the man himself is conjoined to him and remains with him, while that which is not done by the man as if from himself, not being received in any life of sense, flows through like ether; and this is why the Lord wills that man should not only shun and turn away from evils as if of himself, but should also think, will, and do as if of himself, and yet acknowledge in heart, that all these things are from the Lord. This he must acknowledge because it is the truth.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.