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Exode 5

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1 Moïse et Aaron se rendirent ensuite auprès de Pharaon, et lui dirent: Ainsi parle l'Eternel, le Dieu d'Israël: Laisse aller mon peuple, pour qu'il célèbre au désert une fête en mon honneur.

2 Pharaon répondit: Qui est l'Eternel, pour que j'obéisse à sa voix, en laissant aller Israël? Je ne connais point l'Eternel, et je ne laisserai point aller Israël.

3 Ils dirent: Le Dieu des Hébreux nous est apparu. Permets-nous de faire trois journées de marche dans le désert, pour offrir des sacrifices à l'Eternel, afin qu'il ne nous frappe pas de la peste ou de l'épée.

4 Et le roi d'Egypte leur dit: Moïse et Aaron, pourquoi détournez-vous le peuple de son ouvrage? Allez à vos travaux.

5 Pharaon dit: Voici, ce peuple est maintenant nombreux dans le pays, et vous lui feriez interrompre ses travaux!

6 Et ce jour même, Pharaon donna cet ordre aux inspecteurs du peuple et aux commissaires:

7 Vous ne donnerez plus comme auparavant de la paille au peuple pour faire des briques; qu'ils aillent eux-mêmes se ramasser de la paille.

8 Vous leur imposerez néanmoins la quantité de briques qu'ils faisaient auparavant, vous n'en retrancherez rien; car ce sont des paresseux; voilà pourquoi ils crient, en disant: Allons offrir des sacrifices à notre Dieu!

9 Que l'on charge de travail ces gens, qu'ils s'en occupent, et ils ne prendront plus garde à des paroles de mensonge.

10 Les inspecteurs du peuple et les commissaires vinrent dire au peuple: Ainsi parle Pharaon: Je ne vous donne plus de paille;

11 allez vous-mêmes vous procurer de la paille où vous en trouverez, car l'on ne retranche rien de votre travail.

12 Le peuple se répandit dans tout le pays d'Egypte, pour ramasser du chaume au lieu de paille.

13 Les inspecteurs les pressaient, en disant: Achevez votre tâche, jour par jour, comme quand il y avait de la paille.

14 On battit même les commissaires des enfants d'Israël, établis sur eux par les inspecteurs de Pharaon: Pourquoi, disait-on, n'avez-vous pas achevé hier et aujourd'hui, comme auparavant, la quantité de briques qui vous avait été fixée?

15 Les commissaires des enfants d'Israël allèrent se plaindre à Pharaon, et lui dirent: Pourquoi traites-tu ainsi tes serviteurs?

16 On ne donne point de paille à tes serviteurs, et l'on nous dit: Faites des briques! Et voici, tes serviteurs sont battus, comme si ton peuple était coupable.

17 Pharaon répondit: Vous êtes des paresseux, des paresseux! Voilà pourquoi vous dites: Allons offrir des sacrifices à l'Eternel!

18 Maintenant, allez travailler; on ne vous donnera point de paille, et vous livrerez la même quantité de briques.

19 Les commissaires des enfants d'Israël virent qu'on les rendait malheureux, en disant: Vous ne retrancherez rien de vos briques; chaque jour la tâche du jour.

20 En sortant de chez Pharaon, ils rencontrèrent Moïse et Aaron qui les attendaient.

21 Ils leur dirent: Que l'Eternel vous regarde, et qu'il juge! Vous nous avez rendus odieux à Pharaon et à ses serviteurs, vous avez mis une épée dans leurs mains pour nous faire périr.

22 Moïse retourna vers l'Eternel, et dit: Seigneur, pourquoi as-tu fait du mal à ce peuple? pourquoi m'as-tu envoyé?

23 Depuis que je suis allé vers Pharaon pour parler en ton nom, il fait du mal à ce peuple, et tu n'as point délivré ton peuple.

   

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Aaron

The Third Plague of Egypt, by William de Brailes, illustrates the flies, or gnats, rising from the dust.

This page from Walters manuscript W.106 depicts a scene from Exodus, in which God rained plagues upon Egypt. After plagues of blood and frogs, Pharaoh hardened his heart again and would not let the Israelites leave Egypt. God told Moses to tell Aaron to stretch forth his rod and strike the dust of the earth that it may become gnats throughout the land of Egypt. Here, Moses, horned (a sign of his encounter with divinity), carries the rod, while Aaron, wearing the miter of a priest, stands behind him. The gnats arise en masse out of the dust from which they were made and attack Pharaoh, seated and crowned, and his retinue.

Aaron was the brother of Moses. He symbolizes two things, at different stages of the story.

During the first part of the exodus, when he was Moses' spokesperson, Moses represents the Word as it truly is, as it is understood in heaven, while Aaron represents the Word in its external sense, as it is understood by people in the world. This is why Aaron talks for Moses, and the Lord says of him "he shall be as a mouth for you, and you shall be to him as God." (Exodus 4:16)

Later, after the Tabernacle was built and he was inaugurated as high priest (see Leviticus 8,9), Aaron represents the Lord as to the Divine Good, and Moses represents the Lord as to the Divine Truth.

In Exodus 28:1, Aaron signifies the conjunction of Divine Good with Divine Truth in the Divine Human of the Lord. (Arcana Coelestia 9806, 9936)

In Exodus 32:1, Aaron represents the external of the Word, of the church, and of worship, separate from the internal. (Arcana Coelestia 10397)

In Exodus 4:14, before he was initiated into the priesthood, Aaron represents the doctrine of good and truth. (Arcana Coelestia 6998)

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Exodus 2

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1 A man of the house of Levi went and took a daughter of Levi as his wife.

2 The woman conceived, and bore a son. When she saw that he was a fine child, she hid him three months.

3 When she could no longer hide him, she took a papyrus basket for him, and coated it with tar and with pitch. She put the child in it, and laid it in the reeds by the river's bank.

4 His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.

5 Pharaoh's daughter came down to bathe at the river. Her maidens walked along by the riverside. She saw the basket among the reeds, and sent her handmaid to get it.

6 She opened it, and saw the child, and behold, the baby cried. She had compassion on him, and said, "This is one of the Hebrews' children."

7 Then his sister said to Pharaoh's daughter, "Should I go and call a nurse for you from the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for you?"

8 Pharaoh's daughter said to her, "Go." The maiden went and called the child's mother.

9 Pharaoh's daughter said to her, "Take this child away, and nurse him for me, and I will give you your wages." The woman took the child, and nursed it.

10 The child grew, and she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses, and said, "Because I drew him out of the water."

11 It happened in those days, when Moses had grown up, that he went out to his brothers, and looked at their burdens. He saw an Egyptian striking a Hebrew, one of his brothers.

12 He looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no one, he killed the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

13 He went out the second day, and behold, two men of the Hebrews were fighting with each other. He said to him who did the wrong, "Why do you strike your fellow?"

14 He said, "Who made you a prince and a judge over us? Do you plan to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian?" Moses was afraid, and said, "Surely this thing is known."

15 Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to kill Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and lived in the land of Midian, and he sat down by a well.

16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters. They came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock.

17 The shepherds came and drove them away; but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock.

18 When they came to Reuel, their father, he said, "How is it that you have returned so early today?"

19 They said, "An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and moreover he drew water for us, and watered the flock."

20 He said to his daughters, "Where is he? Why is it that you have left the man? Call him, that he may eat bread."

21 Moses was content to dwell with the man. He gave Moses Zipporah, his daughter.

22 She bore a son, and he named him Gershom, for he said, "I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land."

23 It happened in the course of those many days, that the king of Egypt died, and the children of Israel sighed because of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up to God because of the bondage.

24 God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.

25 God saw the children of Israel, and God was concerned about them.