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Exode 34

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1 L'Eternel dit à Moïse: Taille deux tables de pierre comme les premières, et j'y écrirai les paroles qui étaient sur les premières tables que tu as brisées.

2 Sois prêt de bonne heure, et tu monteras dès le matin sur la montagne de Sinaï; tu te tiendras là devant moi, sur le sommet de la montagne.

3 Que personne ne monte avec toi, et que personne ne paraisse sur toute la montagne; et même que ni brebis ni boeufs ne paissent près de cette montagne.

4 Moïse tailla deux tables de pierre comme les premières; il se leva de bon matin, et monta sur la montagne de Sinaï, selon l'ordre que l'Eternel lui avait donné, et il prit dans sa main les deux tables de pierre.

5 L'Eternel descendit dans une nuée, se tint là auprès de lui, et proclama le nom de L'Eternel.

6 Et l'Eternel passa devant lui, et s'écria: l'Eternel, l'Eternel, Dieu miséricordieux et compatissant, lent à la colère, riche en bonté et en fidélité,

7 qui conserve son amour jusqu'à mille générations, qui pardonne l'iniquité, la rébellion et le péché, mais qui ne tient point le coupable pour innocent, et qui punit l'iniquité des pères sur les enfants et sur les enfants des enfants jusqu'à la troisième et à la quatrième génération!

8 Aussitôt Moïse s'inclina à terre et se prosterna.

9 Il dit: Seigneur, si j'ai trouvé grâce à tes yeux, que le Seigneur marche au milieu de nous, car c'est un peuple au cou roide; pardonne nos iniquités et nos péchés, et prends-nous pour ta possession.

10 L'Eternel répondit: Voici, je traite une alliance. Je ferai, en présence de tout ton peuple, des prodiges qui n'ont eu lieu dans aucun pays et chez aucune nation; tout le peuple qui t'environne verra l'oeuvre de L'Eternel, et c'est par toi que j'accomplirai des choses terribles.

11 Prends garde à ce que je t'ordonne aujourd'hui. Voici, je chasserai devant toi les Amoréens, les Cananéens, les Héthiens, les Phéréziens, les Héviens et les Jébusiens.

12 Garde-toi de faire alliance avec les habitants du pays où tu dois entrer, de peur qu'ils ne soient un piège pour toi.

13 Au contraire, vous renverserez leurs autels, vous briserez leurs statues, et vous abattrez leurs idoles.

14 Tu ne te prosterneras point devant un autre dieu; car l'Eternel porte le nom de jaloux, il est un Dieu jaloux.

15 Garde-toi de faire alliance avec les habitants du pays, de peur que, se prostituant à leurs dieux et leur offrant des sacrifices, ils ne t'invitent, et que tu ne manges de leurs victimes;

16 de peur que tu ne prennes de leurs filles pour tes fils, et que leurs filles, se prostituant à leurs dieux, n'entraînent tes fils à se prostituer à leurs dieux.

17 Tu ne te feras point de dieu en fonte.

18 Tu observeras la fête des pains sans levain; pendant sept jours, au temps fixé dans le mois des épis, tu mangeras des pains sans levain, comme je t'en ai donné l'ordre, car c'est dans le mois des épis que tu es sorti d'Egypte.

19 Tout premier-né m'appartient, même tout mâle premier-né dans les troupeaux de gros et de menu bétail.

20 Tu rachèteras avec un agneau le premier-né de l'âne; et si tu ne le rachètes pas, tu lui briseras la nuque. Tu rachèteras tout premier-né de tes fils; et l'on ne se présentera point à vide devant ma face.

21 Tu travailleras six jours, et tu te reposeras le septième jour; tu te reposeras, même au temps du labourage et de la moisson.

22 Tu célébreras la fête des semaines, des prémices de la moisson du froment, et la fête de la récolte, à la fin de l'année.

23 Trois fois par an, tous les mâles se présenteront devant le Seigneur, l'Eternel, Dieu d'Israël.

24 Car je chasserai les nations devant toi, et j'étendrai tes frontières; et personne ne convoitera ton pays, pendant que tu monteras pour te présenter devant l'Eternel, ton Dieu, trois fois par an.

25 Tu n'offriras point avec du pain levé le sang de la victime immolée en mon honneur; et le sacrifice de la fête de Pâque ne sera point gardé pendant la nuit jusqu'au matin.

26 Tu apporteras à la maison de L'Eternel, ton Dieu, les prémices des premiers fruits de la terre. Tu ne feras point cuire un chevreau dans le lait de sa mère.

27 L'Eternel dit à Moïse: Ecris ces paroles; car c'est conformément à ces paroles que je traite alliance avec toi et avec Israël.

28 Moïse fut là avec l'Eternel quarante jours et quarante nuits. Il ne mangea point de pain, et il ne but point d'eau. Et l'Eternel écrivit sur les tables les paroles de l'alliance, les dix paroles.

29 Moïse descendit de la montagne de Sinaï, ayant les deux tables du témoignage dans sa main, en descendant de la montagne; et il ne savait pas que la peau de son visage rayonnait, parce qu'il avait parlé avec l'Eternel.

30 Aaron et tous les enfants d'Israël regardèrent Moïse, et voici la peau de son visage rayonnait; et ils craignaient de s'approcher de lui.

31 Moïse les appela; Aaron et tous les principaux de l'assemblée vinrent auprès de lui, et il leur parla.

32 Après cela, tous les enfants d'Israël s'approchèrent, et il leur donna tous les ordres qu'il avait reçus de l'Eternel, sur la montagne de Sinaï.

33 Lorsque Moïse eut achevé de leur parler, il mit un voile sur son visage.

34 Quand Moïse entrait devant l'Eternel, pour lui parler, il ôtait le voile, jusqu'à ce qu'il sortît; et quand il sortait, il disait aux enfants d'Israël ce qui lui avait été ordonné.

35 Les enfants d'Israël regardaient le visage de Moïse, et voyaient que la peau de son visage rayonnait; et Moïse remettait le voile sur son visage jusqu'à ce qu'il entrât, pour parler avec l'Eternel.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4818

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4818. 'And there Judah saw the daughter of a man, a Canaanite' means the affection for evil begotten by falsity springing from evil. This is clear from the meaning of 'the daughter' as the affection for good, dealt with in 2362, and in the contrary sense as the affection for evil, 3024; from the meaning of 'a man' as one who has intelligence and, in the abstract sense, as truth, but in the contrary sense as one who has no intelligence and as falsity, dealt with just above in 4816; and from the meaning of 'a Canaanite' as evil, dealt with in 1573, 1574. From these meanings it is evident that 'the daughter of a man, a Canaanite' means evil begotten by falsity springing from evil. What evil begotten by falsity springing from evil is will be stated below.

[2] Here the origins of the tribe of Judah must be stated first, since these are the subject in this chapter. That tribe, or the Jewish nation, has three origins, the first being Shelah, Judah's son by his Canaanite wife, the second and third being Perez and Zerah, Judah's sons by his daughter-in-law. The descent of the whole Jewish nation from these three sons of Judah is evident from the list of Jacob's sons and grandsons who accompanied him into Egypt, Genesis 46:12, and also from the grouping of them into families, referred to in Moses,

The sons of Judah according to their families were: of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites; of Perez, the family of the Parzites; of Zerah, the family of the Zarhites. Numbers 26:20; 1 Chronicles 4:21.

From this the nature of that nation's origin is evident; that is to say, a third of them were descended from a Canaanite mother and two thirds from a daughter-in-law. They were all therefore the product of an illicit union, because marriages to daughters of the Canaanites were strictly forbidden - as may be seen in Genesis 24:3; Exodus 34:16; Deuteronomy 7:3; 1 Kings 11:2; and Chapters 9, 10 of Ezra - while lying with a daughter-in-law was a capital offence, as is evident in Moses,

As regards a man who has lain with his daughter-in-law, both of them shall be killed; they have committed perversion; 1 their blood shall be upon them. Leviticus 20:12.

What Judah and his daughter-in-law had done together was linked by him to the law regarding leviratical marriages, which lays down the duty of a brother but never of a father, as is evident from verse 26 of the present chapter. Judah's linking of their deed together to this law implies that the sons of Tamar were to be recognized as the sons of Er the firstborn, who was born from the Canaanite mother, and who was evil in Jehovah's eyes and was therefore made to die, verse 7. For initially those born in a leviratical marriage did not belong to the one from whom they had been conceived but to him whose seed was being raised up, as is clear from Deuteronomy 25:5-6, and also from verses 8 and 9 of the present chapter. Furthermore, the sons whom Tamar bore were the result of whoredom, for when Judah went in to her he thought she was a prostitute, verses 15-16, 21. From all this one can see the origin of the Jewish nation and what kind of origin this was; and one can see that their words in John were founded on a lie,

The Jews said to Him, We were not born of whoredom. John 8:41.

[3] As regards what that origin implies and what it represents, this is evident from what follows. That is to say, those people's interiors were the same or had the same origin. Judah's marriage to a Canaanite implies and represents an origin that consisted in evil begotten by falsity springing from evil, for this is what is meant in the internal sense by 'the daughter of a man, a Canaanite'. And his lying through whoredom with his daughter-in-law implies and represents condemnation due to truth falsified by evil, for throughout the Word 'whoredom' means the falsification of truth, see 3703. 2 Evil begotten by falsity springing from evil is an evil life resulting from a false teaching hatched by the evil of self-love - that is, by those governed by this evil - and backed up by a use of the sense of the letter of the Word. This is what the origin of the evil in the Jewish nation is like, and what the origin of the evil is like in the Christian world, especially among those meant in the Word by Babel. The nature of that evil is such that it closes every path leading into the internal man, closing every path so completely that no conscience at all can be formed there. For if any evil done by a person is due to a false teaching, he believes that this is good because he believes that it is true. He accordingly does it, because he has warrant to do so, with a sense of freedom and delight. All this being so, heaven is closed so completely against him that it cannot be opened.

[4] As an example to explain what this evil is like, take those who from the evil of self-love believe the following: One nation alone is Jehovah's chosen people, in comparison with whom all the rest of mankind are slaves. The rest, they believe, are so base that they may be killed at will and may be treated in a cruel fashion. Such ideas, likewise backed up by a use of the sense of the letter of the Word, were the beliefs of the Jewish nation, as they are also of the Babylonish 3 nation at the present day. Whatever kind of evil done by the latter that is the result of that false teaching, and of any other false teachings built on that one as their foundation, is evil begotten by falsity springing from evil. It destroys the internal man and shuts out even the possibility of any conscience being formed there. These people are referred to in the Word as those immersed in bloodshed; for they treat in savage ways the entire human race because it does not venerate what they believe and so themselves too, and because it does not present its gifts on their altars.

[5] Take another example - those who from the evil of self-love and love of the world believe in the necessity for someone to act as the Lord's vicar on earth. They believe that this person has power to open and close heaven, and so to control everyone's mind and conscience, and they back up this falsity by a use of the sense of the letter of the Word. In their case whatever kind of evil they perform as a result of these ideas is evil begotten by falsity springing from evil, which similarly destroys the internal man in those who are led by that evil to lay claim to that power and so control others. That evil destroys the internal man so completely that people cease to know any longer what the internal man is, or to know of the existence of conscience in anyone, with the result that they cease to believe any longer in a life after death, or in the existence of hell and of heaven, however much they talk about these.

[6] The nature of this evil is such that people in the world cannot tell it apart from other evils; but in the next life angels recognize it quite clearly. For in the next life the countless differences in the essential nature and the origin of evils and falsities are in full view; and it is also the genera and species to which these evils and falsities belong that mark off the hells from one another. Of these countless differences man knows scarcely anything. He believes in the existence of evil but has no knowledge of its essential nature, for the simple reason that he does not know what good is, and does not know what good is because he does not know what charity is. If he knew what the good of charity was he would also know its opposites, which are evils, and also their differences.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, confusion

2. Reading 3703 for 3708

3. i. e. Papal

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.