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Exode 28

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1 Fais approcher de toi Aaron, ton frère, et ses fils, et prends-les parmi les enfants d'Israël pour les consacrer à mon service dans le sacerdoce: Aaron et les fils d'Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, Eléazar et Ithamar.

2 Tu feras à Aaron, ton frère, des vêtements sacrés, pour marquer sa dignité et pour lui servir de parure.

3 Tu parleras à tous ceux qui sont habiles, à qui j'ai donné un esprit plein d'intelligence; et ils feront les vêtements d'Aaron, afin qu'il soit consacré et qu'il exerce mon sacerdoce.

4 Voici les vêtements qu'ils feront: un pectoral, un éphod, une robe, une tunique brodée, une tiare, et une ceinture. Ils feront des vêtements sacrés à Aaron, ton frère, et à ses fils, afin qu'ils exercent mon sacerdoce.

5 Ils emploieront de l'or, des étoffes teintes en bleu, en pourpre, en cramoisi, et de fin lin.

6 Ils feront l'éphod d'or, de fil bleu, pourpre et cramoisi, et de fin lin retors; il sera artistement travaillé.

7 On y fera deux épaulettes, qui le joindront par ses deux extrémités; et c'est ainsi qu'il sera joint.

8 La ceinture sera du même travail que l'éphod et fixée sur lui; elle sera d'or, de fil bleu, pourpre et cramoisi, et de fin lin retors.

9 Tu prendras deux pierres d'onyx, et tu y graveras les noms des fils d'Israël,

10 six de leurs noms sur une pierre, et les six autres sur la seconde pierre, d'après l'ordre des naissances.

11 Tu graveras sur les deux pierres les noms des fils d'Israël, comme on grave les pierres et les cachets; tu les entoureras de montures d'or.

12 Tu mettras les deux pierres sur les épaulettes de l'éphod, en souvenir des fils d'Israël; et c'est comme souvenir qu'Aaron portera leurs noms devant l'Eternel sur ses deux épaules.

13 Tu feras des montures d'or,

14 et deux chaînettes d'or pur, que tu tresseras en forme de cordons; et tu fixeras aux montures les chaînettes ainsi tressées.

15 Tu feras le pectoral du jugement, artistement travaillé; tu le feras du même travail que l'éphod, tu le feras d'or, de fil bleu, pourpre et cramoisi, et de fin lin retors.

16 Il sera carré et double; sa longueur sera d'un empan, et sa largeur d'un empan.

17 Tu y enchâsseras une garniture de pierres, quatre rangées de pierres: première rangée, une sardoine, une topaze, une émeraude;

18 seconde rangée, une escarboucle, un saphir, un diamant;

19 troisième rangée, une opale, une agate, une améthyste;

20 quatrième rangée, une chrysolithe, un onyx, un jaspe. Ces pierres seront enchâssées dans leurs montures d'or.

21 Il y en aura douze, d'après les noms des fils d'Israël; elles seront gravées comme des cachets, chacune avec le nom de l'une des douze tribus. -

22 Tu feras sur le pectoral des chaînettes d'or pur, tressées en forme de cordons.

23 Tu feras sur le pectoral deux anneaux d'or, et tu mettras ces deux anneaux aux deux extrémités du pectoral.

24 Tu passeras les deux cordons d'or dans les deux anneaux aux deux extrémités du pectoral;

25 et tu arrêteras par devant les bouts des deux cordons aux deux montures placées sur les épaulettes de l'éphod.

26 Tu feras encore deux anneaux d'or, que tu mettras aux deux extrémités du pectoral, sur le bord intérieur appliqué contre l'éphod.

27 Et tu feras deux autres anneaux d'or, que tu mettras au bas des deux épaulettes de l'éphod, sur le devant, près de la jointure, au-dessus de la ceinture de l'éphod.

28 On attachera le pectoral par ses anneaux aux anneaux de l'éphod avec un cordon bleu, afin que le pectoral soit au-dessus de la ceinture de l'éphod et qu'il ne puisse pas se séparer de l'éphod.

29 Lorsque Aaron entrera dans le sanctuaire, il portera sur son coeur les noms des fils d'Israël, gravés sur le pectoral du jugement, pour en conserver à toujours le souvenir devant l'Eternel. -

30 Tu joindras au pectoral du jugement l'urim et le thummim, et ils seront sur le coeur d'Aaron, lorsqu'il se présentera devant l'Eternel. Ainsi, Aaron portera constamment sur son coeur le jugement des enfants d'Israël, lorsqu'il se présentera devant l'Eternel.

31 Tu feras la robe de l'éphod entièrement d'étoffe bleue.

32 Il y aura, au milieu, une ouverture pour la tête; et cette ouverture aura tout autour un bord tissé, comme l'ouverture d'une cotte de mailles, afin que la robe ne se déchire pas.

33 Tu mettras autour de la bordure, en bas, des grenades de couleur bleue, pourpre et cramoisi, entremêlées de clochettes d'or:

34 une clochette d'or et une grenade, une clochette d'or et une grenade, sur tout le tour de la bordure de la robe.

35 Aaron s'en revêtira pour faire le service; quand il entrera dans le sanctuaire devant l'Eternel, et quand il en sortira, on entendra le son des clochettes, et il ne mourra point.

36 Tu feras une lame d'or pur, et tu y graveras, comme on grave un cachet: Sainteté à l'Eternel.

37 Tu l'attacheras avec un cordon bleu sur la tiare, sur le devant de la tiare.

38 Elle sera sur le front d'Aaron; et Aaron sera chargé des iniquités commises par les enfants d'Israël en faisant toutes leurs saintes offrandes; elle sera constamment sur son front devant l'Eternel, pour qu'il leur soit favorable.

39 Tu feras la tunique de fin lin; tu feras une tiare de fin lin, et tu feras une ceinture brodée.

40 Pour les fils d'Aaron tu feras des tuniques, tu leur feras des ceintures, et tu leur feras des bonnets, pour marquer leur dignité et pour leur servir de parure.

41 Tu en revêtiras Aaron, ton frère, et ses fils avec lui. Tu les oindras, tu les consacreras, tu les sanctifieras, et ils seront à mon service dans le sacerdoce.

42 Fais-leur des caleçons de lin, pour couvrir leur nudité; ils iront depuis les reins jusqu'aux cuisses.

43 Aaron et ses fils les porteront, quand ils entreront dans la tente d'assignation, ou quand ils s'approcheront de l'autel, pour faire le service dans le sanctuaire; ainsi ils ne se rendront point coupables, et ne mourront point. C'est une loi perpétuelle pour Aaron et pour ses descendants après lui.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4677

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4677. 'And he made him a tunic of various colours' means the resulting appearances of truth by which the spiritual of the natural is recognized and distinguished. This is clear from the meaning of 'a tunic' as the truth of the natural, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'various colours' as appearances of truth by which the spiritual of the natural is recognized and distinguished. No one can know that these things are meant by 'various colours' unless he knows that colours may be seen in the next life no less than in the world - colours which are far more beautiful and various - and unless he knows the origins of those colours. Colours seen in the next life are produced by the variegation of light there and are so to speak modifications of intelligence and wisdom, for the light which is seen there is a manifestation of Divine Truth received from the Lord, that is, it is the Divine Spiritual from Him, or what amounts to the same, is Divine Intelligence and Wisdom. These two are seen as light before the eyes of angels and spirits. From this one may see what is meant by the colours being products of that light, namely different kinds and so appearances of truth that are due to varying affections for good and truth. Regarding colours in the next life, see 1042, 1043, 1053, 1624, 3993, 4530.

[2] It has been stated already in 3301 that 'a tunic' means the truth of the natural, but as this meaning was not substantiated there from other places in the Word, let these be mentioned here. Because kings in the Jewish Church represented the Lord as regards the Divine Spiritual or Divine Truth, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, their daughters therefore wore tunics of various colours, for 'daughters' meant affections for good and truth, and so meant Churches, 2362, 3963. The following is said of them in the second Book of Samuel,

On Tamar, David's daughter, there was a tunic of various colours, for virgin daughters of the king wore such clothes. 2 Samuel 13:18.

[3] And because high priests represented the Lord as regards the Divine

Celestial or Divine Good, Aaron therefore wore vestments which represented Divine Truth that was derived from the Lord's Divine Good; for Divine Good exists within the Lord, whereas Divine Truth proceeds from Him. This was what those vestments represented. Something similar was represented when the Lord was transfigured before Peter, James, and John, in that Divine Good was seen as the sun, and Divine Truth was manifested by means of His garments which had the appearance of light, Matthew 17:2.

[4] Regarding the vestments worn by Aaron and his sons, the following is said in Moses,

You shall make for Aaron a tunic of fine linen, and a turban of fine linen; and you shall make a girdle, the work of an embroiderer. And you shall make tunics for Aaron's sons, and you shall make girdles for them, and you shall make head-coverings for them, for glory and adornment. Exodus 28:39-40.

Each article of clothing here meant something connected with Divine Truth derived from the Lord's Divine Good, 'a tunic of fine linen' meaning specifically the Divine Spiritual. The same applies elsewhere in the same author,

You shall take the vestments, and put the tunic on Aaron, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and you shall clothe him with the girdle of the ephod. Then you shall cause his sons to come near, and you shall put them in tunics. Exodus 29:5, 8; 40:14.

What each article of clothing means here will in the Lord's Divine mercy be stated when those verses come up for consideration. 'Garments' in general are truths, see 297, 1073, 2576, 4545.

[5] Prophets too wore tunics, though theirs were made of hair. This was because prophets represented the Lord as regards truths of doctrine, and since truths belong to the natural or external man, their tunics were made of hair - 'hair' meaning the natural, see 3301.

[6] The fact that 'a tunic' means Divine Truth received from the Lord is evident further still from those places where a tunic is mentioned in the New Testament, as in John,

The soldiers took His garments and made four parts, a part for each soldier, and His tunic. But the tunic was without seam, woven from the top throughout. Therefore they said to one another, Let us not divide it - so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, saying They divided My garments for themselves, and for My tunic they cast lots. John 19:23-24.

Anyone reading this description supposes that it does not hold anything deeper within it than the facts that the garments were divided among the soldiers and that lots were cast for the tunic. But each detail described here represented and meant spiritually something Divine - that is to say, those two details about the garments being divided into four and about the tunic not being divided but having lots cast for it, and above all the detail about the tunic being without seam and woven from the top throughout. 'The tunic' meant the Lord's Divine Truth, which being singular - derived from Good - was represented by the tunic's being without seam and woven from the top throughout.

[7] Much the same was meant by Aaron's tunic which, as is evident in Moses, was woven or the work of a weaver,

They made tunics of fine linen, the work of a weaver, for Aaron and his sons Exodus 39:27.

Also represented by the tunic without seam was the fact that the Lord did not allow Divine Truth to be torn apart, as was done by the Jews to the lower truths of the Church.

[8] Because Divine Truth is singular - that is to say, it is derived solely from Divine Good - the twelve disciples were commanded, when they were being sent out to preach the gospel of the kingdom, not to have two tunics. This is recorded in Luke as follows,

Jesus sent the twelve disciples to preach the kingdom of God. And He said to them, Take nothing for the way, neither staves, nor bag, nor bread, nor silver, nor have two tunics each. Luke 9:2-3.

In Mark,

He charged them to take nothing for the way except a staff; not a bag, nor bread, nor bronze in the belt, but to wear sandals; and do not put on two tunics. Mark 6:8-9.

And in Matthew,

Do not possess gold, nor silver, nor bronze in your belts, nor bag for the way, nor two tunics, nor sandals, nor staves. Matthew 10:9-10.

[9] All the individual instructions given in these places are representative of the celestial and spiritual things of the Lord's kingdom which the disciples were sent to preach. The reason they were not to take gold, silver, bronze, bag, or bread with them was that those things meant different kinds of good and truth received from the Lord alone. 'Gold' means good, 113, 1551, 1552, while 'silver' means truth derived from that good, 1551, 2954; 'bronze' means natural good, 425, 1551, and 'bread' the good of love, which is heavenly good, 276, 680, 2165, 2177, 3478, 3735, 4211, 4217. 'Tunic' however and 'sandal' meant the truths with which they were to be endued, and 'staff the power of truth derived from good. For 'staff' means that power, see 4013, 4015; 'sandal' the lowest natural, 1748, here its truth; and 'tunic' interior natural truth. Now because these things had to be not twofold but singular, they were forbidden to have two staves, two pairs of sandals, or two tunics. These are the arcana contained in what the Lord commanded, but no one can possibly know about them except from the internal sense.

[10] All the detailed instructions spoken by the Lord were representative of Divine things, and consequently of the celestial and spiritual things of His kingdom. They were accordingly suited to the mental grasp of men and at the same time to the understanding of spirits and angels. Therefore the things spoken by the Lord pervaded the whole of heaven and continue to do so. From this it is also evident how valuable and important it is to know the internal sense of the Word. Without it anyone can use the Word to support whatever dogma he likes; and because this is seen to be so by those who are subject to evil, they therefore deride the Word and think it is anything but Divine.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.