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Eliro 12

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1 Kaj la Eternulo ekparolis al Moseo kaj al Aaron en la lando Egipta, dirante:

2 CXi tiu monato estu por vi komenco de la monatoj; la unua gxi estu por vi inter la monatoj de la jaro.

3 Diru al la tuta komunumo de Izrael:En la deka tago de cxi tiu monato prenu al si sxafidon cxiu patro de familio, po unu sxafido por domo.

4 Kaj se en la domo estas tro malmulte da personoj por tuta sxafido, tiam li prenu kune kun sia najbaro plej proksima al lia domo; laux la nombro de la animoj, laux la kvanto de mangxado de cxiu, ili kalkulu sin por la sxafido.

5 La sxafido estu sendifekta, virseksa, havanta la agxon de unu jaro; el la sxafoj aux el la kaproj vi povas preni.

6 Konservu gxin gxis la dek-kvara tago de cxi tiu monato; kaj la tuta komunumo de Izrael bucxu gxin en la komenco de vespero.

7 Kaj ili prenu iom el la sango, kaj sxmiru sur ambaux fostoj kaj sur la supra sojlo de la domoj, en kiuj ili gxin mangxos.

8 Kaj ili mangxu la viandon en tiu nokto, rostitan sur fajro; kaj macojn kun maldolcxaj herboj ili mangxu.

9 Ne mangxu gxin duonkrudan, nek kuiritan en akvo, sed nur rostitan sur fajro kun gxiaj kapo, kruroj, kaj internajxoj.

10 Ne restigu iom el gxi gxis la mateno; kio restos el gxi gxis la mateno, tion bruligu per fajro.

11 Kaj tiele mangxu gxin; via lumbo estu zonita, viaj sxuoj sur viaj piedoj, kaj via bastono en via mano; kaj mangxu gxin rapidante; gxi estas Pasko de la Eternulo.

12 Kaj Mi trairos la landon Egiptan en tiu nokto, kaj Mi batos cxiun unuenaskiton en la lando Egipta, de la homoj gxis la brutoj; kaj super cxiuj dioj de Egiptujo Mi faros jugxon, Mi, la Eternulo.

13 Kaj la sango cxe vi estos signo sur la domoj, en kiuj vi trovigxas; kiam Mi vidos la sangon, Mi pasos preter vi, kaj ne estos inter vi la eksterma puno, kiam Mi batos la landon Egiptan.

14 Kaj tiu tago estu por vi memorajxo; kaj festu gxin kiel feston de la Eternulo en viaj generacioj, kiel legxon por eterne festu gxin.

15 Dum sep tagoj mangxu macojn; en la unua tago forigu la fermentajxon el viaj domoj; cxiu kiu mangxos fermentajxon de la unua tago gxis la sepa tago, ties animo estos ekstermita el Izrael.

16 Kaj en la unua tago faru al vi sanktan kunvenon, kaj en la sepa tago faru al vi sanktan kunvenon; nenia laboro estu farata en tiuj tagoj; nur kio estas necesa por mangxi por cxiu, nur tio sola povas esti farata de vi.

17 Kaj observu la ordonon pri la macoj, cxar gxuste en tiu tago Mi elkondukis viajn tacxmentojn el la lando Egipta; kaj observu tiun tagon en viaj generacioj kiel legxon eternan.

18 De post la vespero de la dek-kvara tago de la unua monato mangxu macojn gxis la vespero de la dudek-unua tago de la monato.

19 Dum sep tagoj fermentajxo ne trovigxu en viaj domoj; cxar kiu mangxos fermentajxon, ties animo ekstermigxos el la komunumo de Izrael, cxu li estas fremdulo, aux cxu li estas indigxeno de la lando.

20 Nenion fermentintan mangxu; en cxiuj viaj logxlokoj mangxu macojn.

21 Moseo alvokis cxiujn cxefojn de Izrael, kaj diris al ili:Elektu kaj prenu al vi sxafidojn laux viaj familioj, kaj bucxu la Paskon.

22 Kaj prenu faskon da hisopo, kaj trempu gxin en la sango, kiu estos en la pelvo, kaj tusxu la supran sojlon kaj ambaux fostojn per la sango, kiu estos en la pelvo; kaj neniu el vi eliru el la pordo de sia domo gxis la mateno.

23 Kaj la Eternulo trairos, por puni la Egiptojn; kiam Li vidos la sangon sur la supra sojlo kaj ambaux fostoj, tiam la Eternulo preterpasos la pordon kaj ne permesos al la ekstermanto veni en viajn domojn por puni.

24 Kaj observu cxi tion kiel legxon por vi kaj por viaj filoj eterne.

25 Kaj kiam vi venos en la landon, kiun la Eternulo donos al vi, kiel Li diris, observu cxi tiun servon.

26 Kaj kiam diros al vi viaj filoj:Kion signifas cxi tiu via servo?

27 tiam diru:GXi estas ofero de Pasko al la Eternulo, kiu preterpasis la domojn de la Izraelidoj en Egiptujo, kiam Li punis la Egiptojn, sed niajn domojn savis. Kaj la popolo klinigxis kaj faris adoron.

28 Kaj la Izraelidoj iris, kaj faris, kiel ordonis la Eternulo al Moseo kaj Aaron; tiel ili faris.

29 Kiam venis la noktomezo, la Eternulo batis cxiujn unuenaskitojn en la lando Egipta, de la unuenaskito de Faraono, sidanta sur sia trono, gxis la unuenaskito de malliberulo, sidanta en malliberejo; kaj cxiujn unuenaskitojn el la brutoj.

30 Tiam Faraono levigxis en la nokto, li kaj cxiuj liaj servantoj kaj cxiuj Egiptoj; kaj farigxis granda kriado en Egiptujo; cxar ne estis domo, en kiu ne estis mortinto.

31 Kaj li alvokis Moseon kaj Aaronon en la nokto, kaj diris:Levigxu, foriru el inter mia popolo, vi kaj la Izraelidoj; kaj iru, faru servon al la Eternulo, kiel vi diris.

32 Ankaux viajn sxafojn kaj viajn bovojn prenu, kiel vi diris, kaj iru; kaj benu ankaux min.

33 Kaj la Egiptoj urgxis sur la popolon, por pli rapide elirigi ilin el la lando; cxar ili diris:Ni cxiuj mortos.

34 Kaj la popolo forportis sian paston, antaux ol gxi fermentis; iliaj pastujoj, ligitaj en iliaj vestoj, estis sur iliaj sxultroj.

35 Kaj la Izraelidoj faris, kiel diris Moseo; kaj ili petis de la Egiptoj vazojn argxentajn kaj vazojn orajn kaj vestojn.

36 Kaj la Eternulo favorigis al la popolo la Egiptojn, kaj cxi tiuj pruntedonis al ili; kaj ili multe prenis de la Egiptoj.

37 Kaj la Izraelidoj ekiris el Rameses al Sukot, en la nombro de cxirkaux sescent mil piedirantaj viroj, krom la infanoj.

38 Kaj ankaux granda amaso da diversgentaj homoj eliris kun ili, kaj da sxafoj kaj bovoj tre granda brutaro.

39 Kaj el la pasto, kiun ili elportis el Egiptujo, ili bakis macajn platpanojn, cxar gxi ankoraux ne fermentis; cxar ili estis elpelitaj el Egiptujo kaj ne povis prokrasti, kaj ili ecx ne pretigis al si mangxajxon.

40 La dauxro de la tempo, kiun la Izraelidoj logxis en Egiptujo, estis kvarcent tridek jaroj.

41 Kiam finigxis kvarcent tridek jaroj, gxuste en la sama tago, cxiuj tacxmentoj de la Eternulo eliris el la lando Egipta.

42 GXi estas nokto dedicxata al la Eternulo, cxar Li elkondukis ilin el la lando Egipta; gxi estas tiu nokto, kiu estas dedicxata al la Eternulo de cxiuj Izraelidoj en iliaj generacioj.

43 Kaj la Eternulo diris al Moseo kaj Aaron:CXi tio estas la legxo pri la Pasko:neniu fremdulo mangxu gxin.

44 Sed cxiu sklavo, kiun iu acxetis per mono, se vi cirkumcidis lin, tiam li povas mangxi gxin.

45 Paslogxanto kaj dungito ne mangxu gxin.

46 En unu domo gxi estu mangxata; ne elportu el la domo iom el la viando eksteren, kaj oston en gxi ne rompu.

47 La tuta komunumo de Izrael faru gxin.

48 Kaj se enlogxigxos cxe vi aligentulo kaj li volos fari Paskon al la Eternulo, tiam cirkumcidu cxe li cxiujn virseksulojn, kaj tiam li povas prepari sin, por fari gxin, kaj li estos kiel indigxeno de la lando; sed neniu ne cirkumcidita mangxu gxin.

49 La sama legxo estu por la indigxeno, kaj por la aligentulo, kiu enlogxigxis inter vi.

50 Kaj cxiuj Izraelidoj faris, kiel ordonis la Eternulo al Moseo kaj al Aaron; tiel ili faris.

51 En tiu sama tago la Eternulo elkondukis la Izraelidojn el la lando Egipta laux iliaj tacxmentoj.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 522

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522. Because they were made bitter, signifies because the truths of the Word were falsified. This is evident from the signification of "the waters in the rivers and in the fountains," as being the truths of the understanding and the truths of doctrine (of which above, n. 518; also from the signification of "bitter" and "bitterness," as being what is falsified by the mingling of truth with the falsities of evil; for "bitter" here means the bitter of wormwood, and "wormwood" by reason of its bitterness signifies truth mixed with the falsity of evil, thus truth falsified (of which above, n. 519. "Bitter" signifies in the Word what is undelightful, but one kind of undelightfulness is signified by the bitter from wormwood, another by the bitter from gall, another by the bitter of hemlock, another by the bitter from unripe fruit, another by the bitter that is neither from herbs nor fruit; this bitter signifies grief of mind and anxiety from various causes.

[2] This makes evident the signification of "bitterness" in the following passages. In Isaiah:

Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter. Woe unto the mighty in drinking wine, and unto men of strength in mingling strong drink (Isaiah 5:20, 22).

In the same:

The new wine shall mourn, the vine shall languish, all the glad of heart shall sigh. They shall not drink wine with a song; strong drink shall be bitter to them that drink it (Isaiah 24:7, 9).

In Moses:

That the waters in Marah, which they were not able to drink because of their bitterness, were healed by the wood that was cast into them (Exodus 15:23-25);

That at the time of the Passover they ate unleavened bread with bitter herbs (Exodus 12:8; Numbers 9:11).

In the same:

That the waters of the curse should be given to a wife accused by her husband of adultery, and if she was guilty these waters would become bitternesses in her, and her belly would swell and her thigh would fall in (Numbers 5:12-29).

In Revelation:

The little book that the prophet ate by command was in his mouth sweet like honey, but the belly was made bitter by it (Revelation 10:9, 10).

So in other passages. But here, where it is said that "many men died of the waters because they were made bitter," the bitter of wormwood is meant, and the signification of this bitterness has been explained just before.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Apocalypse Explained # 331

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331. And people and nation, signifies who are of the Lord's spiritual church, and of His celestial church. This is evident from the signification of "people" and "nation" in the Word, "people" signifying those who are in spiritual good, thus those who are of the Lord's spiritual church, and "nation" those who are in celestial good, thus those who are of the Lord's celestial church. That there are two kingdoms into which the heavens are divided, namely, the celestial kingdom and the spiritual kingdom, and that those who are in the good of love to the Lord are in the celestial kingdom, and those who are in the good of charity towards the neighbor are in the spiritual kingdom, see in the work on Heaven and Hell, (n. 20-28). These two kingdoms, however, are not only in the heavens but also on the earth, and on the earth they are called the celestial church and the spiritual church. Few know what is signified in the Word specifically by a "people" or "peoples," and what by a "nation" or "nations." I will therefore present from the Word some passages where the two are named together, from which it will be clear that "people" and "nations" have distinct significations, for unless they had distinct significations they would not both be named together, as in the following passages.

[2] In Isaiah:

The strong people shall glorify Thee, the city of the formidable nations shall fear Thee. Jehovah will swallow up in this mountain the faces of the covering, that covereth over all peoples, and the veil that is veiled over all nations (Isaiah 25:3, 7).

Here a distinction is made between "peoples" and "nations," because "peoples" signify those who are of the Lord's spiritual kingdom, and "nations" those who are of His celestial kingdom, thus those who are in spiritual good and those in celestial good. Spiritual good is the good of charity towards the neighbor, thus the good of faith, and celestial good is the good of love to the Lord, and thence the good of mutual love. The truth of this good is what is meant by "the city of formidable nations," for "city" signifies the doctrine of truth, or the truths of doctrine; "to swallow up the covering over all peoples, and the veil veiled over all nations," signifies to dispel the shade that has so covered the understanding that the truths are not seen or the goods perceived that pertain to heaven and the church.

[3] In the same:

Come near, ye nations, to hear; and hearken, ye peoples; let the earth hear, and the fullness thereof (Isaiah 34:1).

Because "nations" signify those who are in the good of love, and "peoples" those who are in the good of charity and in the truths of faith therefrom, it is said of the nations that they should "come near," and of the peoples that they should "hearken;" to "come near" signifies to be conjoined by love, and to "hearken" signifies to obey and to be instructed; it is therefore said, "let the earth hear, and the fullness thereof," "earth" signifying the church in respect to good, and "the fullness thereof" truths.

[4] In the same:

I Jehovah have called thee in righteousness, and I will hold thine hand and I will give thee for a covenant to the people, for a light of the nations (Isaiah 42:6).

In the same:

Bring forth the blind people that have eyes, and the deaf that have ears. Let all the nations be brought together, and let the peoples gather together (Isaiah 43:8-9).

In the same:

I have given him for a witness to the peoples, a prince and lawgiver to the nations (Isaiah 55:4).

In the same:

Thus said the Lord Jehovih, Behold, I will lift up Mine hand towards the nations, and lift up My standard towards the peoples (Isaiah 49:22).

In the same:

The peoples that walk in darkness have seen a great light. Thou hast multiplied the nation, thou hast made great to it gladness (Isaiah 9:2-3).

And in the same:

It shall be in that day that the root of Jesse, which standeth for an ensign of the peoples, the nations shall seek. And He shall lift up an ensign for the nations, and shall gather together the outcasts of Israel (Isaiah 11:10, 12).

All these things are said of the Lord; and "peoples" and "nations" mean all who are of His church; for all who are of the Lord's church are either of His celestial kingdom or of His spiritual kingdom; not any except those who are in these two kingdoms can possibly be of the church. Moreover, there are two things that constitute the church, good and truth, both from the Lord; "nations" mean those who are in good, and "peoples" those who are in truth; and, abstractly from persons, "nations" signify the goods of the church, and "peoples" its truths; "peoples" signify the truths of the church because spiritual good, or the good of charity towards the neighbor, in which those are who are meant by "peoples," in its essence is truth. (See Arcana Coelestia 8042, 10296; why it is so, n. 863, 875, 895, 927, 1023, 1043, 1044, 1555, 2256, 4328, 4493, 5113, 9596; thence what the distinction is between those who are of the celestial kingdom and those who are of the spiritual kingdom, n. 2088, 2669, 2708, 2715, 3235, 3240, 4788, 7068, 8521, 9277, 10295)

[5] In the same:

In that time a present unto Jehovah of Hosts shall be brought; a people distracted and plundered: and a nation meted out and trodden down, whose land the rivers have spoiled, to the place of the name of Jehovah of Hosts, to Mount Zion (Isaiah 18:2, 7).

This treats of the invitation of all to the church; therefore also "people" and "nation" are both mentioned. "Mount Zion" signifies the church, to which they are invited; "a people distracted and plundered" signifies those with whom truths have been taken away, changed, or perverted by those who are in the falsities of doctrine; "a nation meted out and trodden down, whose land the rivers have spoiled," signifies those with whom goods have been treated in like manner, "rivers" meaning falsities and reasonings therefrom.

[6] In Zechariah:

Yet there shall come peoples, and the inhabitants of great cities, to entreat the faces of Jehovah, and many peoples and numerous nations shall come to seek Jehovah of Hosts in Jerusalem (Zechariah 8:20-22).

Here, too, "peoples" and "nations" signify all who are of the Lord's church; "peoples" those who are of His spiritual church, and "nations" those who are of His celestial church. "Jerusalem," to which they shall come, is the church.

[7] In David:

Thou wilt set me for the head of the nations; a people I have not known shall serve me (Psalms 18:43).

In the same:

Jehovah will subdue the peoples under us, and the nations under our feet. God reigneth over the nations. The willing ones of the peoples are gathered together (Psalms 47:3, 8-9).

In the same:

That [Thy way] may be known on the earth, Thy salvation among all nations. The peoples shall confess Thee, O God: the nations shall be glad and shout for joy; for Thou shalt judge the peoples in uprightness, and shalt lead the nations into the land (Psalms 67:2-4).

Remember me, O Jehovah, in good pleasure towards Thy people; that I may be glad in the joy of Thy nations (Psalms 106:4-5).

I will confess Thee, O Lord, among the nations. I will sing psalms unto Thee among the peoples (Psalms 57:9; 108:3).

In these passages also "peoples" and "nations" are mentioned, by which are meant all who are in truths and goods. Moreover, the very words that are applied to peoples are words that are predicated of truths, and those applied to nations are those that are predicated of goods. That no other are meant by "nations" is evident also from the fact that these things were said by David, who was an enemy of the Canaanitish nations.

[8] In Luke:

Mine eyes have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples; a light for a revelation to the nations (Luke 2:30-32).

In Zephaniah:

The remnant of My people shall spoil them, and the remainder of My nation shall inherit them (Zephaniah 2:9).

In Moses:

When her two sons were struggling in her womb, Rebekah went to inquire of Jehovah, and Jehovah said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two peoples shall be separated from thy bowels (Genesis 25:22-23).

Remember the days of the age, when the Most High gave to the nations an inheritance; when He separated the sons of man he set the bounds of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel (Deuteronomy 32:7-8).

"The sons of man" have the same signification as "peoples," namely, those who are in spiritual truths and goods; therefore it is said of them, "when He separated the sons of man He set the bounds of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel;" "the sons of Israel" signifying the spiritual church, and the "number" of them, or of the twelve tribes named from them, signifying all the truths and goods therein (See just above, n. 330); such therefore are called "peoples;" "to separate" them and "to set their bounds" signifies to alienate from falsities and to bestow truths; and "to give an inheritance to the nations" signifies heaven and conjunction with those who are in the good of love.

[9] In Daniel:

All peoples, nations, and tongues shall worship Him; His dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and His kingdom that which shall not perish (Daniel 7:14).

This is said of the Lord; and "peoples" and "nations" mean all who are in truths and goods; and "all tongues" mean all of whatever doctrine or religion; for the Lord's church is universal, since it exists with all who are in the good of life, and who from their doctrine look to heaven, and thereby conjoin themselves to the Lord (of whom see Heaven and Hell 318-328). Because "nations" signify those who are in the good of love, and "peoples" those who are in the good of charity and in the truths of faith therefrom, it is said, "His dominion is an everlasting dominion, and His kingdom shall not pass away;" "dominion" in the Word is predicated of good, and "kingdom" of truth; for this reason the Lord is called "Lord" from Divine good, and "king" from Divine truth.

There are other passages besides these that might be quoted to prove that "peoples" signify those who are of the spiritual church, and "nations" those who are of the celestial church. So far those only have been presented in which "peoples" and "nations" are mentioned together; to these some shall be added in which "nations" alone are mentioned.

[10] In Isaiah:

Open the gates, that the righteous nation that keepeth faithfulness may enter in. Thou hast added to the nation, O Jehovah, Thou hast added to the nation; Thou hast been glorified: Thou hast removed all the ends of the earth (Isaiah 26:2, 15).

In David:

All the ends of the earth shall turn unto Jehovah; and all the families of the nations shall worship before Thee. For the kingdom is Jehovah's; and He it is that ruleth among the nations (Psalms 22:27-28).

In Isaiah:

The nations shall walk to Thy light, and kings to the brightness of Thy rising. Thy heart shall be enlarged, because the multitude of the sea shall turn unto Thee, the army of the nations shall come unto Thee (Isaiah 60:3, 5).

All nations shall see Thy righteousness, and all kings Thy glory (Isaiah 62:2).

In these passages "nations" and "peoples" are not mentioned together, but still in the last two "nations" and "kings" because "kings" signify the like as "peoples," namely, those who are in truths (See above, n. 31); and it is because "nations" signify those who are in good, and "kings" those who are in truths, that it is said of the nations that they "shall see Thy righteousness," and of the kings that they shall "see Thy glory;" "righteousness" in the Word being predicated of good, and "glory" of truth. (That "righteousness" is predicated in the Word of Divine good, seeArcana Coelestia 2235, 9857; and "glory" of Divine truth, n. 4809, 5922, 8267, 8427, 9429.)

[11] From the contrary sense it can yet be seen that "peoples" signify those who are in truths, and "nations" those who are in good; for in that sense "peoples" signify those who are in falsities, and "nations" those who are in evils, as in the following. In Isaiah:

O Assyrian, the rod of Mine anger, I will send him against a hypocritical nation, and against the people of My wrath will I command him (Isaiah 10:5-6).

In the same:

The voice of a multitude in the mountains; the voice of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together. They come from a land afar off, from the end of the heavens, even Jehovah with the vessels of His indignation to destroy the whole land (Isaiah 13:4-5).

Jehovah that smiteth the peoples with a stroke not curable, that ruleth with anger the nations (Isaiah 14:6).

In the same:

At the noise of the tumult let the peoples flee away; and before Thine exaltation let the nations be dispersed (Isaiah 33:3).

In Jeremiah:

Behold, a people cometh from the land of the north, and a great nation shall be stirred up from the sides of the earth. They lay hold on the bow and spear; they are cruel, and have no mercy (Jeremiah 6:22-23).

In Ezekiel:

I will not cause thee to hear any more the calumny of the nations, and the reproach of the peoples thou shalt not bear any more (Ezekiel 36:15).

In David:

Thou makest us a byword among the nations, a shaking of the head among the peoples (Psalms 44:14).

In the same:

Jehovah bringeth the counsel of the nations to nought; He overthroweth the thoughts of the peoples (Psalms 33:10).

In these passages "peoples" mean those who are against the truths of the spiritual church, thus in falsities; and "nations" those who are against the goods of the celestial church, thus in evils. This is also the signification of the peoples and nations that were driven out of the land of Canaan. To this let what was said above n. 175 be added.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.