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Leviticus 19

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1 Verder sprak de HEERE tot Mozes, zeggende:

2 Spreek tot de ganse vergadering der kinderen Israels, en zeg tot hen: Gij zult heilig zijn, want Ik, de HEERE, uw God, ben heilig!

3 Want ieder zal zijn moeder en zijn vader vrezen, en Mijn sabbatten houden; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

4 Gij zult u tot de afgoden niet keren, en u geen gegoten goden maken; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

5 En wanneer gij een dankoffer den HEERE offeren zult, naar uw welgevallen zult gij dat offeren.

6 Op den dag van uw offeren, en des anderen daags, zal het gegeten worden; maar wat tot op den derden dag overblijft zal met vuur verbrand worden.

7 En zo het op den derden dag enigzins gegeten wordt, het is een afgrijselijk ding, het zal niet aangenaam zijn.

8 En zo wie dat eet, zal zijn ongerechtigheid dragen, omdat hij het heilige des HEEREN ontheiligd heeft; daarom zal dezelve ziel, uit haar volken uitgeroeid worden.

9 Als gij ook den oogst uws lands inoogsten zult, gij zult den hoek uws velds niet ganselijk afoogsten, en dat van uw oogst op te zamelen is, niet opzamelen.

10 Insgelijks zult gij uw wijngaard niet nalezen, en de afgevallen bezien van uw wijngaard niet opzamelen; den arme en den vreemdeling zult gij die overlaten; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

11 Gij zult niet stelen, en gij zult niet liegen, noch valselijk handelen, een iegelijk tegen zijn naaste.

12 Gij zult niet valselijk bij Mijn Naam zweren; want gij zoudt den Naam uws Gods ontheiligen; Ik ben de HEERE.

13 Gij zult uw naaste niet bedriegelijk verdrukken, noch beroven; des dagloners arbeidsloon zal bij u niet vernachten tot aan den morgen.

14 Gij zult den dove niet vloeken, en voor het aangezicht des blinden geen aanstoot zetten; maar gij zult voor uw God vrezen; Ik ben de HEERE!

15 Gij zult geen onrecht doen in het gericht; gij zult het aangezicht des geringen niet aannemen, noch het aangezicht des groten voortrekken; in gerechtigheid zult gij uw naaste richten.

16 Gij zult niet wandelen als een achterklapper onder uw volken; gij zult niet staan tegen het bloed van uw naaste; Ik ben de HEERE!

17 Gij zult uw broeder in uw hart niet haten; gij zult uw naaste naarstiglijk berispen, en zult de zonde in hem niet verdragen.

18 Gij zult niet wreken, noch toorn behouden tegen de kinderen uws volks; maar gij zult uw naaste liefhebben als uzelven; Ik ben de HEERE!

19 Gij zult Mijn inzettingen houden; gij zult geen tweeerlei aard uwer beesten laten samen te doen hebben; uwen akker zult gij niet met tweeerlei zaad bezaaien, en een kleed van tweeerlei stof, dooreen vermengd, zal aan u niet komen.

20 En wanneer een man, door bijligging des zaads, bij een vrouw zal gelegen hebben, die een dienstmaagd is, bij den man versmaad, en geenszins gelost is, en haar geen vrijheid is gegeven; die zullen gegeseld worden; zij zullen niet gedood worden; want zij was niet vrij gemaakt.

21 En hij zal zijn schuldoffer den HEERE aan de deur van de tent der samenkomst brengen, een ram ten schuldoffer.

22 En de priester zal met den ram des schuldoffers, voor hem over zijn zonde, die hij gezondigd heeft, voor het aangezicht des HEEREN verzoening doen; en hem zal vergeving geschieden van zijn zonde, die hij gezondigd heeft.

23 Als gij ook in dat land gekomen zult zijn, en alle geboomte ter spijze geplant zult hebben, zo zult gij de voorhuid daarvan, deszelfs vrucht, besnijden; drie jaren zal het u onbesneden zijn, daarvan zal niet gegeten worden.

24 Maar in het vierde jaar zal al zijn vrucht een heilig ding zijn, ter lofzegging voor den HEERE.

25 En in het vijfde jaar zult gij deszelfs vrucht eten, om het inkomen daarvan voor u te vermeerderen; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

26 Gij zult niets met het bloed eten. Gij zult op geen vogelgeschrei acht geven, noch guichelarij plegen.

27 Gij zult de hoeken uws hoofds niet rond afscheren; ook zult gij de hoeken uws baards niet verderven.

28 Gij zult om een dood lichaam geen snijding in uw vlees maken, noch schrift van een ingedrukt teken in u maken; Ik ben de HEERE!

29 Gij zult uw dochter niet ontheiligen, haar ter hoererij houdende; opdat het land niet hoerere, en het land met schandelijke daden vervuld worde.

30 Gij zult Mijn sabbatten houden, en Mijn heiligdom zult gij vrezen; Ik ben de HEERE!

31 Gij zult u niet keren tot de waarzeggers, en tot de duivelskunstenaars; zoekt hen niet, u met hen verontreinigende; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

32 Voor het grauwe haar zult gij opstaan, en zult het aangezicht des ouden vereren; en gij zult vrezen voor uw God; Ik ben de HEERE!

33 En wanneer een vreemdeling bij u in uw land als vreemdeling verkeren zal, gij zult hem niet verdrukken.

34 De vreemdeling, die als vreemdeling bij u verkeert, zal onder u zijn als een inboorling van ulieden; gij zult hem liefhebben als uzelven; want gij zijt vreemdeling geweest in Egypteland; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God!

35 Gij zult geen onrecht doen in het gericht, met de el, met het gewicht, of met de maat.

36 Gij zult een rechte wage hebben, rechte weegstenen, een rechte efa, en een rechte hin; Ik ben de HEERE, uw God, Die u uit Egypteland uitgevoerd heb!

37 Daarom zult gij al Mijn inzettingen en al Mijn rechten onderhouden, en zult ze doen; Ik ben de HEERE!

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 919

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919. Verse 19. And the angel cast his sickle into the earth and gathered the vineyard of the earth, signifies that this was done. This is evident from what has been just said in the preceding article. That a "vineyard" signifies the spiritual church is evident from the passages in the Word where "vineyard" is mentioned (as in Isaiah 1:8, 3:14; 5:1-10; 16:10; 36:17; 37:30; 65:21; Jeremiah 12:10; 32:15; 35:7, 9; 39:10; Ezekiel 28:26; Hosea 2:15; Amos 4:9; 5:11, 17; 9:14; Micah 1:6; Zephaniah 1:13; 1 Samuel 8:14, 15; Psalms 107:37; Matthew 20:1-8; 21:28, 38-41; Mark 12:1-9; Luke 13:6, 7; 20:9-16).

And concerning a "vine" see John 15:1-12; as well as in the historical parts of the Word.

From these passages it is clearly evident that a "vineyard" means the church (See also above, n. 376, 403, 638, 918, where many passages in which "vineyard" occurs are explained). From the signification of "vineyard" it can be seen that "to gather the vintage" signifies to collect for uses those things that will be serviceable to the understanding, and which will give intelligence and wisdom; and in the contrary sense it signifies to lay waste the church as to spiritual good, and thus as to the affection of truth and the understanding of truth. In this contrary sense "vintage" and "to gather the vintage" are used in the sense that there are no longer any clusters or grapes remaining; and this signifies in the spiritual sense that all spiritual good, and thus all truth that is truth in itself, is destroyed; and this is especially effected in the church by falsifications of the Word, likewise when evil of life corrupts all good, and falsity of doctrine perverts all truth; this is described also by "spoilers" and by "thieves."

[2] That "gathering the vintage" signifies, for this reason, laying waste, can be seen from the following passages. In Isaiah:

A cry over the wine in the streets; every joy shall be mixed; the gladness of the earth shall be banished. The remnant in the city is a waste, and the gate shall be beaten down even to devastation. For so shall it be in the midst of the land as the beating of an olive-tree, as the gleanings when the vintage is finished (Isaiah 24:11-13).

This describes the mourning over the devastation of the church as to celestial good and as to spiritual good, which in its essence is truth from celestial good. This devastation is compared to "the beating of an olive-tree," and to "the gleanings when the vintage is finished." (But this may be seen explained above, n. 313, 638).

[3] In the same:

Ye confident daughters, perceive My word in your ears; year 1 upon year shall ye be troubled, ye confident ones, for the vintage is finished, the ingathering shall not come (Isaiah 32:9, 10).

"Confident daughters" signify those in the church who love falsities more than truths. That with such, truths are gradually diminished in every state, is signified by "year 1 upon year shall ye be troubled." The devastation of all truth until there is nothing left is signified by "the vintage is finished, and the ingathering shall not come."

[4] In Jeremiah:

Upon thy fruits of autumn and upon thy vintage hath the spoiler fallen, therefore gladness and joy are gathered out of Carmel (Jeremiah 48:32, 33).

"Fruits of autumn" signify the goods of the church; "the vintage" signifies its truths; for "bread," which is here meant by the "fruits of autumn," signifies the good of the church, and "wine," which is from the vintage, signifies its truth. "The spoiler" who fell upon them signifies evil and falsity therefrom. That the delight of spiritual and celestial love, which is the very joy of the heart, will perish, is signified by "gladness and joy shall be gathered out of Carmel."

[5] In Micah:

Woe is me, I am become as the gatherings of the summer, as the gleanings of the vintage; there is no cluster to eat; my soul desireth the first ripe fruit (Micah 7:1).

"As the gleanings of the vintage, there is no cluster to eat," signifies such devastation of the church that there is no longer any good or truth. (The rest may be seen explained in the preceding article.) In Jeremiah:

If the grape-gatherers came to thee they would leave no gleanings; if thieves in the night they would destroy sufficiency (Jeremiah 49:9).

In Obadiah:

If thieves came to thee, if destroyers by night, how wouldst thou be cut off? Would they not steal till they had enough? If the grape-gatherers came to thee would they leave any clusters? (Obadiah 1:5).

"Grape-gatherers" signify falsities, and "thieves" evils, which lay waste the truths and goods of the church; but "destroyers" signify both falsities and evils; that "they would leave no clusters" signifies that there are no goods because there are no truths. But "to gather the vintage" signifies to gather for uses such things especially as will be serviceable to the understanding, see in Jeremiah 6:9; Leviticus 19:10, 26:5; Deuteronomy 20:6, 7, 24:21.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Hebrew has "days upon a year," Schmidius has "year upon year."

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 8364

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8364. 'I will not put on you any sickness that I put on the Egyptians' means that they are to be withheld from the evils present among those who uphold separated faith and lead a life of evil. This is clear from the meaning of 'sickness' as evil, dealt with below; from the representation of 'the Egyptians' as those who uphold separated faith and lead a life of evil, dealt with in 7097, 7317, 7926, 8148; and from the meaning of 'not putting on you' - when used in association with 'sickness', which means evil - as withholding from evil. For Jehovah, that is, the Lord, does not take away evil but withholds a person from it and maintains him in good, 929, 1581, 2256, 2406, 4564, 8206. So it is that 'not putting a sickness on them' means that they are to be withheld from evils.

[2] The reason why 'sickness' means evil is that in the internal sense the kinds of things that attack spiritual life are meant. The sicknesses which attack it are evils, and they are called evil desires and cravings; and the components of spiritual life are faith and charity. That life is sick when falsity exists instead of the truth of faith and evil instead of the good of charity, because they lead to the death of that life, which is called spiritual death and is damnation, just as sicknesses lead to the death of natural life. This is why in the internal sense 'sickness' means evil, and 'the sicknesses of the Egyptians' means the evils which those upholding separated faith and leading a life of evil cast themselves into, and which they used to molest the upright. Those evils have been dealt with in what has gone before, where the plagues in Egypt were the subject.

[3] Evils are again meant by 'sicknesses' elsewhere in the Word, as in Moses,

If you keep the commandments and the statutes and the judgements which I am commanding you today, Jehovah will take away all sickness from you, and will not put on you any of the evil diseases of Egypt which you have known, but will lay them on [all] who hate you. Deuteronomy 7:11, 15.

In the same author,

If you will not obey the voice of Jehovah your God, taking care to do all His commandments and His statutes, Jehovah will send on you cursing, confusion, and rebuke in all that you set your hand to do, 1 until you are destroyed, because of the wickedness of your deeds by which you have forsaken Me. Jehovah will make the pestilence cling to you, until He has consumed you from upon the land. Jehovah will strike you with consumption, and hot fever, and burning fever, and raging fever, and drought, and blight, and mildew, which will pursue you until you perish. Jehovah will strike you with the sores of Egypt, and with hemorrhoids, and the scab, and the itch, so that you cannot be healed. Jehovah will strike you with madness, and blindness, and stupefaction. 2 You will be made mad by what your eyes will see 3 . Jehovah will strike you with evil sores on the knees and on the thighs, from which you cannot be healed, from the sole of your foot to the top of your head. He will throw back onto you every disease of Egypt, also every sickness and every plague that is not written in the book of this Law. Jehovah will give you a trembling heart, failing 4 of eyes, and distress of soul. Deuteronomy 28:15, 20-22, 27-28, 34-35, 60-61, 65.

All the sicknesses mentioned here mean spiritual sicknesses, which are evils destructive of the life of a will desiring what is good and falsities destructive of the life of an understanding seeing what is true, in short things destructive of spiritual life composed of faith and charity. Natural sicknesses also correspond to such things, for every sickness present among the human race has its origin in spiritual ones, because each exists as a result of sin, 5712, 5726. Each sickness furthermore corresponds to its own evil. The explanation for this is that everything composing a person's life originates in the spiritual world. If therefore his spiritual life is sick, evil spreads from it into his natural life and becomes a sickness there. See what has been stated from experience in 5711-5727 about the correspondence of sicknesses with evils.

[4] The same things are meant by 'sicknesses' elsewhere, as in Moses,

You shall worship Jehovah your God, in order that He may bless your bread and your water; and I will take sickness out of your midst. Exodus 23:25.

In the same author,

If you despise My statutes, and if your soul abhors My judgements, so that you do not do all My commandments, while you make void My covenant, I will appoint terror over you, along with consumption, and burning fever, which will consume the eyes and torment the soul. Leviticus 26:15-16.

'Consumption' stands for the decrease of truth and the increase of falsity, 'burning fever' for the desire for evil. Further still, in Isaiah,

Why will you also defect? 5 The whole head [departs] into sickness, and the whole heart is diseased. From the sole of the foot even to the head there is no soundness in it, but wounds, and scars, and recent blows. They are not pressed out, nor bound up, nor softened with oil. Isaiah 1:5-6.

Here nobody can fail to see that 'sickness', 'wounds', 'scars', and 'blows' are used to mean sins. Similarly in Ezekiel,

Woe to the shepherds of Israel! The weak sheep you have not strengthened, the sick you have not healed, and the broken you have not bound up. Ezekiel 34:2, 4.

In David,

My iniquities have gone over my head. My wounds have become putrid, they have rotted away because of my foolishness. For my intestines are full of burning, and there is no soundness in my flesh. Psalms 38:4-7.

[5] Since the disorders and evils of spiritual life are meant by 'sicknesses', the various kinds of disorders and evils of that life are meant by the various kinds of sicknesses. 'Pestilence' means the vastation or laying waste of goodness and truth, see 7102, 7505; and 'leprosy' means the profanation of truth, 6963. In general 'sicknesses' means sins, as may also be seen in Isaiah,

... a man of sorrows, and acquainted with sickness, on account of which as it were men hid their faces from Him. He was despised, so that we did not esteem Him. Nevertheless He has borne our sicknesses and carried our sorrows, and through His wounds healing has been given to us. Isaiah 53:3-5.

This refers to the Lord.

[6] Since sicknesses represented the unrighteous ways and the evils of spiritual life the sicknesses which the Lord healed have as their meaning deliverance from the different kinds of evil and falsity that were molesting the Church and human race and that would have brought spiritual death. Divine miracles are distinguishable from other miracles by the fact that they involve and have regard to states of the Church and the heavenly kingdom; and this is why the Lord's miracles were primarily healing of sicknesses. These miracles are meant by the Lord's words addressed to the disciples sent by John,

Tell John the things which you hear and see: the blind see and the lame walk; lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear; the dead rise again and the poor hear the gospel. Matthew 11:4-5.

This is why it says so many times that the Lord healed every sickness and every disease among the people, Matthew 4:23; 9:35; 14:14, 35-36; Luke 4:40; 5:15; 6:17; 7:21; Mark 1:32-34; 3:10.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, in every sending of your hand which you shall do

2. literally, astonishment of heart

3. literally, by the sight of your eyes

4. literally, consumption

5. literally, Why will you add to a going back?

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.