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2 Samuel 13

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1 Nogen Tid efter tildrog følgende sig. Davids Søn Absalon havde en smuk Søster, som hed Tamar, og Davids Søn Amnon fattede Kærlighed til hende.

2 Amnon blev syg af Attrå efter sin Søster Tamar; thi hun var Jomfru, og Amnon øjnede ingen Mulighed for at få sin Vilje med hende.

3 Men Amnon havde en Ven ved Navn Jonadab, en Søn af Davids Broder Sjim'a, og denne Jonadab var en såre klog Mand;

4 han sagde til ham: "Hvorfor er du så elendig hver Morgen, Kongesøn? Vil du ikke sige mig det?" Amnon svarede: "Jeg elsker min Broder Absalons Søster Tamar!"

5 Da sagde Jonadab til ham: "Læg dig til Sengs og lad, som du er syg! Når så din Fader kommer for at se til dig, skal du sige: Lad min Søster Tamar komme og give mig noget at spise! Når hun laver Maden i mit Påsyn, så at jeg kan se det, og hun selv giver mig den, kan jeg spise."

6 Så gik Amnon til Sengs og lod. som han var syg; og da Kongen kom for at se til ham, sagde Amnon til Kongen: "Lad min Søster Tamar komme og lave et Par Kager i mit Påsyn og selv give mig dem: så kan jeg spise."

7 David sendte da Bud ind i Huset til Tamar og lod sige: "Gå over til din Broder Amnons Hus og lav Mad til ham!"

8 Og Tamar gik over til sin Broder Amnons Hus, hvor han lå til Sengs, tog Dejen, æltede den og lavede Kagerne i hans Påsyn og bagte dem;

9 derpå tog hun Panden og hældte dem ud i hans Påsyn; Amnon vilde dog ikke spise, men sagde: "Lad alle gå udenfor!" Og da de alle var gået udenfor,

10 sagde Amnon til Tamar: "Bær Maden ind i Inderværelset og lad mig få den af din egen Hånd!" Da tog Tamar Kagerne, som hun havde lavet, og bar dem ind i Inderværelset til sin Broder Amnon.

11 Men da hun bar dem hen til ham, for at han skulde spise, greb han fat i hende og sagde: "Kom og lig hos mig, Søster!"

12 Men hun sagde: "Nej, Broder! Krænk mig ikke! Således gør man ikke i Israel! Øv dog ikke denne Skændselsdåd!

13 Hvor skulde jeg gå hen med min Skam? Og du vilde blive regnet blandt Dårer i Israel! Tal hellere med Kongen; han nægter dig ikke at få mig!"

14 Han, vilde dog ikke høre hende, men tog hende med Vold, krænkede hende og lå hos hende.

15 Men bagefter hadede Amnon hende med et såre stort Had; ja det Had, han følte mod hende, var større end den Kærlighed, han havde båret til hende. Og Amnon sagde til hende: "Stå op og gå din Vej!"

16 Da sagde hun til ham: "Nej, Broder! Den Udåd, at du nu jager mig bort, er endnu større end den anden, du øvede imod mig!" Han vilde dog ikke høre hende,

17 men kaldte på den unge Mand, der var hans Tjener, og sagde: "Få mig hende der ud af Huset og stæng Døren efter hende!"

18 Hun bar en fodsid Kjortel med Ærmer; thi således klædte Jomfruerne blandt Kongedøtrene sig fordum. Tjeneren førte hende da ud af Huset og stængede Døren efter hende.

19 Men Tamar strøede Aske på sit Hoved og sønderrev den fodside Kjortel, hun havde på, og tog sig til Hovedet og skreg ustandseligt, medens hun gik bort.

20 Da sagde hendes Broder Absalon til hende: "Har din Broder Amnon været hos dig? Ti nu stille, Søster! Han er jo din Broder; tag dig ikke den Sag nær!" Tamar sad da ensom hen i sin Broder Absalons Hus.

21 Da Kong David hørte alt dette, blev han meget vred; men han bebrejdede ikke sin Søn Amnon noget, thi han elskede ham, fordi han var hans førstefødte.

22 Og Absalon talte ikke til Amnon, hverken ondt eller godt; thi Absalon hadede Amnon, fordi han havde krænket hans Søster Tamar.

23 Men et Par År efter holdt Absalon Fåreklipning i Ba'al-Hazor, som ligger ved Efraim, og dertil indbød Absalon alle Kongesønnerne.

24 Absalon kom til Kongen og sagde: "Se, din Træl holder Fåreklipning; vil ikke Kongen og hans Folk tage med din Træl derhen?"

25 Men Kongen sagde til Absalon: "Nej, min Søn! Vi vil ikke alle gå med, for at vi ikke skal falde dig til Byrde!" Og skønt han nødte ham, vilde han ikke gå med, men tog Afsked med ham.

26 Da sagde Absalon: "Så lad i alt Fald min Broder Amnon gå med!" Men Kongen sagde til ham: "Hvorfor skal han med?"

27 Da Absalon nødte ham, lod han dog Amnon og de andre Kongesønner gå med. Og Absalon gjorde et kongeligt Gæstebud.

28 Men Absalon gav sine Folk den Befaling: "Pas på, når Vinen er gået Amnon til Hovedet; når jeg så siger til eder: Hug Amnon ned! dræb ham så! Frygt ikke; det er mig, som befaler jer det. Tag Mod til jer og vis jer som kække Mænd!"

29 Absalons Folk gjorde ved Amnon, som Absalon havde befalet. Da brød alle Kongesønnerne op, besteg deres Muldyr og flyede.

30 Medens de endnu var undervejs, nåede det ygte David: "Absalon har hugget alle Kongesønnerne ned, ikke en eneste er tilbage af dem!"

31 Da stod Kongen op, sønderrev sine Klæder og lagde sig på Jorden; også alle hans Folk, som stod hos, sønderrev deres Klæder.

32 Men Jonadab Davids Broder Sjim'as Søn, tog til Orde og sagde: "Min Herre må ikke tro, at de har dræbt alle de unge Kongesønner; kun Amnon er død, thi der har været noget ved Absalons Mund, som ikke varslede godt, lige siden den Dag Amnon krænkede hans Søster Tamar.

33 Derfor må min Herre Kongen ikke, tage sig det nær og tro, at alle Kongesønnerne er døde. Kun Amnon er død!"

34 Da den unge Mand, som holdt Udkig, så ud, fik han Øje på en Mængde Mennesker, som kom ned ad Skråningen på Vejen til Horonajim, og han gik ind og meldte Kongen: "Jeg kan se, der kommer Mennesker ned ad Bjergsiden på Vejen til Horonajim."

35 Da sagde Jonadab til Kongen: "Der kommer Kongesønnerne; det er, som din Træl sagde!"

36 Og som han havde sagt det, kom Kongesønnerne, og de brast i Gråd; også Kongen og alle hans folk brast i heftig Gråd.

37 Men Absalon flygtede og begav sig til Kong Talmaj, Ammihuds Søn, i Gesjur. Og Kongen sørgede over sin Søn i al den Tid.

38 Da Absalon flygtede, begav han sig til Gesjur, og der blev han tre År.

39 Men Kongen begyndte at længes inderligt efter Absalon, thi han havde trøstet sig over Amnons Død.

   


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Arcana Coelestia # 4763

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4763. 'And he rent his clothes' means mourning. This is clear from the meaning of 'rending clothes' as mourning, that is to say, mourning on account of the loss of truth, or the fact that no faith exists. In the Word, especially the historical part, one often reads about people rending their clothes, but the origin of that practice is not known at the present day. Nor is it known that it was representative of grief on account of the loss of truth. This practice became representative from the fact that 'clothes' meant truths, as has been shown and may be seen in 4545. Further on in this chapter it is also said that when Jacob recognized his son's tunic he rent his clothes, verse 34, by which mourning for lost truth is meant. Similar instances of this practice occur elsewhere in the Word, where it is stated that when the Rabshakeh was sent by Sennacherib king of Asshur and uttered insults against Jerusalem, Eliakim who was over the king's house, and Shebna the secretary, and Joash the recorder 1 rent their clothes and reported these things to king Hezekiah; and when he heard them the king too rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth, Isaiah 36:22; 37:1; 2 Kings 18:37; 19:1. The insults he uttered were directed against God, the king, and Jerusalem, and so against Divine Truth, as is even more evident from the internal sense of this narrative. It was to express mourning therefore that their clothes were rent.

[2] When Jehudi had read before the king the scroll which Jeremiah wrote, it is said that he threw it into the fire, but the king and his servants who were listening to all those words did not tear their clothes apart, Jeremiah 36:23-24. 'They did not tear their clothes apart' meant that they did not mourn on account of the non-acceptance of Divine Truth. Something similar is implied by Joshua the son of Nun and Caleb the son of Jephunneh rending their clothes, when the spies spoke in opposition to them, by speaking unfavourably about the land of Canaan, Numbers 14:6; for 'the land of Canaan' means the Lord's kingdom, and 'to speak in opposition to this' describes falsity in opposition to Divine Truth. Mourning over the loss of Divine Truth and Divine Good is meant where it is said, in 1 Samuel 4:11-12, that when the ark of God was captured by the Philistines and both of Eli's sons died, a man ran from the line of battle to Shiloh, with rent clothes and dust on his head. Because 'the ark' represented the Lord's kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord Himself, and consequently represented everything holy in the Church, 'rent clothes' meant grief over the loss of Divine Truth, while 'dust on his head' meant grief over the loss of Divine Good.

[3] In the narrative about Samuel and Saul one reads,

When Samuel turned to go away Saul took hold of the skirt of his tunic, and it was torn away. Therefore Samuel said to him, Jehovah has torn the kingdom of Israel from upon you this day and has given it to your companion. I will not return with you, for you have rejected the word of Jehovah, and Jehovah has rejected you from being king over Israel. 1 Samuel 15:26-28.

The tearing away by Saul of the skirt of Samuel's tunic represented that which Samuel then stated - that the kingdom would be torn from him and that he would not be the king of Israel any longer. For 'the kingdom' in the internal sense means Divine Truth, 1672, 2547, 4691, as also does 'king' and 'kingship', 1672, 1728, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4575, 4581, especially the king and the kingdom of Israel, since 'Israel' represented the Lord's kingship. The meaning is similar in what is recorded concerning Jeroboam and Ahijah the prophet,

When Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, and Ahijah the prophet found him on the road, when he was covered with a new garment and both were alone in the field, Ahijah took hold of the new garment that was on him and rent it into twelve pieces; and he said to Jeroboam, Take for yourself ten pieces; for thus said Jehovah, the God of Israel, behold, I am rending [the kingdom] from the hand of Solomon and I will give you ten tribes. 1 Kings 11:29-31.

[4] The second Book of Samuel likewise records that when Saul was killed in battle they tore their clothes apart,

When Saul was killed in battle, on the third day a man came from the camp, whose clothes had been rent. And when David heard about the death of Saul, David took hold of his garments and tore them apart; and so did all his servants who were with him. 2 Samuel 1:2, 10-12.

This too represented mourning because of Divine Truth, lost and cast away by those who adhered to faith separated from charity. For as stated above, 'kingship' meant Divine Truth, while 'the Philistines' by whom Saul was slain represented adherents to faith separated from charity, 1197, 1198, 3412, 3413. The same is also evident from David's lament over him, in verses 18-27 of the same chapter.

[5] When Absalom had slain Amnon his brother and the news reached David that Absalom had slain all the king's sons, David tore his clothes apart and lay on the ground; and all his servants standing by tore their clothes apart, 2 Samuel 13:28, 30-31. This too was done for the sake of the representation that truths from the Divine were lost, those truths being meant in the internal sense by 'the king's sons'. A similar meaning exists in the reference to Hushai the Archite who with his tunic torn apart came to meet David when he fled from Absalom, 2 Samuel 15:32; for in the Word 'a king', and in particular David, represents Divine Truth. The meaning is also very similar in the reference to Ahab, who tore his clothes apart and put sackcloth over his flesh when Elijah told Ahab the king of Israel the words of Jehovah, to the effect that he would be completely wiped out for the evil he had done, 1 Kings 21:27-29.

[6] The fact that tearing apart or rending clothes represented mourning the loss of Truth is additionally clear from the following: Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the law in the house of Jehovah. When Shaphan read it before king Josiah and the king heard the words of the Book of the law, he tore his clothes apart, 2 Kings 22:11. Plainly the king did so because the Word, that is, Divine truth, had been lost for so long and in their hearts and life had been blotted out.

[7] The tearing apart of his own clothes by the high priest, when the Lord confessed He was the Christ the Son of God, and his declaration that He had spoken utter blasphemy, Matthew 26:63-65; Mark 14:63-64, meant that the high priest was absolutely convinced that the Lord had spoken against the Word and so against Divine truth. When Elijah went up in the whirlwind, and Elisha saw it, it is said,

He took hold of his own clothes and tore them into two pieces. And he took up Elijah's tunic that had fallen from upon him, and he struck the waters and they were divided this way and that, and Elisha went over. 2 Kings 2:11-14.

Elisha tore his own clothes apart at that time to express mourning the loss of the Word, that is, of Divine Truth; for 'Elijah' represents the Lord as regards the Word, that is, Divine Truth, 2762. When the tunic fell from Elijah and was picked up by Elisha, the continuation of Elijah's representation by Elisha was represented, 'the tunic' meaning Divine Truth, see 4677. This also explains why the garment torn apart when such mourning took place was the tunic, as is evident from some of the places that have been quoted. Because 'a garment' meant the truth possessed by the Church, and in the highest sense Divine Truth, it was therefore shameful, except when one was mourning, to go about with clothes that were torn. This is evident from what was done to David's servants by Hanun king of the children of Ammon, when he cut off half the beard of each one, and their garments at the middle even to their buttocks, for which reason they were not allowed to come to David, 2 Samuel 10:4-5.

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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.