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1 Samuel 15

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1 Samuel sagde til Saul: "Det var mig, HE EN sendte for at salve dig til konge over hans Folk Israel; lyd nu HE ENs øst.

2 siger Hærskarers HE E: Jeg vil straffe Amalek for, hvad de gjorde mod Israel, da de stillede sig i Vejen for det på Vandringen op fra Ægypten.

3 Drag derfor hen og slå Amalek og læg Band på dem og på alt, hvad der tilhører dem; skån dem ikke, men dræb både Mænd og Kvinder, Børn og diende, Okser og Får, Kameler og Æsler!"

4 Så stævnede Saul Folket sammen og mønstrede dem i Telaim, 200000 Mand Fodfolk og 10000 Mand af Juda.

5 Derpå drog Saul mod Amaleks By og lagde Baghold i Dalen.

6 Men Saul sagde til Keniterne: "Skil eder fra Amalekiterne og gå eders Vej, for at jeg ikke skal udrydde eder sammen med dem; I viste jo Venlighed mod alle Israeliterne, dengang de drog op fra Ægypten!" Så trak Keniterne sig tilbage fra Amalek.

7 Og Saul slog Amalek fra Havila til Sjur, som ligger østen for Ægypten,

8 og tog Kong Agag af Amalek levende til Fange. På alt Folket lagde han Band og huggede dem ned med Sværdet;

9 men Saul og Folket skånede Agag og det bedste af Småkvæget og Hornkvæget, de fede og velnærede Dyr, alt det bedste; de vilde ikke lægge Band på dem,men på alt det dårlige og værdiløse Kvæg lagde de Band.

10 Da kom HE ENs Ord til Samuel således:

11 "Jeg angrer, at jeg gjorde Saul til Konge; thi han har vendt sig fra mig og ikke holdt mine Befalinger!" Da vrededes Samuel og råbte til HE EN hele Natten.

12 Næste Morgen tidlig, da Samuel vilde gå Saul i Møde, blev der meldt ham: "Saul kom til Karmel og rejste sig et Mindesmærke der; så vendte han om og drog videre ned til Gilgal!"

13 Samuel begav sig da til Saul. Saul sagde til ham: "HE EN velsigne dig! Jeg har holdt HE ENs Befaling!"

14 Men Samuel sagde: "Hvad er det for en Brægen af Småkvæg, som når mit Øre, og Brølen af Hornkvæg, jeg hører?"

15 Saul svarede: "De tog dem med fra Amalekiterne; thi Folket skånede det bedste af Småkvæget og Hornkvæget for at ofre det til HE EN din Gud; på det andet derimod lagde vi Band!"

16 Da sagde Samuel til Saul: "bet er nok! Jeg vil kundgøre dig, hvad HE EN i Nat har sagt mig!" Han svarede: "Tal!"

17 Da sagde Samuel: "Om du end ikke regner dig selv for noget, er du så ikke Høvding for Israels Stammer, og salvede HE EN dig ikke til Konge over Israel?

18 Og HE EN sendte dig af Sted med den Befaling: Gå hen og læg Band på Amalekiterne, de Syndere, og før Krig imod dem, indtil du har udryddet dem!

19 Hvorfor adlød du da ikke HE ENs øst, men styrtede dig over Byttet og gjorde, hvad der er ondt i HE ENs Øjne?"

20 Saul svarede Samuel: "Jeg adlød HE ENs øst og gik, hvor HE EN sendte mig hen; jeg har bragt Kong Agag af Amalek med og lagt Band på Amalek;

21 men Folket tog Småkvæg og Hornkvæg af Byttet, det bedste af det bandlyste, for at ofre det til HE EN din Gud i Gilgal."

22 Men Samuel sagde: "Mon HE EN har lige så meget Behag i Brændofre og Slagtofre som i Lydighed mod HE ENs Høst? Nej, at adlyde er mere værd end Slagtoffer, og at være lydhør er mere værd end Væderfedt;

23 thi Genstridighed er Trolddomssynd, og Egenrådighed er Afgudsbrøde. Fordi du har forkastet HE ENs Ord, har han forkastet dig, så du ikke mere skal være Konge!"

24 Da sagde Saul til Samuel: "Jeg har syndet, thi jeg har overtrådt HE ENs Befaling og dine Ord, men jeg frygtede Folket og føjede dem:

25 tilgiv mig dog nu min Synd og vend tilbage med mig, for at jeg kan tilbede HE EN!"

26 Men Samuel sagde til Saul: "Jeg vender ikke tilbage med dig; fordi du har forkastet HE ENs Ord, har HE EN forkastet dig, så du ikke mer skal være Konge over Israel!"

27 Derpå vendte Samuel sig for at gå, men Saul greb fat i hans Kappeflig, så den reves af.

28 Da sagde Samuel til ham: "HE EN har i Dag revet Kongedømmet over Israel fra dig og givet det til en anden, som er bedre end du!

29 Visselig, han, som er Israels Herlighed, lyver ikke, ej heller angrer han; thi han er ikke et Menneske, at han skulde angre!"

30 Saul sagde: "Jeg har syndet; men vis mig dog Ære for mit Folks Ældste og Israel og vend tilbage med mig, for at jeg kan tilbede HE EN din Gud!"

31 Da vendte Samuel tilbage med Saul, og Saul tilbad HE EN.

32 Derpå sagde Samuel: "Bring Kong Agag af Amalek hid til mig!" Og Agag gik frejdigt hen til ham og sagde: "Visselig, nu er Dødens Bitterhed svundet!"

33 Da sagde Samuel: "Som dit Sværd har gjort Kvinder barnløse, skal din Moder blive barnløs fremfor andre Kvinder!" Derpå sønderhuggede Samuel Agag for HE ENs Åsyn i Gilgal.

34 Samuel begav sig så til ama, mens Saul drog op til sit Hjem i Sauls Gibea.

35 Og Samuel så ikke mere Saul indtil sin Dødedag; thi Samuel sørgede over Saul. HE EN angrede, at han havde gjort Saul til Konge over Israel;

   


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Arcana Coelestia # 4763

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4763. 'And he rent his clothes' means mourning. This is clear from the meaning of 'rending clothes' as mourning, that is to say, mourning on account of the loss of truth, or the fact that no faith exists. In the Word, especially the historical part, one often reads about people rending their clothes, but the origin of that practice is not known at the present day. Nor is it known that it was representative of grief on account of the loss of truth. This practice became representative from the fact that 'clothes' meant truths, as has been shown and may be seen in 4545. Further on in this chapter it is also said that when Jacob recognized his son's tunic he rent his clothes, verse 34, by which mourning for lost truth is meant. Similar instances of this practice occur elsewhere in the Word, where it is stated that when the Rabshakeh was sent by Sennacherib king of Asshur and uttered insults against Jerusalem, Eliakim who was over the king's house, and Shebna the secretary, and Joash the recorder 1 rent their clothes and reported these things to king Hezekiah; and when he heard them the king too rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth, Isaiah 36:22; 37:1; 2 Kings 18:37; 19:1. The insults he uttered were directed against God, the king, and Jerusalem, and so against Divine Truth, as is even more evident from the internal sense of this narrative. It was to express mourning therefore that their clothes were rent.

[2] When Jehudi had read before the king the scroll which Jeremiah wrote, it is said that he threw it into the fire, but the king and his servants who were listening to all those words did not tear their clothes apart, Jeremiah 36:23-24. 'They did not tear their clothes apart' meant that they did not mourn on account of the non-acceptance of Divine Truth. Something similar is implied by Joshua the son of Nun and Caleb the son of Jephunneh rending their clothes, when the spies spoke in opposition to them, by speaking unfavourably about the land of Canaan, Numbers 14:6; for 'the land of Canaan' means the Lord's kingdom, and 'to speak in opposition to this' describes falsity in opposition to Divine Truth. Mourning over the loss of Divine Truth and Divine Good is meant where it is said, in 1 Samuel 4:11-12, that when the ark of God was captured by the Philistines and both of Eli's sons died, a man ran from the line of battle to Shiloh, with rent clothes and dust on his head. Because 'the ark' represented the Lord's kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord Himself, and consequently represented everything holy in the Church, 'rent clothes' meant grief over the loss of Divine Truth, while 'dust on his head' meant grief over the loss of Divine Good.

[3] In the narrative about Samuel and Saul one reads,

When Samuel turned to go away Saul took hold of the skirt of his tunic, and it was torn away. Therefore Samuel said to him, Jehovah has torn the kingdom of Israel from upon you this day and has given it to your companion. I will not return with you, for you have rejected the word of Jehovah, and Jehovah has rejected you from being king over Israel. 1 Samuel 15:26-28.

The tearing away by Saul of the skirt of Samuel's tunic represented that which Samuel then stated - that the kingdom would be torn from him and that he would not be the king of Israel any longer. For 'the kingdom' in the internal sense means Divine Truth, 1672, 2547, 4691, as also does 'king' and 'kingship', 1672, 1728, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4575, 4581, especially the king and the kingdom of Israel, since 'Israel' represented the Lord's kingship. The meaning is similar in what is recorded concerning Jeroboam and Ahijah the prophet,

When Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, and Ahijah the prophet found him on the road, when he was covered with a new garment and both were alone in the field, Ahijah took hold of the new garment that was on him and rent it into twelve pieces; and he said to Jeroboam, Take for yourself ten pieces; for thus said Jehovah, the God of Israel, behold, I am rending [the kingdom] from the hand of Solomon and I will give you ten tribes. 1 Kings 11:29-31.

[4] The second Book of Samuel likewise records that when Saul was killed in battle they tore their clothes apart,

When Saul was killed in battle, on the third day a man came from the camp, whose clothes had been rent. And when David heard about the death of Saul, David took hold of his garments and tore them apart; and so did all his servants who were with him. 2 Samuel 1:2, 10-12.

This too represented mourning because of Divine Truth, lost and cast away by those who adhered to faith separated from charity. For as stated above, 'kingship' meant Divine Truth, while 'the Philistines' by whom Saul was slain represented adherents to faith separated from charity, 1197, 1198, 3412, 3413. The same is also evident from David's lament over him, in verses 18-27 of the same chapter.

[5] When Absalom had slain Amnon his brother and the news reached David that Absalom had slain all the king's sons, David tore his clothes apart and lay on the ground; and all his servants standing by tore their clothes apart, 2 Samuel 13:28, 30-31. This too was done for the sake of the representation that truths from the Divine were lost, those truths being meant in the internal sense by 'the king's sons'. A similar meaning exists in the reference to Hushai the Archite who with his tunic torn apart came to meet David when he fled from Absalom, 2 Samuel 15:32; for in the Word 'a king', and in particular David, represents Divine Truth. The meaning is also very similar in the reference to Ahab, who tore his clothes apart and put sackcloth over his flesh when Elijah told Ahab the king of Israel the words of Jehovah, to the effect that he would be completely wiped out for the evil he had done, 1 Kings 21:27-29.

[6] The fact that tearing apart or rending clothes represented mourning the loss of Truth is additionally clear from the following: Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the law in the house of Jehovah. When Shaphan read it before king Josiah and the king heard the words of the Book of the law, he tore his clothes apart, 2 Kings 22:11. Plainly the king did so because the Word, that is, Divine truth, had been lost for so long and in their hearts and life had been blotted out.

[7] The tearing apart of his own clothes by the high priest, when the Lord confessed He was the Christ the Son of God, and his declaration that He had spoken utter blasphemy, Matthew 26:63-65; Mark 14:63-64, meant that the high priest was absolutely convinced that the Lord had spoken against the Word and so against Divine truth. When Elijah went up in the whirlwind, and Elisha saw it, it is said,

He took hold of his own clothes and tore them into two pieces. And he took up Elijah's tunic that had fallen from upon him, and he struck the waters and they were divided this way and that, and Elisha went over. 2 Kings 2:11-14.

Elisha tore his own clothes apart at that time to express mourning the loss of the Word, that is, of Divine Truth; for 'Elijah' represents the Lord as regards the Word, that is, Divine Truth, 2762. When the tunic fell from Elijah and was picked up by Elisha, the continuation of Elijah's representation by Elisha was represented, 'the tunic' meaning Divine Truth, see 4677. This also explains why the garment torn apart when such mourning took place was the tunic, as is evident from some of the places that have been quoted. Because 'a garment' meant the truth possessed by the Church, and in the highest sense Divine Truth, it was therefore shameful, except when one was mourning, to go about with clothes that were torn. This is evident from what was done to David's servants by Hanun king of the children of Ammon, when he cut off half the beard of each one, and their garments at the middle even to their buttocks, for which reason they were not allowed to come to David, 2 Samuel 10:4-5.

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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.