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Leviticus 7

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1 Tento pak bude řád oběti za provinění; svatá svatých jest.

2 Na kterémž místě zabijí se obět zápalná, na témž zabijí i obět za vinu, a pokropí krví její oltáře svrchu vůkol.

3 Všecken pak tuk její obětovati bude z ní, ocas i tuk střeva přikrývající.

4 Též obě dvě ledvinky s tukem, kterýž jest na nich i na slabinách; a branici, kteráž jest na jatrách, s ledvinkami odejme.

5 I bude páliti to kněz na oltáři v obět ohnivou Hospodinu; obět za provinění jest.

6 Všeliký pohlaví mužského mezi kněžími jísti bude ji, na místě svatém jedena bude; svatá svatých jest.

7 Jakož obět za hřích, tak obět za vinu, jednostejné právo míti budou; knězi, kterýž by ho očišťoval, přináležeti bude.

8 Knězi pak, kterýž by něčí obět zápalnou obětoval, kůže té oběti zápalné, kterouž obětoval, přináležeti bude.

9 Nadto všeliká obět suchá, kteráž v peci pečena bude, a všecko, což na pánvici aneb v kotlíku strojeno bude, knězi, kterýž to obětuje, přináležeti bude.

10 Tolikéž všeliká obět suchá olejem zadělaná aneb upražená, všechněm synům Aronovým přináležeti bude, a to jednomu jako druhému.

11 Tento pak bude řád oběti pokojné, kterouž by obětoval Hospodinu:

12 Jestliže by ji obětoval v oběti chvály, tedy obětovati bude v obět chvály koláče nekvašené, olejem zadělané a oplatky nekvašené, olejem pomazané a mouku bělnou smaženou, s těmi koláči olejem zadělanými.

13 Mimo ty koláče také chléb kvašený obětovati bude obět svou, v obět chvály pokojných obětí svých.

14 A budeť obětovati z něho jeden pecník, ze vší té oběti Hospodinu obět ku pozdvižení, a ten přináležeti bude tomu knězi, kterýž kropil krví té oběti pokojné.

15 Maso pak obět, z té oběti chvály, jenž jest obět pokojná, v den obětování jejího jedeno bude, aniž co zůstane z něho do jitra.

16 Jestliže by pak z slibu aneb z dobré vůle obětoval obět svou, tolikéž v den obětování jejího jedena bude; a jestliže by co zůstalo z toho, tedy na druhý den jísti se bude.

17 Jestliže by pak co masa z té oběti zůstalo do třetího dne, ohněm spáleno bude.

18 Pakli by kdo předce jedl maso oběti pokojné dne třetího, nebudeť příjemný ten, kterýž ji obětoval, aniž přijata bude, ale ohavnost bude, a kdož by koli jedl je, ponese nepravost svou.

19 Též maso, kteréž by se dotklo něčeho nečistého, nebude jedeno, ale ohněm spáleno bude; maso pak jiné, kdož by koli čistý byl, bude moci jísti.

20 Nebo člověk, kterýž by jedl maso z oběti pokojné, kteráž jest Hospodinu obětována, a byl by poškvrněný: tedy vyhlazen bude člověk ten z lidu svého.

21 A kdož by se dotkl něčeho nečistého, buďto nečistoty člověka, buď hovada nečistého aneb všeliké ohavnosti nečisté, a jedl by maso z oběti pokojné, kteráž jest Hospodinu posvěcena: tedy vyhlazen bude člověk ten z lidu svého.

22 Mluvil také Hospodin k Mojžíšovi, řka:

23 Mluv k synům Izraelským a rci jim: Žádného tuku z vola, aneb z ovce, aneb z kozy nebudete jísti.

24 Ačkoli tuk mrtvého a tuk udáveného hovada může užíván býti k všeliké potřebě, ale jísti ho nikoli nebudete.

25 Nebo kdož by koli jedl tuk z hovada, kteréž obětovati bude člověk v obět ohnivou Hospodinu, vyhlazen bude člověk ten, kterýž jedl, z lidu svého.

26 Tolikéž krve žádné jísti nebudete ve všech příbytcích svých, buď z ptactva, buď z hovada.

27 Všeliký člověk, kterýž by jedl jakou krev, vyhlazen bude z lidu svého.

28 Mluvil opět Hospodin k Mojžíšovi, řka:

29 Mluv k synům Izraelským a rci: Kdož by obětoval obět svou pokojnou Hospodinu, on sám přinese obět svou Hospodinu z obětí pokojných svých.

30 Ruce jeho obětovati budou obět ohnivou Hospodinu. Tuk s hrudím přinese, a hrudí aby bylo v obět sem i tam obracení před Hospodinem.

31 Páliti pak bude kněz tuk na oltáři, ale hrudí to zůstane Aronovi i synům jeho.

32 A plece pravé dáte knězi ku pozdvižení z obětí pokojných vašich.

33 Kdožkoli z synů Aronových obětovati bude krev obětí pokojných a tuk, tomu se dostane plece pravé na díl jeho.

34 Nebo hrudí sem i tam obracení a plece vzhůru pozdvižení vzal jsem od synů Izraelských z obětí pokojných jejich, a dal jsem je Aronovi knězi i synům jeho právem věčným od synů Izraelských.

35 Toť jest díl pomazání Aronova, a pomazání synů jeho z ohnivých obětí Hospodinových, ode dne toho, v kterémž jim přistoupiti rozkázal k vykonávání kněžství Hospodinu,

36 Kterýž přikázal Hospodin, aby jim ode dne, v kterémž jich pomazal, dáván byl od synů Izraelských právem věčným po rodech jejich.

37 Tenť jest řád oběti zápalné, oběti suché, oběti za hřích, oběti za vinu, a posvěcování i obětí pokojných,

38 Kteréž přikázal Hospodin Mojžíšovi na hoře Sinai toho dne, když přikázal synům Izraelským, aby obětovali oběti své Hospodinu na poušti Sinai.

   

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Explanation of Leviticus 7

Napsal(a) Henry MacLagan

The general summary of this interesting chapter, expressed also in its closing verses, is as follows:—Verses 1-7. Laws of Divine Order concerning the worship of the Lord from the truth of faith

Verses 8-10. The general law that man can only appropriate good as if it were his own

Verses 11-36. Laws concerning the worship of the Lord from freedom

Verses 22-27. The general law that man cannot appropriate good and truth as his own absolutely

Verses 28-36. The appropriation of spiritual and celestial good, when vivified by the Lord and acknowledged to be from Him, by man's exercise of his own powers from the Lord

Verses 37-38. A general summary of the laws of Divine Order concerning worship.

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Arcana Coelestia # 9229

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9229. And ye shall be men of holiness to Me. That this signifies the state of life then from good, is evident from the signification of “men of holiness,” as being those who are led by the Lord; for the Divine which proceeds from the Lord is holiness itself (see n. 6788, 7499, 8127, 8302, 8806), consequently those who receive it in faith and also in love are called “holy.” He who believes that a man is holy from any other source, and that anything else with him is holy than that which is from the Lord and is received, is very much mistaken. For that which is of man and is called his own, is evil. (That man’s own is nothing but evil, see n. 210, 215, 694, 874-876, 987, 1047, 4328, 5660, 5786, 8480, 8944; and that insofar as a man can be withheld from his own, so far the Lord can he present, thus that so far the man has holiness, n. 1023, 1044, 1581, 2256, 2388, 2406, 2411, 8206, 8393, 8988, 9014)

[2] That the Lord alone is holy, and that that alone is holy which proceeds from the Lord, thus that which man receives from the Lord, is plain from the Word throughout; as in John:

I sanctify Myself that they also may be sanctified in the truth (John 17:19);

“to sanctify Himself” denotes to make Himself Divine by His own power; and those are said to be “sanctified in the truth” who in faith and life receive the Divine truth proceeding from Him.

[3] Therefore also the Lord after His resurrection, speaking with the disciples, “breathed on them” and said unto them, “Receive ye the Holy Spirit” (John 20:22); the breathing upon them was representative of making them alive by faith and love, as also in the second chapter of Genesis: “Jehovah breathed into his nostrils the breath of lives, and man became a living soul” (verse 7); in like manner in other passages (Psalms 33:6; 104:29-30; Job 32:8; 33:4; John 3:8). From this also the Word is said to be inspired, because it is from the Lord, and they who wrote the Word are said to have been inspired. (That breathing, and thus inspiration, corresponds to the life of faith, see n. 97, 1119, 1120, 3883-3896.) From this it is that in the Word “spirit” is so called from “wind” or “breath,” and that what is holy from the Lord is called “the wind or breath of Jehovah” (n. 8286); also that the Holy Spirit is the holy proceeding from the the Lord, (n. 3704, 4673, 5307, 6788, 6982, 6993, 8127, 8302, 9199).

[4] So also it is said in John that the Lord “baptizeth with the Holy Spirit” (John 1:33); and in Luke that “He baptizeth with the Holy Spirit and with fire” (John 3:16). In the internal sense “to baptize” signifies to regenerate (n. 4255, 5120, 9088); “to baptize with the Holy Spirit and with fire” signifies to regenerate by the good of love. (That “fire” denotes the good of love, see n. 934, 4906, 5215, 6314, 6832, 6834, 6849, 7324) In John:

Who shall not fear Thee, O Lord, and glorify Thy name? For Thou only art holy (Revelation 15:4).

In Luke it is said by the angel concerning the Lord: “The holy thing that shall be born of thee” (Luke 1:35); and in Daniel, “I saw in the visions of my head upon my bed, and, behold a watcher and a holy one came down from heaven” (Daniel 4:13). In these passages “the holy thing” and “the holy one” denote the Lord.

[5] As the Lord alone is holy, He is called in the Old Testament the “Holy One of Israel,” the “Redeemer,” the “Preserver,” the “Regenerator” (Isaiah 1:4; 5:19, 24; 10:20; 12:6; 17:7; 29:19; 30:11-12, 15; 31:1; 37:23 41:14, 16, 20; 43:3, 14; 45:11; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7; 5 4:5; 55:5; 60:9, 14; Jeremiah 50:29; 51:5; Ezekiel 39:7; Psalms 71:22; 78:41; 89:18). And therefore the Lord in heaven, and consequently heaven itself, is called “the habitation of holiness” (Jeremiah 31:23; Isaiah 63:15; Jeremiah 25:30); also a “sanctuary” (Ezekiel 11:16; 24:21); and “the mountain of holiness” (Psalms 48:1). For the same reason the middle of the tent, where was the ark containing the Law, was called the “Holy of Holies (Exodus 26:33-34); for by the Law in the ark in the middle of the tent was represented the Lord as to the Word, because “the Law” denotes the Word (n. 6752, 7463).

[6] All this shows why the angels are called “holy” (Matthew 25:31; Mark 8:38; Luke 9:26; Psalms 149:1; Daniel 8:13); also the prophets (Luke 1:70); and likewise the apostles (Revelation 18:20); not that they are holy from themselves, but from the Lord, who alone is holy, and from whom alone proceeds what is holy; for by “angels” are signified truths, because they are receptions of truth from the the Lord, (n. 1925, 4085, 4295, 4402, 7268, 7873, 8192, 8301); by “prophets” is signified the doctrine of truth which comes through the Word from the the Lord, (n. 2534, 7269); and by “apostles” are signified in their complex all the truths and goods of faith which are from the the Lord, (n. 3488, 3858, 6397).

[7] The sanctifications among the Israelitish and Jewish people were for the purpose of representing the Lord who alone is holy, and the holiness which is from Him alone. This was the purpose of the sanctification of Aaron and his sons (Exodus 29:1, etc.; Leviticus 8:10-11, 13, 30); of the sanctification of their garments (Exodus 29:21, etc.); of the sanctification of the altar, that it might be a holy of holies (Exodus 29:37, etc.); of the sanctification of the tent of the assembly, of the ark of the testimony, of the table, of all the vessels, of the altar of incense, of the altar of burnt-offering, and of the vessels thereof, and of the laver and the base thereof (Exodus 30:26, etc.).

[8] That the Lord is the holiness itself that was represented, is also plain from His words in Matthew, as viewed in the internal sense:

Ye fools and blind! Whether is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold? And whether is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifieth the gift? (Matthew 23:17, 19);

by the temple was represented the Lord Himself, and also by the altar; and by the “gold” was signified the good which is from the Lord; and by the “gift” or sacrifice, were signified the things that belong to faith and charity from the Lord. (That the Lord was represented by the temple, see n. 2777, 3720; also that He was represented by the altar, n. 2777, 2811, 4489, 8935, 8940 and that by “gold” was signified good from the Lord, n. 1551, 1552, 5658; and by a “sacrifice” worship from the faith and charity which are from the Lord, n. 922, 923, 2805, 2807, 2830, 6905, 8680, 8682, 8936)

[9] In view of all this it is evident why the sons of Israel were called a “holy people” (Deuteronomy 26:19, and elsewhere); and in the words before us “men of holiness;” namely, from the fact that in every detail of their worship were represented the Divine things of the Lord, and the celestial and spiritual things of His kingdom and church. They were therefore called “holy” in a representative sense. They themselves were not holy on this account, because the representatives had regard to the holy things that were represented, and not to the person who represented them (n. 665, 1097, 1361, 3147, 3881, 4208, 4281, 4288, 4292, 4307, 4444, 4500, 6304, 7048, 7439, 8588, 8788, 8806).

[10] Hence also it is that Jerusalem was called “holy;” and Zion, “the mountain of holiness” (Zech. 8:3, and elsewhere). Also in Matthew:

And the tombs were opened; and many bodies of the saints that were dead were raised; and coming forth out of their tombs after the Lord’s resurrection, they entered into the holy city, and appeared unto many (Matthew 27:52-53);

Jerusalem is here called “the holy city,” although it was rather profane than holy, for the Lord had then been crucified in it, and it is therefore called “Sodom and Egypt” in John:

Their bodies shall lie on the street of the great city which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also our Lord was crucified (Revelation 11:8).

But it is called “holy” from the fact that it signifies the Lord’s kingdom and church (n. 402, 2117, 3654). The “saints that were dead” appearing there, which happened to some in vision, signified the salvation of those who were of the spiritual church, and the elevation into the Holy Jerusalem, which is heaven, of those who until that time had been detained in the lower earth (of which above, n. 6854, 6914, 7090, 7828, 7932, 8049, 8054, 8159, 8321).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.