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Leviticus 5

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1 Zhřešil-li by člověk, tak že slyše hlas zakletí a jsa svědkem toho, což viděl neb slyšel, a neoznámil by, poneseť pokutu za nepravost svou.

2 Aneb jestliže by se dotkl člověk některé věci nečisté, buďto těla zvěři nečisté, buďto těla hovada nečistého, aneb těla žížaly nečisté, a bylo by to skryto před ním, tedy nečistý bude a vinen jest.

3 Aneb jestliže by se dotkl nečistoty člověka, jaká by koli byla nečistota jeho, kterouž se poškvrňuje, a bylo by to skryto před ním, a potom poznal by to, vinen jest.

4 Aneb jestliže by se kdo zapřisáhl, vynášeje to rty svými, že učiní něco zlého aneb dobrého, a to o jakékoli věci, o níž člověk s přísahou obyčej má mluviti, a bylo by to skryto před ním, a potom by poznal, že vinen jest jednou věcí z těch,

5 Když tedy vinen bude jednou věcí z těch: vyzná hřích svůj,

6 A přivede obět za vinu svou Hospodinu, za hřích svůj, kterýmž zhřešil, samici z dobytku drobného, ovci aneb kozu za hřích, a očistíť jej kněz od hříchů jeho.

7 A pakli by s to býti nemohl, aby dobytče obětoval, tedy přinese obět za vinu svou, kterouž zhřešil, dvě hrdličky aneb dvé holoubátek Hospodinu, jedno v obět za hřích a druhé v obět zápalnou.

8 I přinese je k knězi, a on obětovati bude nejprvé to, kteréž má býti v obět za hřích, a nehtem natrhne hlavy jeho naproti tylu jeho, však nerozdělí jí.

9 I pokropí krví z oběti za hřích strany oltáře, a což zůstane krve, vytlačí ji k spodku oltáře; nebo obět za hřích jest.

10 Z druhého pak učiní obět zápalnou vedlé obyčeje. A tak očistí jej kněz od hříchu jeho, kterýmž zhřešil, a bude mu odpuštěn.

11 A pakli nemůže s to býti, aby přinesl dvě hrdličky aneb dvé holoubátek, tedy přinese obět svou ten, kterýž zhřešil, desátý díl míry efi mouky bělné v obět za hřích. Nenalejeť na ni oleje, aniž položí na ni kadidla, nebo obět za hřích jest.

12 Kterouž když přinese k knězi, tedy kněz vezma z ní plnou hrst svou, pamětné její, páliti to bude na oltáři mimo obět ohnivou Hospodinu, obět za hřích jest.

13 I očistí jej kněz od hříchu jeho, kterýmž zhřešil v kterékoli věci z těch, a budeť mu odpuštěn; ostatek pak bude knězi jako při oběti suché.

14 Mluvil opět Hospodin k Mojžíšovi, řka:

15 Kdyby člověk přestoupil přestoupením, a zhřešil by z poblouzení, ujímaje věcí posvěcených Hospodinu: tedy přinese obět za vinu svou Hospodinu, skopce bez poškvrny z drobného dobytka, podlé ceny tvé, nejníž za dva loty stříbra, vedlé lotu svatyně, za vinu.

16 A tak, což zhřešil, ujímaje posvěcených věcí, nahradí, a pátý díl nad to přidá, dada to knězi; kněz pak očistí jej skrze skopce oběti za vinu, a bude jemu odpuštěna.

17 Jestliže by pak člověk zhřešil, a učinil by proti některému ze všech přikázaní Hospodinových, čehož by nemělo býti, neznaje toho, a byl by vinen, rovně též ponese nepravost svou.

18 A přivede skopce bez poškvrny z drobného dobytka vedlé ceny tvé v obět za vinu k knězi. I očistí jej kněz od poblouzení jeho, kterýmž pobloudil a o němž nevěděl, a bude mu odpuštěno.

19 Obět za provinění jest, nebo zavinil Hospodinu.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 776

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776. '[Every] bird according to its kind' means all spiritual truth, 'flying things' means natural truth, and 'winged thing' sensory truth. This is clear from what has been stated and shown already about birds, as in 40. The most ancient people likened man's thoughts to birds, for in relation to things of the will, thoughts are like birds. Since bird, flying thing, and winged thing are mentioned here, and come consecutively in the way that intellectual concepts, rational concepts, and sensory impressions do in man, and to prevent anyone doubting that this is what they mean, let other places from the Word of a confirmatory nature be quoted, from which as well it will be evident that 'beasts' means such things as have been stated.

[2] In David,

You have given Him dominion over the works of Your hands; You have put all things under His feet, flocks and all cattle, and also the beasts of the fields, the flying things of the air, 1 and the fish of the sea. Psalms 8:6-8.

This refers to the Lord, whose dominion over man and over what belongs to man is described in this fashion. If this were not so, what would 'dominion over beasts and birds' really be? In the same author,

Fruit tree and all cedars, wild animal and every beast, creeping thing and flying thing - they shall glorify the name of Jehovah. Psalms 148:9-10, 13.

'Fruit tree' is the celestial man, 'cedar' the spiritual man, 'wild animal and beast and creeping thing' the goods of these kinds of man, as in the present context. 'Flying thing' is their truths from which they are able to glorify the name of Jehovah. This a wild animal, a beast, a creeping thing, or a flying thing can never do. In secular literature such statements can be used as hyperbole, but in the Word of the Lord they are never just hyperbole but meaningful signs and representatives.

[3] In Ezekiel,

They start to tremble before Me - the fish of the sea, and the birds of the air, 2 and the wild animals of the field, and every creeping thing creeping over the ground, and every man that is on the face 3 of the ground. Ezekiel 38:20.

The fact that 'beasts' and 'birds' here have such meanings is quite clear, for what would Jehovah's glory be if fish, birds, and beasts were to start to tremble? Could anyone think that such utterances are holy if they did not embody holy things within them? In Jeremiah,

I looked, and behold, there was no man; all the birds of the air 2 had fled. Jeremiah 4:15.

This stands for all good and truth. Here 'man' stands as well for good that stems from love. In the same prophet,

They have been laid waste so that no man passes through, neither do men hear the voice of the herd. From the birds of the air 2 down to beasts, they have scattered, they have gone away. Jeremiah 9:10.

This in a similar way stands for the departure of all truth and good.

[4] In the same prophet,

How long will the land mourn and the grass of every field wither? For the wickedness of those who dwell in it, the beasts and the birds have perished, for men said, He will not see our latter end. Jeremiah 11:4.

Here 'beasts' stands for goods, and 'birds' for truths, which perished. In Zephaniah,

I will consume man and beast, I will consume the birds of the air 2 and the fish of the sea, and the stumbling-blocks with the wicked; and I will cut off mankind from the face 4 of the ground. Zephaniah 1:3.

Here 'man and beast' stands for the things which belong to love and good deriving from love, 'the birds of the air 2 and the fish of the sea' for those which belong to the understanding and so to truth. These are called 'stumbling-blocks' because for wicked people it is goods and truths, not beasts and birds, that are stumbling-blocks. These are also plainly referred to as man's. In David,

The trees of Jehovah are watered abundantly, and the cedars of Lebanon which He planted. In them flying things build their nests. Psalms 104:16-17.

'The trees of Jehovah and the cedars of Lebanon' stands for spiritual man, 'flying things' for his rational or natural truths which are like 'nests'. What is more, 'the birds build nests in the branches' was a common saying by which people meant truths, as in Ezekiel,

[5] On the mountain height of Israel I will plant it, and it will bring forth a branch, and bear fruit, and it will become a noble cedar, and under it will dwell every flying thing of every sort, 5 in the shade of its branches they will dwell. Ezekiel 17:23.

This stands for the Church among gentiles which was spiritual and which is 'a noble cedar'. 'Birds of every sort' 5 stands for truths of every kind. In the same prophet,

In its branches all the birds of the air 2 made their nests, and under its branches every wild animal of the field gave birth, and in its shadow dwelt all great nations. Ezekiel 31:6.

This refers to Asshur, which is the spiritual Church and is called 'a cedar'. 'Birds of the air' 2 stands for its truths, 'beasts' for its goods.

[6] In Daniel,

Its branch was fair, and its fruit much, and food for all was on it. The beast of the field had shade under it, and in its branches dwelt the flying things of the air' 1 Daniel 4:12, 11.

Here 'beast' stands for goods, and 'flying thing of the air' 1 for truths. This may become clear to anyone, for what else would bird and beast dwelling there really be? The same applies to what the Lord said, The kingdom of God is like a grain of mustard seed, which someone took and sowed in his garden, and it grew and became a big tree so that the birds of the air 1 dwelt in its branches. Luke 13:19; Matthew 13:32; Mark 4:32.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, flying thing of the heavens (or the skies)

2. literally, bird of the heavens (or the skies)

3. literally, over the faces

4. literally, the faces

5. literally, of every wing

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.