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Levitska 4

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1 Jahve reče Mojsiju:

2 "Ovako kaži Izraelcima: 'Ako se tko nehotice ogriješi o bilo koju Jahvinu zapovijed te učini što je zabranjeno činiti:

3 Bude li to pomazanjem posvećeni svećenik koji pogriješi i navuče tako krivnju na narod, onda za grijeh koji učini neka prinese Jahvi jedno grlo krupne stoke, jednoga junca bez mane, kao žrtvu okajnicu.

4 Neka junca dovede pred Jahvu do ulaza u Šator sastanka; neka juncu na glavu položi svoju ruku i onda junca zakolje pred Jahvom.

5 Zatim neka pomazanjem posvećeni svećenik uzme krvi od junca i donese je u Šator sastanka.

6 Onda neka svećenik zamoči svoj prst u krv i tom krvlju neka sedam puta poškropi prednju stranu zavjese Svetišta, pred Jahvom.

7 Potom neka svećenik stavi te krvi na rogove žrtvenika za miomirisni kad koji se dimi pred Jahvom u Šatoru sastanka. Svu ostalu krv od junca neka izlije podno žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice što se nalazi na ulazu u Šator sastanka.

8 Iz junca što ga prinosi kao žrtvu okajnicu neka izvadi: loj što omotava drobinu, sav loj što je oko drobine;

9 oba bubrega i loj što je na njima i na slabinama, privjesak s jetre; neka i njega izvadi s bubrezima;

10 onako kako se uzima dio iz vola žrtve pričesnice. Neka ih zatim svećenik sažeže u kad na žrtveniku za žrtve paljenice.

11 Kožu od junca, sve meso od njega, njegovu glavu, njegove noge, drobinu i njegovu nečist

12 - svega junca - neka iznese na čisto mjesto izvan tabora gdje se pepeo izasiplje i neka ga spali na vatri od drva; tu na pepelu neka se junac spali.'"

13 "Ako sva izraelska zajednica nehotično pogriješi počinivši štogod što je Jahve zabranio pa tako postanu krivi a ne budu svjesni krivnje,

14 onda, kad se sazna za učinjeni prijestup, neka zajednica prinese jedno grlo krupne stoke - jednoga junca bez mane - kao žrtvu okajnicu. Neka ga dovedu pred Šator sastanka.

15 Tu pred Jahvom neka starješine zajednice polože svoje ruke juncu na glavu. Neka se onda junac zakolje pred Jahvom.

16 Neka zatim pomazanjem posvećeni svećenik donese krvi od junca u Šator sastanka;

17 neka svećenik zamoči svoj prst u krv i sedam puta poškropi prednju stranu zavjese, pred Jahvom.

18 Neka zatim stavi krvi na rogove žrtvenika koji se nalazi pred Jahvom u Šatoru sastanka. Svu ostalu krv neka izlije podno žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice što se nalazi na ulazu u Šator sastanka.

19 S junca neka skine sav loj i sažeže ga u kad na žrtveniku.

20 I s juncem neka uradi kako je uradio s onim juncem žrtve okajnice - tako neka učini i s tim. I pošto svećenik nad članovima zajednice izvrši obred pomirenja, bit će im oprošteno.

21 Neka odnese junca izvan tabora i spali ga kako je spalio i prvoga junca. To je žtrva za prijestup zajednice."

22 "Ako nehotično pogriješi glavar i učini štogod što je Jahve, Bog njegov, zabranio i tako sagriješi,

23 onda, kad ga obznane o prijestupu koji je počinio, neka kao svoj prinos donese muško jare bez mane.

24 Položivši svoju ruku jaretu na glavu, neka ga zakolje na mjestu gdje se kolju pred Jahvom žrtve paljenice. To je žrtva okajnica.

25 Svećenik neka uzme na svome prstu krvi od žrtve okajnice pa je stavi na rogove žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice. A svu ostalu krv neka izlije podno žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice.

26 Sav loj neka sažeže u kad na žrtveniku kao i loj sa žrtve pričesnice. Neka tako svećenik nad glavarom izvrši obred pomirenja za njegov grijeh, pa će mu biti oprošteno."

27 "Ako tko od običnoga puka nehotično pogriješi učinivši štogod što je Jahve zabranio i tako sagriješi,

28 onda, kad ga obznane o prijestupu koji je počinio, neka kao svoj prinos za grijeh koji je počinio donese žensko jare bez mane.

29 Neka stavi svoju ruku na glavu okajnice i zakolje žrtvu okajnicu na mjestu za žrtve paljenice.

30 Neka svećenik uzme krvi na svome prstu pa je stavi na rogove žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice. A svu ostalu krv neka izlije podno žrtvenika.

31 Neka zatim izvadi sav njezin loj kao što se vadi loj iz žrtve pričesnice; neka ga onda svećenik sažeže u kad na žrtveniku kao ugodan miris Jahvi. Kad svećenik izvrši nad tim čovjekom obred pomirenja, bit će mu oprošteno.

32 Ako bi tko htio dovesti janje kao žrtvu okajnicu, neka dovede žensko bez mane.

33 Položivši svoju ruku na glavu žrtve okajnice, neka je zakolje kao žrtvu okajnicu na mjestu gdje se kolju žrtve paljenice.

34 Neka onda svećenik uzme krvi od žrtve okajnice na svome prstu pa je stavi na rogove žrtvenika za žrtve paljenice. A svu ostalu krv neka izlije podno žrtvenika.

35 Neka zatim izvadi sav njezin loj kao što se vadi loj iz žrtve pričesnice. Neka to svećenik sažeže u kad povrh žrtava paljenih Jahvi u čast. Neka tako svećenik izvrši nad tim čovjekom obred pomirenja za grijeh koji je počinio, pa će mu biti oprošteno."

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9506

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9506. 'And you shall make a mercy-seat from pure gold' means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship arising from the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the mercy-seat' as the cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins, consequently the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'gold' as the good of love, dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 5658, 6914. The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins is clear from those places in the Word where propitiation or expiation is referred to. 1 The reason why the hearing and reception of all things belonging to worship is also meant is that only those who have made propitiation or expiation, that is, been cleansed from evils, are heard by the Lord and have their worship accepted by Him; it does not happen with those who are steeped in evils, that is, have not made expiation or propitiation. Therefore also Aaron was not allowed to approach the mercy-seat until he had been cleansed and had made propitiation for himself and the people.

[2] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' consequently means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship is also clear from the consideration that Jehovah spoke to Moses over the mercy-seat between the cherubs. The reason why worship arising from the good of love is that which is received is that no one is allowed to enter heaven and so approach the Lord other than a person who is governed by good, that is to say, by the good of love to the Lord and the good of charity towards the neighbour, see 8516, 8539, 8722, 8772, 9139, 9227, 9230, 9274; no one else is heard nor can anyone else's worship be received. This also explains why there were cherubs over the mercy-seat; for watchfulness and providence are meant by 'the cherubs', guarding against access to the Lord except through the good of love, that is, guarding against entrance into heaven by any apart from those who are governed by good, and also guarding against those in hell gaining access to the inhabitants of heaven and doing them harm. All this shows what was meant by the presence of the mercy-seat over the ark and by that of the cherubs over the mercy-seat, and by the fact that the mercy-seat and the cherubs too were made from pure gold; for 'gold' means the good of love, and 'the ark' heaven where the Lord is.

[3] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils, and so the forgiveness of sins, is clear from places in the Word where 'propitiation' or 'expiation' 2 is referred to, as in David,

O Jehovah, expiate our sins for Your name's sake. Psalms 79:9.

In the same author,

He, being merciful, has expiated iniquity. Psalms 78:38.

In the same author,

You will expiate me with hyssop and I shall become clean; You will wash me and I shall be made whiter than snow. Psalms 51:7.

In Isaiah,

Evil will come upon you, which you will not know how to ward off; calamity will befall you, which you will not be able to expiate. Isaiah 47:11.

And in Moses,

Sing, O nations, the people of Him who will avenge the blood of His servants, and will expiate His land, His people. Deuteronomy 32:43.

[4] Expiations were effected by means of sacrifices; and it says that when they were offered the priest would expiate him from sin, and he would be pardoned, 3 Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30. Expiation was also effected by 'silver', Exodus 30:16; Psalms 49:7. Hence also the day of expiations 4 before the feast of tabernacles, Leviticus 23:27-32. But it should be recognized that none of those expiations constituted a real cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins; it only represented it. For every religious observance among the Israelite and Jewish nation was merely representative of the Lord, His kingdom and Church, and such realities as belong to heaven and the Church. How representations brought such realities to angels' awareness in heaven, see 9229.

[5] Since the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins was meant by 'the mercy-seat', the hearing and reception of all things that belonged to worship was also meant; for one who has been cleansed from evils is heard and his worship is received. This was represented by Jehovah's speaking above the mercy-seat to Moses and His commanding what the children of Israel should do, as is clear from verse 22 of the present chapter, where it says,

And I will meet with you there, and I will speak to you from above the mercy-seat, from between the two cherubs which are over the ark of the Testimony, [declaring] everything that I shall command you for the children of Israel.

The like occurs elsewhere,

Whenever Moses spoke to Jehovah he heard the voice speaking from above the mercy-seat that was over the ark of the Testimony, from between the two cherubs. Numbers 7:89.

The fact that a person was heard and his worship was received when he had been cleansed from evils was represented by Aaron's not going into the holy place within the veil before the mercy-seat unless he had first made expiation for himself and the people, by ceremonial washing, sacrifices, incense, and blood, as stated in Leviticus 16:2-16, which concludes,

In this way he shall expiate the holy place from the uncleannesses of the children of Israel, and from their transgressions in regard of all their sins.

It also says in verse 2 that Jehovah would appear at the mercy-seat 'in the cloud', meaning in Divine Truth adjusted to people's ability to receive and understand it, such as the Word is in the sense of the letter, 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end), 6752, 8106, 8443, 8781.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Latin word propitiatorium rendered the mercy-seat may be translated more literally as the place of propitiation.

2. The Hebrew verb behind expiate, used in an uncommon way in the following quotations, means cover over. The Latin verb generally means atone for or purify what is defiled.

3. i.e. the priest shall make atonement for the person's sin, and the person will stand forgiven

4. Generally known as the day of atonement

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.