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Izlazak 12

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1 Jahve reče Mojsiju i Aronu u zemlji egipatskoj:

2 "Ovaj mjesec neka vam bude početak mjesecima; neka vam bude prvi mjesec u godini.

3 Ovo objavite svoj zajednici izraelskoj: Desetog dana ovoga mjeseca neka svatko za obitelj pribavi jedno živinče. Tako, jedno na obitelj.

4 Ako je obitelj premalena da ga potroši, neka se ona priključi svome susjedu, najbližoj kući, prema broju osoba. Podijelite živinče prema tome koliko koja osoba može pojesti.

5 Živinče neka bude bez mane, od jedne godine i muško. Možete izabrati bilo janje bilo kozle.

6 Čuvajte ga do četrnaestoga dana ovoga mjeseca. A onda neka ga sva izraelska zajednica zakolje kad se spusti suton.

7 Neka uzmu krvi i poškrope oba dovratnika i nadvratnik kuće u kojoj se bude blagovalo.

8 Meso, pečeno na vatri, neka se pojede te iste noći sa beskvasnim kruhom i gorkim zeljem.

9 Da ništa sirovo ili na vodi skuhano od njega niste jeli, nego na vatri pečeno: s glavom, nogama i ponutricom.

10 Ništa od njega ne smijete ostaviti za sutradan: što bi god do jutra ostalo, morate na vatri spaliti.

11 A ovako ga blagujte: opasanih bokova, s obućom na nogama i sa štapom u ruci. Jedite ga žurno: to je Jahvina pasha.

12 Te ću, naime, noći ja proći egipatskom zemljom i pobiti sve prvorođence u zemlji egipatskoj - i čovjeka i životinju. Ja, Jahve, kaznit ću i sva egipatska božanstva.

13 Krv neka označuje kuće u kojima vi budete. Gdje god spazim Krv, proći ću vas; tako ćete vi izbjeći biču zatornomu kad se oborim na zemlju egipatsku."

14 "Taj dan neka vam bude spomen-dan. Slavite ga kao blagdan u čast Jahvi. Svetkujte ga po trajnoj uredbi od koljena do koljena.

15 Sedam dana jedite beskvasan kruh. Prvoga već dana uklonite kvasac iz svojih kuća. Jer, tko bi god od prvoga do sedmoga dana jeo ukvasan kruh, taj se ima iskorijeniti između Izraelaca.

16 Prvoga dana držite sveto zborovanje, a tako i sedmoga dana. Nikakva posla tih dana nemojte raditi. Jedino jelo, što kome treba, možete pripraviti.

17 Držite blagdan beskvasnog kruha! Toga sam, naime, dana izveo vaše čete iz zemlje egipatske. Držite zato taj dan kao blagdan od koljena do koljena: to je vječna naredba.

18 Od večeri četrnaestoga dana prvoga mjeseca pa do večeri dvadeset prvoga dana toga mjeseca jedite beskvasan kruh.

19 Sedam dana ne smije biti kvasca u vašim domovima. Tko bi god jeo bilo što ukvasano, taj neka se ukloni iz izraelske zajednice, bio stranac ili domorodac.

20 Ništa ukvasano ne smijete jesti: u svim svojim prebivalištima jedite nekvasan kruh."

21 Zatim sazva Mojsije sve starješine Izraelaca te im reče: "Idite i pribavite janje za svoje obitelji i žrtvujte Pashu.

22 Onda uzmite kitu izopa, zamočite je u krv što je u zdjeli i poškropite krvlju iz zdjele nadvratnik i oba dovratnika. Neka nitko ne izlazi preko kućnih vrata do jutra.

23 Kad Jahve bude prolazio da pobije Egipćane, zapazit će krv na nadvratniku i na oba dovratnika, pa će mimoići ta vrata i neće dopustiti da Zatornik uđe u vaše kuće da hara.

24 Ovu uredbu držite u svim vremenima kao zakon za se i djecu svoju.

25 I kad dođete u zemlju koju će vam Jahve dati kako je obećao, vršite ovaj obred.

26 Kad vas vaša djeca zapitaju: Što vam taj obred označuje?

27 odgovorite im: Ovo je pashalna žrtva u čast Jahvi koji je prolazio mimo kuće Izraelaca kad je usmrćivao Egipćane, a naše kuće pošteđivao." Tada narod popada ničice i pokloni se.

28 Potom Izraelci odu i poslušaju: kako je Jahve Mojsiju i Aronu naredio, tako i učine.

29 U ponoći Jahve pobije sve prvorođence po zemlji egipatskoj: od prvorođenca faraonova, koji je imao sjediti na prijestolju, do prvorođenca sužnja u tamnici, a tako i sve prvine od stoke.

30 Noću ustane faraon, on pa svi njegovi dvorani i svi Egipćani, jer se strašan jauk razlijegao Egiptom: ne bijaše kuće u kojoj nije ležao mrtvac.

31 Faraon pozva u noći Mojsija i Arona te im reče: "Ustajte i odlazite od moga naroda i vi i vaši Izraelci! Idite! Odajte štovanje Jahvi, kako ste tražili.

32 Pokupite svoju i sitnu i krupnu stoku, kako ste zahtijevali: idite pa i mene blagoslovite!"

33 Egipćani nagonili narod da brže ide iz zemlje, "jer izgibosmo svi", govorahu oni.

34 Tako narod ponese svoje još neukislo tijesto; naćve, uvijene u ogrtače, ponesoše na ramenima.

35 I učiniše Izraelci kako im je Mojsije bio rekao: zatražiše od Egipćana srebrnine, i zlatnine, i odjeće.

36 Jahve je učinio te Egipćani bijahu naklonjeni narodu pa davahu. Tako su Egipćane oplijenili.

37 Pođu tako Izraelci iz Ramsesa prema Sukotu. Bilo je oko šest stotina tisuća pješaka, osim žena i djece.

38 A mnogo i drugoga svijeta pođe s njima, i mnoga stoka, krupna i sitna.

39 Ispeku beskvasne prevrte od tijesta što su ga iz Egipta ponijeli: nije se bilo ukvasalo. A kako su bili tjerani iz Egipta, nisu mogli odgađati, i tako nisu sebi spremili poputninu.

40 Vrijeme što su ga Izraelci proveli u Egiptu iznosilo je četiri stotine i trideset godina.

41 I kad se navrši četiri stotine i trideset godina - točno onoga dana - sve čete Jahvine iziđoše iz zemlje egipatske.

42 Ona noć koju je Jahve probdio da njih izbavi iz Egipta, odonda je svima Izraelcima, u sve naraštaje njihove, noć bdjenja u čast Jahvi.

43 Reče Jahve Mojsiju i Aronu: "Neka je ovo pravilo za pashalnu žrtvu: ni jedan stranac ne smije od nje jesti!

44 Svaki rob, kupljen novcem i obrezan, može je jesti.

45 Ni gost ni najamnik ne smiju je jesti!

46 Blagujte je u jednoj te istoj kući; iz kuće ne smijete iznositi mesa niti na žrtvi smijete koju kost slomiti.

47 Sva zajednica Izraelaca neka je prikazuje!

48 Ako bi stranac koji među vama boravi htio svetkovati Pashu u čast Jahvi, svi se njegovi muški moraju obrezati. Tek tada neka pristupi i slavi je, jer je tada kao i domorodac zemlje. Ali neobrezani ne smije od nje jesti.

49 Neka vrijedi isto pravilo za domoroca i pridošlicu koji među vama boravi."

50 Svi Izraelci poslušaju: kako je Jahve naredio Mojsiju i Aronu, tako su i učinili.

51 Toga istog dana izbavio je Jahve Izraelce u njihovim četama iz zemlje egipatske.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 2959

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2959. 'The land [is worth] four hundred shekels of silver' means the price of redemption by means of truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'four hundred shekels', dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, dealt with in 1551, 2048, 2937. The reason 'four hundred shekels' means the price of redemption is that 'four hundred' means vastation and 'a shekel' price. What vastation is, see 2455 (end), 2682, 2694, 2699, 2702, 2704, where it is shown that there are two types of vastation. The first takes place when the Church altogether ceases to exist, that is, when there is no longer any charity or faith. At that point the Church is said to be vastated or laid waste. The second takes place when those who belong to the Church are reduced to a state of ignorance and also of temptation, for the reason that the evils and falsities residing with them are to be set apart and so to speak dissipated. Those who emerge from this vastation are those who are specifically called the redeemed, for at that point they are taught the goods and truths of faith, and are reformed and regenerated by the Lord, as shown in the paragraphs quoted. Now since the number four hundred, when used to specify a period of time - such as four hundred years - means the duration and also the state of vastation, so that same number, when used to specify the number of shekels, means the price of redemption; and when the word 'silver' is mentioned together with this number, the price of redemption by means of truth is meant.

[2] That 'four hundred years' means the duration and the state of vastation becomes clear also from what Abraham was told,

Jehovah said to Abraham, 1 Know for sure that your seed will be strangers in a land not theirs. And they will serve them, and these will afflict them for four hundred years. Genesis 15:13.

There it may be seen that 'four hundred years' is used to mean the duration of the stay of the children of Israel in Egypt. Yet it is not the duration of their stay in Egypt that is meant but something that is not evident to anyone except from the internal sense. This becomes clear from the fact that the duration of the stay of the children of Israel in Egypt was no more than half the stated period, as becomes quite clear from the descendants of Jacob down to Moses. For the facts are that Levi was descended from Jacob, Kohath from Levi, Amram from Kohath, and Aaron and Moses from Amram, Exodus 6:16-20; Levi and his son Kohath went down to Egypt together with Jacob, Genesis 46:11; and Moses came two generations later, and was eighty years old when he spoke to Pharaoh, Exodus 7:7. These facts show that the period of time from Jacob's entry into Egypt until his sons' departure from that land was approximately two hundred and fifteen years.

[3] That 'four hundred' is used in the Word to mean something other than its numerical value in the historical sense is clearer still from its being said that

The length of time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years, and at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, it happened on that same day, that all the armies of Jehovah went out of the land of Egypt. Exodus 12:40-41.

The duration of the stay of the children of Israel in that land was in fact only half that number of years; but it was from Abraham's entry into Egypt that the four hundred and thirty years were measured. Consequently what is said at this point in Exodus is for the sake of the internal sense Lying within those words. In the internal sense the sojourn of the sons of Jacob in Egypt represents and means the vastation of the Church, the state and duration of which are described by the number four hundred and thirty years. Thirty describes the state of vastation of the sons of Jacob as being no vastation at all, for they were such as could not be reformed through any state of vastation (for the meaning of the number thirty, see 2276); and 'four hundred years' represents the general state of vastation of those who belonged to the Church.

[4] Those therefore who come out of that vastation are referred to as the redeemed, as is also evident from the words addressed to Moses,

Therefore say to the children of Israel, I am Jehovah, and I will bring you out from beneath the burdens of Egypt, and I will rescue you from their slavery, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgements. Exodus 6:6.

And elsewhere,

Jehovah has brought you out by means of a mighty hand, and redeemed you from the house of slaves, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Deuteronomy 7:8; 13:5.

And elsewhere,

You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, but Jehovah your God redeemed you. Deuteronomy 15:15; 24:18.

In Samuel,

Your people whom You redeemed for Yourself from Egypt. 2 Samuel 7:23.

Since those who emerge from the state of vastation are referred to as the redeemed, 'four hundred shekels' therefore means the price of redemption.

[5] As regards 'a shekel' meaning the price or valuation, this is clear from the following places in the Word: In Moses,

All your valuations shall be according to the shekel of holiness. Leviticus 27:25.

And elsewhere,

If a soul commits a trespass and has sinned inadvertently in the holy things of Jehovah, he shall bring his guilt offering to Jehovah, a ram without blemish out of the flock, according to your valuation in silver shekels, according to the shekel of holiness. Leviticus 5:15.

From this it is evident that 'a shekel' means the price or valuation. It is called 'the shekel of holiness' because the price or valuation has regard to truth and good from the Lord - truth and good from the Lord being, within the Church, holiness itself. Consequently it is called 'the shekel of holiness' many times elsewhere, as in Exodus 30:24; Leviticus 27:3; Numbers 3:47, 50; 7:13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49, 55, 61, 67, 73; 18:16.

[6] That 'a shekel' is the price of what is holy is quite evident in Ezekiel when the holy land and the holy city are the subject. There the shekel is referred to as follows,

The shekel there shall be twenty gerahs; twenty shekels, twenty-five shekels, fifteen shekels, shall be your maneh (pound). Ezekiel 45:12.

Anyone may see that here 'shekel', 'pound', and the numbers mentioned mean holy things, that is, good and truth, for the holy land and the holy city or new Jerusalem, which are the subject there, mean nothing else than the Lord's kingdom where neither shekel, nor gerahs, nor pound, nor the numbering of them occurs. But the number itself, from the meaning it has in the internal sense, determines the valuation or price of good and truth.

[7] In Moses it is said that every man (vir) should give a ransom for his soul, so that there would be no plague. He had to give half a shekel, according to the shekel of holiness, a shekel being twenty gerahs. Half a shekel was to be the thruma (offering) to Jehovah, Exodus 30:12-13. Here ten gerahs, which make half a shekel, are remnants which are received from the Lord. Remnants are goods and truths stored away with a person - such remnants, being meant by 'ten', see 576, 1738, 1906, 2284. That remnants are goods and truths from the Lord that are stored away with a person, see 1906, 2284. Consequently they are also called 'the thruma (or offering) to Jehovah', and it is said that by means of this a soul will be redeemed. The reason it is stated several times that a shekel was twenty gerahs, as in these verses from Exodus, and also in Leviticus 27:25; Numbers 3:47; 18:16; and elsewhere, is that the shekel of twenty gerahs means the valuation of the good preserved in remnants - twenty meaning the good preserved in remnants, see 2280. Also therefore a shekel was a weight according to which the price of both gold and silver was determined, Genesis 24:22; Exodus 38:24; Ezekiel 4:10; 45:12 - the price of gold because 'gold' means good, 113, 1551, 1552, and the price of silver because 'silver' means truth, 1551, 2048. From this it is now evident that 'the land [is worth] four hundred shekels of silver' means the price of redemption by means of truth. The reason it is called 'the land' is that the spiritual Church is the subject, which is reformed and regenerated by means of truth received from the Lord, 2954. That 'the land' means the Church, see 662, 1066, 1068, 1262, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118 (end).

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. In Genesis 15 the patriarch's name is still Abram.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.