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Ponovljeni Zakon 4

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1 "A sada, Izraele, poslušaj zakone i uredbe kojima vas učim da biste ih vršili i tako poživjeli te unišli i zaposjeli zemlju koju vam daje Jahve, Bog otaca vaših.

2 Niti što nadodajite onome što vam zapovijedam niti što od toga oduzimljite; vršite zapovijedi Jahve, Boga svoga, što vam ih dajem.

3 Vidjeli ste svojim očima što je Jahve učinio s Baal Peorom: jer Jahve, Bog tvoj, iskorijenio je iz tvoje sredine svakoga koji je slijedio Baal Peora.

4 A svi vi koji se čvrsto držite Jahve, Boga svoga, živi ste i danas.

5 Ja sam vas, eto, poučio o zakonima i uredbama, kako mi je Jahve, Bog moj, naredio da ih vršite u zemlji u koju idete da je zaposjednete.

6 Držite ih i vršite: to će u očima naroda biti vaša mudrost i vaša razboritost. Kad oni čuju za sve ove zakone, reći će: 'Samo je jedan narod mudar i pametan, a to je ovaj veliki narod.'

7 Jer koji je to narod tako velik da bi mu bogovi bili tako blizu kao što je Jahve, Bog naš, nama kad god ga zazovemo?

8 Koji je to narod tako velik da bi imao zakone i uredbe pravedne kao što je sav ovaj Zakon koji vam ja danas iznosim?

9 Zato pazi i dobro se čuvaj da ne zaboraviš događaje što si ih svojim očima vidio; neka ti ne iščeznu iz srca ni jednoga dana tvoga života; naprotiv, pouči o njima svoje sinove i sinove svojih sinova.

10 Onog dana kad si stajao na Horebu pred Jahvom, Bogom svojim, Jahve mi je rekao: 'Skupi mi narod! Hoću da čuju moje riječi, da me se nauče bojati sve vrijeme što budu živjeli na zemlji te da o njima pouče i svoju djecu.'

11 Vi ste se onda primakli i stali pod brdo. S usplamtjeloga brda plamen je sukljao do sred neba zamračena tmastim oblakom.

12 Isred ognja Jahve je govorio vama; čuli ste zvuk riječi, ali lika niste nazreli - ništa osim glasa.

13 Objavio vam je svoj Savez i naložio vam da ga vršite - Deset zapovijedi, što ih ispisa na dvije kamene ploče.

14 A meni je Jahve naredio da vas poučim o zakonima i uredbama što ćete ih vršiti u zemlji u koju odlazite da je zaposjednete.

15 Pazite dobro! Onoga dana kad vam je Jahve, Bog vaš, govorio isred ognja na Horebu, niste vidjeli nikakva lika,

16 da se ne biste pokvarili te da ne biste pravili sebi kakva klesana lika, kipa muškoga ili ženskoga obličja,

17 ni obličja kakve životinje što je na zemlji, ni obličja kakve ptice što pod nebom lijeta,

18 ni obličja bilo čega što po zemlji gmiže, ni obličja kakve ribe što je u vodi pod zemljom

19 i da se ne bi, kad digneš svoje oči prema nebu te vidiš sunce, mjesec i zvijezde - svu nebesku vojsku - dao zavesti da im se klanjaš i da im iskazuješ štovanje. Njih je Jahve, Bog tvoj, dao svim narodima, svugdje pod nebom.

20 A vas je uzeo Jahve i izveo vas iz Egipta - iz one peći ražarene - da postanete narod njegove baštine, to što ste danas.

21 Ali se zbog vas Jahve na me razljutio i zakleo da ja neću prijeći preko Jordana i unići u blaženu zemlju koju ti Jahve, Bog tvoj, daje u baštinu.

22 Tako, ja ću umrijeti u ovoj zemlji; ja preko Jordana neću prijeći. A vi ćete prijeći i zaposjesti onu krasnu zemlju.

23 Zato pazite da ne zaboravljate Saveza što ga je Jahve, Bog vaš, sklopio s vama te sebi ne pravite klesanih likova bilo čega što je Jahve, Bog tvoj, zabranio.

24 Jer Jahve, Bog tvoj, oganj je što proždire; on je Bog ljubomoran.

25 Kad budete izrodili djecu i unučad i budete dulje u onoj zemlji proboravili, a pokvarite se praveći sebi bilo kakve klesane likove i čineći zlo u očima Jahve, Boga svojega, tako da ga na srdžbu izazovete,

26 znajte - uzimam za svjedoke protiv vas nebesa i zemlju - da će vas brzo nestati sa zemlje u koju idete preko Jordana da je zaposjednete: nećete dugo u njoj živjeti nego ćete biti iskorijenjeni.

27 Jahve će vas raspršiti po narodima i ostat će vas samo malen broj među narodima među koje vas Jahve odvede.

28 Ondje ćete se klanjati bogovima što su ih ljudske ruke načinile od drveta i kamena, bogovima koji ne mogu ni vidjeti ni čuti, ni jesti ni mirisati.

29 Ondje ćeš tražiti Jahvu, Boga svoga. I naći ćeš ga ako ga budeš tražio svim srcem svojim i svom dušom svojom.

30 U nevolji tvojoj snaći će te sve to, ali u posljednje vrijeme ti ćeš se obratiti Jahvi, Bogu svomu, i poslušati njegov glas.

31 TÓa Jahve, Bog tvoj, Bog je milosrdan; neće te on zapustiti ni upropastiti niti će zaboraviti Saveza što ga je pod zakletvom sklopio s ocima tvojim.

32 Ispitaj samo prijašnja vremena što su protekla prije tebe, sve otkad je Bog stvorio čovjeka na zemlji: je li ikad, s jednoga kraja nebesa do drugoga, bilo ovako veličanstvena događaja? Je li se što takvo čulo?

33 Je li ikad koji narod čuo glas Boga gdje govori isred ognja kao što si ti čuo i na životu ostao?

34 Ili, pokuša li koji bog da ode i uzme sebi jedan narod isred drugog naroda kušnjama, znakovima, čudesima i ratom, jakom rukom i ispruženom mišicom, uza silne strahote, kao što je sve to, na vaše oči, učinio za vas Jahve, bog vaš, u Egiptu?

35 Tebi je to pokazano da znaš da je Jahve pravi Bog i da nema drugoga uz njega.

36 S neba ti se oglasio svojim glasom da te pouči; dopustio ti je da vidiš njegov veliki oganj na zemlji; i isred ognja čuo si njegove riječi.

37 Zbog toga što je ljubio očeve tvoje, izabrao je poslije njih njihovo potomstvo; on, glavom, izveo te iz Egipta svojom silnom moći;

38 ispred tebe rastjerao je narode, i brojnije i jače od tebe, da te dovede u njihovu zemlju i preda je tebi u baštinu, kao što je i danas.

39 Danas, dakle, spoznaj i zasadi u svoje srce: Jahve je Bog gore na nebu i ovdje na zemlji - drugoga nema.

40 Drži njegove zakone i njegove zapovijedi koje ti dajem danas da dobro bude tebi i tvojoj djeci poslije tebe; da dugo poživiš na zemlji koju ti Jahve, Bog tvoj, daje zauvijek."

41 Tada Mojsije izabra tri grada preko Jordana, na istočnoj strani,

42 kamo će se moći skloniti ubojica koji nehotice ubije svoga bližnjega a da prije nije imao mržnje prema njemu: da bi, bježeći u koji od ovih gradova, mogao spasiti svoj život.

43 To su: Bezer u pustinji, u zemlji Mišoru, za Rubenovce; Ramot u Gileadu za Gadovce, i Golan u Bašanu za Manašeovce.

44 Ovo je Zakon što ga je Mojsije postavio pred Izraelce;

45 ovo su upute, zakoni i uredbe što ih je Mojsije dao Izraelcima kad su izišli iz Egipta,

46 s one strane Jordana, u dolini nasuprot Bet Peoru, u zemlji amorejskoga kralja Sihona, koji je živio u Hešbonu i koga su potukli Mojsije i Izraelci pošto iziđoše iz Egipta.

47 Njegovu su zemlju zauzeli i zemlju bašanskoga kralja Oga, dvaju amorejskih kraljeva koji su živjeli preko Jordana na istoku,

48 od Aroera, koji se nalazi na obali potoka Arnona, do brda Sirjona, to jest Hermona,

49 i svu Arabu preko Jordana, s istoka do mora u Arabi, pod obroncima Pisge.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 946

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946. Because thy judgments have been made manifest. That this signifies that Divine truths are revealed to them, is evident from the signification of judgments, as denoting Divine truths, of which we shall speak presently; and from the signification of being manifested, as denoting to be revealed. That Divine truths are revealed at the end of the church, and that they have been revealed, will be shown in what follows in this chapter, because the subject there treated of is concerning them.

The reason why judgments signify Divine truths is, that the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are called judgments; but the laws of government in the Lord's celestial kingdom are called justice. For the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are laws from Divine truth, whereas the laws of government in the Lord's celestial kingdom are laws from Divine Good. This is why judgment and justice are mentioned in the following passages in the Word.

In Isaiah:

"There shall be no end to peace upon the throne of David, to establish it, and to uphold it in judgment and justice from now and for ever" (9:7).

This speaks of the Lord and His kingdom. His spiritual kingdom is signified by the throne of David; and because this kingdom is in Divine truths from the Divine Good, it is said, in "judgment and justice."

In Jeremiah:

"I will raise up to David a just shoot, and he shall reign a king, and he shall act intelligently, and shall execute judgment and justice" (23:5).

These words also are spoken of the Lord, and of His spiritual kingdom. And since this kingdom is in Divine truths from the Divine Good, it is said that He shall reign a King, and shall act intelligently, and that He shall execute judgment and justice. The Lord is called King from Divine truth. And whereas Divine truth is also Divine intelligence, it is said that He shall act intelligently. And because Divine truth is from the Divine Good, it is said that He shall execute judgment and justice.

[2] In Isaiah:

"Jehovah shall be exalted; for he dwelleth on high; he hath filled Zion with judgment and justice" (33:5).

By Zion is meant heaven and the church, where the Lord reigns by Divine truth. And because all Divine truth is from Divine Good, it is said, "He hath filled Zion with judgment and justice."

In Jeremiah:

"I Jehovah, doing justice and judgment in the earth; for in these I am well pleased" (9:24).

Here also by judgment and justice is signified Divine truth from the Divine Good.

In Isaiah:

"They shall ask of me the judgments of justice; they shall desire to draw near unto God" (58:2).

The judgments of justice are Divine truths from the Divine Good. Similarly judgment and justice; for the spiritual sense conjoins those things the sense of the letter separates.

In Hosea:

"I will betroth thee to me for ever; and I will betroth thee to me in justice and judgment, and in mercy and in truth" (2:19, 20).

The subject there treated of is the celestial kingdom of the Lord, which consists of those who are in love to the Lord. And because the Lord's conjunction with them is comparatively like the conjunction of a husband with a wife - for the good of love so conjoins - therefore it is said, I will betroth thee to me in justice and judgment. And justice is mentioned in the first place, and judgment in the second, because those who are in the good of love to the Lord are also in truths; for they see them from good. Because justice is said of good, and judgment of truth, therefore it is also said, in mercy and in truth; mercy being also said of good, because it is of love.

[3] In David:

"Jehovah is in the heavens; thy justice as the mountains of God, and thy judgments as a great abyss" (Psalm 36:5, 6).

Justice is said of Divine Good, therefore it is compared to the mountains of God; for by mountains of God are signified the goods of love; see above (n. 405, 510, 850). And judgments are said of Divine truths, therefore they are compared to a great abyss; for by a great abyss is signified Divine truth. From these things it is now evident that by judgments are signified Divine truths.

[4] In many passages in the Word, judgments, precepts, and statutes are mentioned. And by judgments are there signified civil laws; by precepts the laws of spiritual life; and by statutes the laws of worship. That by judgments are signified civil laws, is clear from Exodus (Exodus 21, 22, 23), where the things that are there commanded are called judgments; because from them judgments were given by judges in the gates of the city. But still they signify Divine truths, such as are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens, for they contain them in the spiritual sense, as is evident from the explanation in Arcana Coelestia (n. 8971-9103, 9124-9231, 9247-9348).

That the laws with the sons of Israel were called judgments, precepts, and statutes, is clear from the following passages:-

In Moses:

"I will speak unto thee all the precepts, the statutes, and the judgments, which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them" (Deuteronomy 5:31).

In the same:

"These are the precepts, the statutes, and the judgments, which Jehovah your God commanded to teach you" (Deuteronomy 6:1).

In the same:

"Therefore, thou shalt keep the precepts, the statutes, and the judgments, which I command thee this day, to do them" (Deuteronomy 7:11).

In David:

"If his sons forsake my law and walk not in my judgments; if they profane my statutes, and keep not my precepts, I will visit their prevarication with a rod" (Psalm 89:30-32),

besides frequently elsewhere:

As Leviticus 18:5; 19:37; 20:22; 25:18; 26:15; Deuteronomy 4:1; 5:1, 6, 7; 17:19; 26:17; Ezekiel 5:6, 7; 11:12, 20; 18:9; 20:11, 13, 25; 37:24.

By precepts in these passages are meant the laws of life, especially those in the Decalogue, which are therefore called the Ten Precepts. But by the statutes are meant the laws of worship, which principally related to sacrifices, and the ministry of holy things. And by judgments are meant civil laws, which, because representative of spiritual laws, were therefore significative of Divine truths, such as those in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens.

Continuation:-

[5] When, therefore, a man shuns and turns away from evils as sins, and is raised into heaven by the Lord, it follows that he is no longer in his proprium, but in the Lord, and that consequently he thinks and wills goods. Now because a man thinks and wills, so also does he act; for every action of a man proceeds from the thought of his will, therefore again it follows, that when a man shuns and turns away from evils, he does goods, not from himself, but from the Lord. Therefore to shun evils is to do goods. The goods which a man then does are meant by good works; and good works in their whole extent are meant by charity.

Because a man cannot be reformed unless he thinks, wills, and acts as of himself, that which he does as of himself is conjoined to him, and remains with him. Because that which a man does as of himself receives no life, but flows through like ether, therefore the Lord wills that a man should not only shun and turn away from evils as of himself, but should also think, will, and act as of himself, yet still acknowledge in heart, that all these things are from the Lord. This he will acknowledge because it is the truth.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.