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Ezequiel第18章

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1 Y vino Palabra del SEÑOR a mí, diciendo:

2 ¿Qué pensáis vosotros, vosotros que usáis este refrán sobre la tierra de Israel, diciendo: Los padres comieron el agraz, y los dientes de los hijos tienen la dentera?

3 Vivo yo, dijo el Señor DIOS, que nunca más tendréis por qué usar este refrán en Israel.

4 He aquí que todas las almas son mías; como el alma del padre, así el alma del hijo es mía; el alma que pecare, esa morirá.

5 Y el hombre que fuere justo, e hiciere juicio y justicia;

6 que no comiere sobre los montes, ni alzare sus ojos a los ídolos de la Casa de Israel, ni violare la mujer de su prójimo, ni se llegare a la mujer menstruosa,

7 ni oprimiere a ninguno; al deudor tornare su prenda, no cometiere robo, diere de su pan al hambriento, y cubriere al desnudo con vestido,

8 no prestare a interés, ni recibiere más de lo que hubiere dado ; de la maldad retrajere su mano, e hiciere juicio de verdad entre hombre y hombre,

9 en mis ordenanzas caminare, y guardare mis derechos para hacer según la verdad, éste es justo; éste vivirá, dijo el Señor DIOS.

10 Mas si engendrare hijo ladrón, derramador de sangre, o que haga alguna cosa de éstas,

11 Y que no haga las otras; antes comiere sobre los montes, o violare la mujer de su prójimo,

12 al pobre y menesteroso oprimiere, cometiere robos, no tornare la prenda, o alzare sus ojos a los ídolos, o hiciere abominación,

13 diere a usura, y recibiere más de lo que dio; ¿vivirá éste? No vivirá. Todas estas abominaciones hizo; de cierto morirá; su sangre será sobre él.

14 Pero si éste engendrare hijo, el cual viere todos los pecados que su padre hizo, y viéndolos no hiciere según ellos;

15 no comiere sobre los montes, ni alzare sus ojos a los ídolos de la Casa de Israel; la mujer de su prójimo no violare,

16 ni oprimiere a nadie; la prenda no empeñare, ni cometiere robos; al hambriento diere de su pan, y cubriere de vestido al desnudo;

17 apartare su mano de oprimir al pobre, usura ni aumento no recibiere; hiciere según mis derechos, y anduviere en mis ordenanzas, éste no morirá por la maldad de su padre; de cierto vivirá.

18 Su padre, por cuanto hizo agravio, despojó violentamente al hermano, e hizo en medio de su pueblo lo que no es bueno, he aquí que él morirá por su maldad.

19 Y si dijereis: ¿Por qué el hijo no llevará el pecado de su padre? Porque el hijo hizo juicio y justicia, guardó todas mis ordenanzas, y las hizo, de cierto vivirá.

20 El alma que pecare, esa morirá; el hijo no llevará el pecado del padre, ni el padre llevará el pecado del hijo; la justicia del justo será sobre él, y la impiedad del impío será sobre él.

21 Mas el impío, si se apartare de todos sus pecados que hizo, y guardare todas mis ordenanzas, e hiciere juicio y justicia, de cierto vivirá; no morirá.

22 Todas sus rebeliones que cometió, no le serán recordadas; por su justicia que hizo vivirá.

23 ¿Quiero yo por ventura la muerte del impío? Dijo el Señor DIOS. ¿No vivirá, si se apartare de sus caminos?

24 Mas si el justo se apartare de su justicia, y cometiere maldad, e hiciere conforme a todas las abominaciones que el impío hizo; ¿vivirá él? Todas las justicias que hizo no vendrán en memoria; por su rebelión con que prevaricó, y por su pecado que cometió, por ellos morirá.

25 Y si dijereis: No es derecho el camino del Señor, oíd ahora, Casa de Israel: ¿No es derecho mi camino? ¿No son vuestros caminos torcidos?

26 Apartándose el justo de su justicia, y haciendo iniquidad, él morirá en ello; por su iniquidad que hizo, morirá.

27 Y apartándose el impío de su impiedad que hizo, y haciendo juicio y justicia, hará vivir su alma.

28 Porque miró, y se apartó de todas sus rebeliones que hizo, de cierto vivirá; no morirá.

29 Si aún dijere la Casa de Israel: No es derecho el camino del Señor; ¿no son derechos mis caminos, Casa de Israel? Cierto, vuestros caminos no son derechos.

30 Por tanto, yo os juzgaré a cada uno según sus caminos, oh Casa de Israel, dijo el Señor DIOS. Convertíos, y haced convertir de todas vuestras iniquidades; y no os será la iniquidad causa de ruina.

31 Echad de vosotros todas vuestras iniquidades con que te habéis rebelado, y haceos corazón nuevo y espíritu nuevo. ¿Y por qué moriréis, Casa de Israel?

32 Que no quiero la muerte del que muere, dijo el Señor DIOS, convertíos pues, y viviréis.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9857

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9857. 'And you shall make a breastplate of judgement' means that which has regard to Divine Truth shining forth from Divine Good. This is clear from the meaning of 'a breastplate' as Divine Truth shining forth from the Lord's Divine Good within last and lowest things, dealt with in 9823. It is called 'a breastplate of judgement' because it gave answers, and through these Divine Truth was revealed; furthermore Divine Truth, and therefore doctrinal teachings and a life in accord with them, is meant in the Word by 'judgement'. This then is why this breastplate is referred to as 'the breastplate of judgement', and also further on in this chapter as 'the judgement', in verse 30 - 'Aaron shall carry the judgement of the children of Israel over his heart before Jehovah continually'. And when Joshua was chosen to be leader of the people, it says that he was to stand before Eleazar the priest, who would inquire for him by the judgement of the Urim before Jehovah, Numbers 27:21.

[2] 'Judgement' means Divine Truth and intelligence springing from It, as a consequence of which it means religious teachings and a life in accord with them. This is clear from a large number of places in the Word, such as the following: In Isaiah,

The vineyard of Jehovah Zebaoth is the house of Israel. He looked for judgement, but behold, festering; for righteousness, but behold, a cry. Isaiah 5:7.

'Looking for judgement' means intelligence springing from Divine Truth, and a life in accord with the commandments. In the same prophet,

On the throne there sat in truthfulness, in the tabernacle of David, one who judges and seeks judgement. Isaiah 16:5.

This refers to the Lord's Coming. 'The throne' on which He is going to sit means Divine Truth that emanates from Him, and consequently means the spiritual kingdom, see 2129, 5313, 6397, 8625, 9039. 'Judging judgement' means teaching Divine Truth, and 'seeking judgement' people's acceptance of it.

[3] In the same prophet,

On that day Jehovah will be a tiara of beauty for the remnant of His people, and a spirit of judgement to him who sits in judgement. Isaiah 28:5-6.

'A tiara of beauty', when these words have reference to Jehovah, that is, the Lord, means Divine Intelligence, see above in 9827; and 'a spirit of judgement' means wisdom that springs from Divine Truth, 9818. 'To him who sits in judgement' means one who informs people about or teaches Divine Truth. In the same prophet,

Jehovah has filled Zion with judgement and righteousness. Isaiah 33:5.

'Zion' stands for the celestial Church, 'being filled with judgement' for intelligence that springs from Divine Truth, and 'being filled with righteousness' for wisdom that comes from Divine Good.

[4] In the same prophet,

Who has directed the Spirit of Jehovah? With whom did He deliberate, that He might make Him intelligent, and instruct Him in the way of judgement, and teach Him knowledge, and show Him the way of intelligence? Isaiah 40:13-14.

'The Spirit of Jehovah' means Divine Truth, 9818. 'Instructing Him in the way of judgement' self-evidently means making him knowledgeable, intelligent, and wise. In Jeremiah,

The stork in the sky knows her appointed times, but Jehovah's people do not know the judgement of Jehovah. How can you say, We are wise, and the law of Jehovah is with us? Jeremiah 8:7-8.

'Not knowing the judgement of Jehovah' stands for ignorance of Divine Truth, the source of wisdom; and this is why it says, 'How can you say, We are wise?'

[5] In the same prophet,

Woe to him who builds his house without righteousness, and his upper rooms without judgement! Jeremiah 22:13.

'Building upper rooms without judgement' stands for absorbing ideas that are not true. In Hosea,

I will betroth you to Me forever in righteousness and in judgement, and I will betroth you to Me in truth. Hosea 2:19-20.

'Betrothing in judgement' stands for joining by means of Divine Truth, thus by means of faith and the life of faith. In Amos,

Let judgement flow like water, and righteousness like a mighty torrent. Amos 5:24.

In the same prophet,

You have turned judgement into poison and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood. Amos 6:12.

Here also 'judgement' stands for intelligence that springs from Divine Truth, and for a life based on this.

[6] In Zephaniah,

Jehovah in the morning will bring His judgement to light. Zephaniah 3:5.

'Bringing judgement to light' stands for revealing Divine Truth. In Moses,

All the ways of Jehovah are judgement. Deuteronomy 32:4.

In David,

O Jehovah, Your truth reaches up to the skies, Your righteousness is like the mountains of God, Your judgements [like] the great abyss. Psalms 36:5-6.

In the same author,

Jehovah will bring forth your righteousness as the light, and your judgement as the noonday. Psalms 37:6.

In the same author,

Hear my voice according to Your mercy; O Jehovah, revive me according to Your judgements. Psalms 119:149.

In these places 'judgement' and 'judgements' stand for Divine Truth.

[7] In Luke,

Woe to you Pharisees! You pass by the judgement and the love of God. These you ought to have done. Luke 11:42.

'Passing by the judgement of God' stands for shunning Divine Truth, and 'passing by the love of God' for shunning Divine Good and a life inspired by them both. The fact that this life is also meant accounts for their being told, These you ought to have done. In Isaiah,

Jehovah Zebaoth will be exalted in judgement, and God will be made holy in righteousness. Isaiah 5:16.

In the same author,

... upon the throne of David to establish the kingdom in judgement and in righteousness, from now and even for evermore. Isaiah 9:7.

In the same author,

Give counsel, execute judgement, set your shade like the night in the middle of the day. Isaiah 16:3.

'Executing judgement' stands for acting in accordance with God's truth.

[8] In Jeremiah,

I will raise up for David a righteous branch, who will execute judgement and righteousness in the land. Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15.

In Ezekiel,

If a man has been righteous, one who has executed judgement and righteousness ... [if he] walks in My statutes, and keeps My judgements, to execute truth, he is righteous; he will surely live. Ezekiel 18:5, 9.

In Zephaniah,

Seek Jehovah, O all the meek of the earth, who have executed His judgement. Zephaniah 2:3.

'Executing God's judgement' stands for carrying out Divine Truth or acting in accord with it. In Isaiah,

I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth judgement to the nations. He will not quench nor will He break until He has set judgement on the earth. Isaiah 42:1, 4.

This refers to the Lord. 'Bringing forth judgement to the nations' and 'setting judgement on the earth' stand for teaching Divine Truth and establishing it in the Church.

[9] In the same prophet,

Law will go out from Me, and I will raise up My judgement to be the light of peoples. Isaiah 51:4.

'Judgement' stands for Divine Truth, 'to be the light of peoples' for to bring enlightenment. In John,

For judgement I came 1 into this world, that those who do not see may see, but those who see may become blind. John 9:39.

'Coming into the world for judgement' stands for coming to reveal Divine Truth, which gives people vision if the Lord is the source of their wisdom, but makes them blind if they themselves are the source of it and on account of this are reputed to be learned.

[10] In Jeremiah,

Swear by the living Jehovah, in truth, in judgement, and in righteousness. Jeremiah 4:2.

In the same prophet,

There is none judging judgement for healthiness; you have no restorative medicaments. Jeremiah 30:13.

In David,

Righteousness and judgement are the support of Your throne; mercy and truth will stand firm before Your face. Psalms 89:14.

'Righteousness' stands for the good that belongs to mercy, and 'judgement' for the truth that belongs to faith, which is why the expression 'mercy and truth' is also used. In Ezekiel,

Jerusalem has changed My judgements into wickedness more than the nations, and My statutes more than the lands. Therefore I will execute in you [My] judgements in the eyes of the nations, and I will scatter all your remnant. Ezekiel 5:6-8, 10, 15.

'Changing judgements' stands for altering truths as they exist in the civic state, these truths being meant by 'judgements' when 'statutes' are also mentioned, see 8972. But 'executing judgements' means passing judgement that points to death, which is damnation, or to life, which is salvation. Salvation or damnation is also meant by 'judgement' when the expression 'day of judgement' or 'hour of judgement' is used, for example in Matthew 11:22, 24; 12:36, 41-42; Luke 10:14; 11:31-32; John 5:28-29; Revelation 14:7; 18:10. The same thing is also meant by 'judgement' when judgement-making is referred to, for example in Matthew 5:21-22; 7:1-2; 23:14, 33; John 5:24, 26-27; 7:24; 8:15-16; 12:31, 47-48; Luke 6:37; 12:13-14, 56-57; 19:21-22; 20:47; 22:30; Mark 12:40; Isaiah 3:14; 41:1; Jeremiah 25:31; 48:21; Joel 3:12; Psalms 7:7-8; 9:4, 7-8; Leviticus 19:15; Deuteronomy 1:16-17; 25:1; Revelation 17:1; 18:10; 20:12-13.

脚注:

1. The Latin means I come but the Greek means I came, which Swedenborg Has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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