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Исход第34章

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1 Потомъ Іегова сказалъ Моисею: вытеши себј двј скрижали каменныя, подобныя прежнимъ; и напиши на сихъ скрижаляхъ слова, какія были на прежнихъ скрижаляхъ, которыя ты разбилъ.

2 Итакъ будь готовъ завтра; и взойди завтра на гору Синай и предстань Мнј тамъ на вершинј горы.

3 Но никто другой не долженъ восходить съ тобою; и даже никто не долженъ показываться на всей горј; даже скотъ, мелкій и крупный, не долженъ пастись близъ горы сей.

4 Моисей вытесалъ двј скрижали каменныя, подобныя прежнимъ, и, вставъ рано поутру, взошелъ на гору Синай, какъ повелјлъ ему Іегова; и взялъ въ руки свои двј скрижали каменныя.

5 И сошелъ Іегова въ облакј, и остановился тамъ близъ его, и провозгласилъ имя Іеговы.

6 И прошелъ Іегова предъ лицемъ его, и провозгласилъ: Іегова, Іегова! Богъ человјколюбивый и милосердый, медленный на гнјвъ, великій въ милости и истинј,

7 сохраняющій милостъ въ тысячи родовъ, прощающій беззаконіе и преступленіе и грјхъ, но не оставляющій безъ наказанія, наказывающій беззаконіе отцевъ въ сынахъ и въ сынахъ сыновъ, до третьяго и до четвертаго рода.

8 Моисей тотчасъ палъ на землю и поклонился,

9 и сказалъ: если я обрјлъ благоволеніе въ очахъ Твоихъ, Іегова, то да пойдетъ Іегова посреди насъ: ибо народъ сей жестоковыенъ; прости беззаконія наши и грјхи наши, и сдјлай насъ наслјдіемъ Твоимъ.

10 И былъ отвјтъ: се, Я заключаю завјтъ: предъ всјмъ народомъ твоимъ содјлаю чудеса, каковыхъ не было по всей землј, и ни у какихъ народовъ; и увидитъ весь народъ, среди коего ты находишься, дјло Іеговы; ибо страшно будетъ то, что Я сдјлаю для тебя.

11 Сохрани то, что повелјваю тебј нынј: вотъ Я изгоняю отъ лица твоего Аморреевъ, и Хананеевъ, и Хеттеевъ, и Ферезеевъ, и Хиввеевъ, и Іевусеевъ;

12 смотри, не вступай въ союзъ съ жителями той земли, въ которую ты войдешь; чтобъ они не сдјлались сјтію среди васъ.

13 Но жертвенники ихъ разрушьте, и столпы ихъ сокрушите, и священшля рощи ихъ вырубите.

14 Ибо не долженъ ты поклоняться богу иному, кромј Іеговы; имя Его ревнитель; Онъ Богъ ревнитель.

15 Не вступай въ союзъ съ жителями той земли, чтобы, когда они будутъ блудно ходить вслјдъ боговъ своихъ и будутъ приносить жертвы богамъ своимъ, не пригласили тебя, и ты не вкусилъ бы жертвы ихъ.

16 И не бери изъ дочерей ихъ женъ сынамъ своимъ; дабы дочери ихъ, блудно ходя во слјдъ боговъ своихъ, не ввели и сыновъ твоихъ въ блуженіе въ слјдъ боговъ своихъ.

17 Не дјлай себј боговъ литыхъ.

18 Праздникъ опрјсноковъ соблюдай, семь дней јшь прјсный хлјбъ, какъ Я повелјлъ тебј, въ назначенное время мјсяца Авива: поелику въ мјсяцј Авивј вышелъ ты изъ Египта.

19 Все разверзающее ложесна - Мнј: и изъ всего скота твоего, изъ воловъ и овецъ, первородное мужескаго пола.

20 Первородное изъ ословъ выкупи овцею, если же не выкупишь, то убей его. Всјхъ первенцевъ изъ сыновъ твоихъ выкупай. Пусть не являются предъ лице Мое съ пустыми руками.

21 Шесть дней работай, а въ седьмый день покойся; покойся и въ самое время посјва и жатвы.

22 И праздникъ седьмицъ совершай при началј жатвы пшеницы, и праздникъ собиранія плодовъ въ концј года.

23 Три раза въ году долженъ являться весь мужескій полъ предъ лице Господа Іеговы, Бога Израилева.

24 Ибо Я прогоню народы отъ лица твоего, и распространю предјлы твои, и никто не пожелаетъ земли твоей, когда будешь являться предъ лице Іеговы, Бога твоего, три раза въ году.

25 Не изливай крови жертвы Моей на квасное, и жертва праздника Пасхи не должна переночевать до утра.

26 Самые первые плоды земли твоей приноси въ домъ Іеговы, Бога твоего. Не вари козленка въ молокј матери его.

27 И сказалъ Іегова Моисею: напиши себј слова сіи, поелику въ сихъ словахъ Я заключаю завјтъ съ тобою и съ Израилемъ.

28 И пробылъ тамъ Моисей съ Іеговою сорокъ дней и сорокъ ночей, хлјба не јлъ и воды не пилъ; и написалъ на скрижаляхъ слова завјта, десять словъ.

29 Когда сходилъ Моисей съ горы Синая, и двј скрижали откровенія были въ рукј у Моисея, при сошествіи его съ горы: тогда Моисей не зналъ, что лице его издавало лучи отъ того, что Богъ говорилъ съ нимъ.

30 И воззрјли Ааронъ и всј сыны Израилевы на Моисея; и се, лучи издаетъ лице его; и боялись подойти къ нему.

31 И призвалъ ихъ Моисей, и пришли къ нему Ааронъ и всј начальники общества, и разговаривалъ Моисей съ ними.

32 Послј сего приближилисъ всј сыны Израилевы, и онъ заповјдалъ имъ все, что говорилъ ему Іегова на горј Синај.

33 По окончаніи же разговора съ ними, Моисей положилъ на лице свое покрывало.

34 Когда же приходилъ Моисей предъ лице Іеговы, чтобы говорить съ Нимъ, тогда снималъ покрывало, доколј не отходилъ отъ Него. Отходя же пересказывалъ сынамъ Израилевымъ все, что заповјдано было.

35 Поелику же сыны Израилевы видјли, что лице Моисея издаетъ лучи, то Моисей опять полагалъ покрывало на лице свое, пока не нужно было идти говорить съ Нимъ.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#1001

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1001. 'Blood' means charity, as becomes clear from many considerations, and so means the new will part which a regenerate spiritual person receives from the Lord. This new will part is identical with charity, for it is from charity that the new will takes form. Indeed charity, or love, is the essential element or the life of the will, for nobody can possibly say he wills something unless he takes delight in it or loves it. When people say they have something in mind this does not imply that they will it, unless will is implicit in thought. This new will which is one of charity is 'the blood' here. It is not the person's own but the Lord's residing with him. And because it is the Lord's it must never be mixed together with things that belong to the person's own will which, as stated, is so foul. This was the reason why in the representative Church people were commanded not to eat flesh with its soul, that is, not to eat the blood. That is to say, they were not to mix the one with the other. Because 'blood' meant charity it meant that which was holy, and because 'flesh' meant what belonged to the merely human will, it meant that which was unholy. And because these, being opposites, were quite separate, people were forbidden to eat blood. For in those times 'the eating of flesh together with the blood' was representative in heaven of profanation, or the mixing together of holy and unholy - which representation in heaven could do nothing else than strike the angels with horror. For at that period of time all things that took place among members of the Church were converted among angels - according to the meaning such things had in the internal sense - into corresponding spiritual representations.

[2] Since the nature of everything depends on that of the person to whom it refers, the same holds true with regard to the meaning of blood. When it refers to a regenerate spiritual person 'blood' means charity or love towards the neighbour. When it refers to a regenerate celestial person it means love to the Lord. But when it refers to the Lord it means the whole of His Human Essence, and so Love itself, which is His mercy towards the human race. Consequently since 'blood' in general means love and what belongs to love, it means heavenly things that are the Lord's alone, and so in reference to man it means the heavenly things a person receives from the Lord. The heavenly things that a regenerate spiritual person receives from the Lord are celestial-spiritual. These in the Lord's Divine mercy will be dealt with elsewhere.

[3] That 'blood' means heavenly things, and in the highest sense meant the Lord's Human Essence, and so Love itself, which is His mercy towards the human race, becomes clear from the sacredness that the Jewish representative Church was required to attach to blood. For this reason blood was called 'the blood of the covenant'. It was sprinkled over the people, and also, together with the anointing oil, over Aaron and his sons. And [the blood] of every burnt offering and sacrifice was sprinkled over and around the altar. For these details, see Exodus 12:7, 13, 22-23; 24:6, 8; Leviticus 1:5, 11, 15; 4:6-7, 17-18, 25, 30, 34; 5:9; 16:12-15; 18, 19; Numbers 18:17; Deuteronomy 12:27.

[4] Because blood was held to be so holy, and what belonged to the merely human will was so unholy, they were strictly forbidden to eat blood because this represented the profanation of what is holy, as in Moses,

It shall be a perpetual statute throughout your generations, in all your dwelling-places, that you shall not eat any fat or any blood. Leviticus 3:17.

'Fat' stands for celestial life, and 'blood' in this instance for celestial-spiritual life. The celestial-spiritual is that which is spiritual having a celestial origin, as with the Most Ancient Church. With them love to the Lord was the celestial because this had been implanted in their will, while that which was celestial-spiritual with them was faith flowing from it, dealt with in 30-38, 337, 793, 398. But with a spiritual person the celestial does not exist, only the celestial-spiritual, because charity is implanted in the understanding part of his mind.

In the same author,

As for anyone from the house of Israel or from the sojourner sojourning among them who eats any blood, I will set My face 1 against the soul eating blood and will cut him off from among his people, for the soul of the flesh is in the blood; and I have given it for you upon the altar, to make atonement for your souls, for the blood itself will make atonement by reason of the soul. The soul of all flesh is the blood of it; everyone eating it shall be cut off. Leviticus 17:10-11, 14.

Here it is plainly stated that the soul of the flesh is in the blood and that the soul of [all] flesh is the blood, or that which is celestial, that is, that which is holy and is the Lord's.

[5] In the same author,

Be sure that you do not eat blood, for the blood is the soul and you shall not eat the soul with the flesh. Deuteronomy 12:23-25.

From these words similarly it is clear that the blood is called the soul, that is, celestial life, or that which is celestial, and was represented by the burnt offerings and sacrifices of that Church. In a similar way, it was the requirement not to mingle that which was celestial - the Lord's Proprium, which alone is celestial and holy - with man's proprium, which is unholy, that was represented also by their being forbidden to make a sacrifice of, that is, to offer, the blood of the sacrifice with anything leavened, Exodus 23:18; 34:25. That which was 'leavened' meant that which was corrupt and filthy.

[6] The reason Why 'blood' is called the soul and means the holiness of charity, and why the holiness of love was represented in the Jewish Church by 'blood', is that the life of the body lies in the blood. And because the life of the body lies in the blood it is its ultimate soul, so that the blood therefore may be called the bodily soul, or the place where a person's bodily life resides. And because in representative Churches internal things were represented by external, the soul or celestial life was therefore represented by 'the blood'.

脚注:

1. literally, faces

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.