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Levítico第7章

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1 Esta é a lei da oferta pela culpa: coisa santíssima é.

2 No lugar em que imolam o holocausto, imolarão a oferta pela culpa, e o sangue dela se espargirá sobre o altar em redor.

3 Dela se oferecerá toda a gordura: a cauda gorda, e a gordura que cobre a fressura,

4 os dois rins e a gordura que está sobre eles, e a que está junto aos lombos, e o redenho sobre o fígado, juntamente com os rins, os tirará;

5 e o sacerdote os queimará sobre o altar em oferta queimada ao Senhor; é uma oferta pela culpa.

6 Todo varão entre os sacerdotes comerá dela; num lugar santo se comerá; coisa santíssima é.

7 Como é a oferta pelo pecado, assim será a oferta pela culpa; há uma só lei para elas, a saber, pertencerá ao sacerdote que com ela houver feito expiação.

8 Também o sacerdote que oferecer o holocausto de alguém terá para si o couro do animal que tiver oferecido.

9 Igualmente toda oferta de cereais que se assar ao forno, como tudo o que se preparar na frigideira e na assadeira, pertencerá ao sacerdote que a oferecer.

10 Também toda oferta de cereais, seja ela amassada com azeite, ou seja seca, pertencerá a todos os filhos de Arão, tanto a um como a outro.

11 Esta é a lei do sacrifício das ofertas pacíficas que se oferecerá ao Senhor:

12 Se alguém o oferecer por oferta de ação de graças, com o sacrifício de ação de graças oferecerá bolos ázimos amassados com azeite, e coscorões ázimos untados com azeite, e bolos amassados com azeite, de flor de farinha, bem embebidos.

13 Com os bolos oferecerá pão levedado como sua oferta, com o sacrifício de ofertas pacíficas por ação de graças.

14 E dele oferecerá um de cada oferta por oferta alçada ao Senhor, o qual pertencerá ao sacerdote que espargir o sangue da oferta pacífica.

15 Ora, a carne do sacrifício de ofertas pacíficas por ação de graças se comerá no dia do seu oferecimento; nada se deixará dela até pela manhã.

16 Se, porém, o sacrifício da sua oferta for voto, ou oferta voluntária, no dia em que for oferecido se comerá, e no dia seguinte se comerá o que dele ficar;

17 mas o que ainda ficar da carne do sacrifício até o terceiro dia será queimado no fogo.

18 Se alguma parte da carne do sacrifício da sua oferta pacífica se comer ao terceiro dia, aquele sacrifício não será aceito, nem será imputado àquele que o tiver oferecido; coisa abominável será, e quem dela comer levará a sua iniqüidade.

19 A carne que tocar alguma coisa imunda não se comerá; será queimada no fogo; mas da outra carne, qualquer que estiver limpo comerá dela;

20 todavia, se alguma pessoa, estando imunda, comer a carne do sacrifício da oferta pacífica, que pertence ao Senhor, essa pessoa será extirpada do seu povo.

21 E, se alguma pessoa, tendo tocado alguma coisa imunda, como imundícia de homem, ou gado imundo, ou qualquer abominação imunda, comer da carne do sacrifício da oferta pacífica, que pertence ao Senhor, essa pessoa será extirpada do seu povo.

22 Depois disse o Senhor a Moisés:

23 Fala aos filhos de Israel, dizendo: Nenhuma gordura de boi, nem de carneiro, nem de cabra comereis.

24 Todavia pode-se usar a gordura do animal que morre por si mesmo, e a gordura do que é dilacerado por feras, para qualquer outro fim; mas de maneira alguma comereis dela.

25 Pois quem quer que comer da gordura do animal, do qual se oferecer oferta queimada ao Senhor, sim, a pessoa que dela comer será extirpada do seu povo.

26 E nenhum sangue comereis, quer de aves, quer de gado, em qualquer das vossas habitações.

27 Toda pessoa que comer algum sangue será extirpada do seu povo.

28 Disse mais o Senhor a Moisés:

29 Fala aos filhos de Israel, dizendo: Quem oferecer sacrifício de oferta pacífica ao Senhor trará ao Senhor a respectiva oblação da sua oferta pacífica.

30 Com as próprias mãos trará as ofertas queimadas do Senhor; o peito com a gordura trará, para movê-lo por oferta de movimento perante o Senhor.

31 E o sacerdote queimará a gordura sobre o altar, mas o peito pertencerá a Arão e a seus filhos.

32 E dos sacrifícios das vossas ofertas pacíficas, dareis a coxa direita ao sacerdote por oferta alçada.

33 Aquele dentre os filhos de Arão que oferecer o sangue da oferta pacífica, e a gordura, esse terá a coxa direita por sua porção;

34 porque o peito movido e a coxa alçada tenho tomado dos filhos de Israel, dos sacrifícios das suas ofertas pacíficas, e os tenho dado a Arão, o sacerdote, e a seus filhos, como sua porção, para sempre, da parte dos filhos de Israel.

35 Esta é a porção sagrada de Arão e a porção sagrada de seus filhos, das ofertas queimadas do Senhor, desde o dia em que ele os apresentou para administrar o sacerdócio ao Senhor;

36 a qual o Senhor, no dia em que os ungiu, ordenou que se lhes desse da parte dos filhos de Israel; é a sua porção para sempre, pelas suas gerações.

37 Esta é a lei do holocausto, da oferta de cereais, da oferta pelo pecado, da oferta pela culpa, da oferta das consagrações, e do sacrifício das ofertas pacíficas;

38 a qual o Senhor entregou a Moisés no monte Sinai, no dia em que este estava ordenando aos filhos de Israel que oferecessem as suas ofertas ao Senhor, no deserto de Sinai.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Apocalypse Explained#1153

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1153. And fine flour and wheat.- That these signify worship from truths and goods that are from a spiritual origin, profaned, is evident from the signification of fine flour, which denotes truth from a spiritual origin, of which we shall speak presently; and from the signification of wheat, which denotes good from a spiritual origin (concerning which see above, n. 374, 375). The reason why these things also signify worship is, that the meat offering, which, together with the sacrifices, was offered up upon the altar, was composed of them, similarly the wine and oil; for the meat offerings were prepared with oil, and the drink offerings with wine. On account of the gathering in of these things, festivals also were instituted in which they rejoiced on account of their produce. Fine flour signifies truth from spiritual good, because it is prepared from wheat, which signifies spiritual good, as truth is derived from good.

[2] Since this truth of the church was signified by fine flour, therefore the quantity to be used in the cakes that were called the meat offerings and were offered with the sacrifices upon the altar, was prescribed (concerning which see Exodus 29:5-7, 13; Numbers 18, 28, 29). Similarly the quantity of fine flour in the cakes of proposition, or shew-bread, was prescribed (Leviticus 23:17; chap. 24:5), for it was commanded, that "the meat offering which was to be offered upon the altar should be prepared from fine flour, and oil and frankincense poured thereon" (Leviticus 2:1). On account of this signification of fine flour, when Abraham spoke with the three angels, he said to Sarah his wife, "Hasten and knead three measures of fine flour, and make cakes" (Genesis 18:6).

[3] Fine flour also signifies the truth of good from a spiritual origin in Ezekiel:

"Fine flour, honey, and oil hast thou eaten, whence thou art become exceeding beautiful, and hast prospered unto a kingdom. My bread which I gave thee, fine flour, honey, and oil, wherewith I fed thee, thou hast set before" idols "for an odour of rest" (16:13, 19).

This treats of Jerusalem, by which the church as to doctrine is signified; and in that chapter its quality at its beginning is described, and what it became afterwards. Fine flour and oil signify truth and good from a spiritual origin, while honey signifies good from a natural origin. By becoming exceedingly beautiful is signified to become intelligent and wise; by prospering unto a kingdom is signified even to become a church, a kingdom signifying a church. By setting those things before idols for an odour of rest, is signified the idolatrous worship into which the true worship of the church was afterwards converted.

[4] By the meal of barley, however, truth from a natural origin is signified, for barley signifies natural good just as wheat signifies spiritual good.

Thus in Isaiah,

"Take thee a mill-stone and grind flour, make thyself bare" (47:2).

This refers to Babel. By taking a millstone and grinding flour is signified to falsify the truths of the Word, and by making herself bare or naked is signified to adulterate the goods of the Word.

In Hosea,

"They sow the wind, and they reap the whirlwind; he hath no standing corn, the blade shall yield no meal, and if it do yield, strangers shall devour it" (8:7).

Here also meal (farina) signifies truth from a natural origin.

[5] Continuation concerning the Athanasian Creed.- The fifth law of the Divine Providence is, That man should not know from feeling and perception in himself how good and truth from the Lord enter by influx, and how evil and falsity enter by influx from hell; nor see how the Divine Providence operates in favour of good against evil; for in such case man would not act as of himself from freedom according to reason. It is sufficient for him to know and acknowledge these things from the Word, and from the doctrine of the church. This is meant by the Lord's words in John:

"The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the voice thereof, but knowest not whence it cometh, or whither it goeth; so is every one that is born of the Spirit" (3:8);

and also by these words in Mark:

"The kingdom of God is as if a man should cast seed upon the earth, and should sleep and rise night and day; but the seed springeth up and groweth he knoweth not how; for the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself, first the blade, then the ear, at length the full corn in the ear; and when the fruit is brought forth, he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come" (4:26-29).

The reason why man does not perceive the operation of the Divine Providence in himself is, that such perception would take away his freedom, and consequently the power of thinking as if from himself, and with it also all the enjoyment of life, so that a man would be like, an automaton, in which there is no power of reciprocation as means by which conjunction is effected; and he would also be a slave, and not a free man.

[6] The reason why Divine Providence moves so secretly, that scarcely any vestige of it appears, although it operates in the most minute things of man's thought and will that regard his eternal state, is, that the Lord continually desires to impress His love on him, and His wisdom by means of it, and thus to create him into His image. The Lord, therefore, acts upon man's love, and from it upon his understanding, and not from his understanding upon his love. Love together with its affections, which are manifold and innumerable, is not perceived by man except by a most general feeling, and consequently in so small a degree as scarcely to amount to anything; and yet man is to be led from one affection of his loves into another, according to the connection in which they are from order, so that he may be reformed and saved, which is incomprehensible, not only to men, but also to the angels.

[7] If man knew any thing of these secret operations (arcana) he could not be withdrawn from leading himself, even though it were continually from heaven into hell, notwithstanding that he is constantly led by the Lord from hell towards heaven; for from himself he constantly acts in opposition to order, but the Lord constantly acts according to it. For, in consequence of the nature derived from his parents, man is in the love of himself, and in the love of the world, and consequently from a feeling of delight he perceives the whole of these loves as good; and still those loves as ends must be removed. This is effected by the Lord by an infinity of ways which appear like labyrinths, even before the angels of the third heaven.

[8] From these considerations it is evident, that it would be of no advantage to a man to know any thing of this from feeling and perception, but that on the contrary it would be hurtful to him, and would destroy him for ever. It is sufficient for him to be acquainted with truths, and by means of them with the nature of good and evil, and to acknowledge the Lord and His Divine government in every thing; then so far as he knows truths, and by means of them sees what good and evil are, and does truths as if from himself, so far the Lord, by love, introduces him into wisdom and the love of wisdom, conjoining wisdom with love, and making them one because they are one in Himself. The ways by which the Lord leads man may be compared with the vessels through which his blood flows and circulates; and also with the fibres and their foldings within and without the viscera of the body, especially in the brain, through which the animal spirit (spiritus animalis) flows and imparts life.

[9] Man is not aware how all these things enter by influx and flow through him; and yet he lives, provided he knows and does what is conducive to his well being. But the ways by which the Lord leads him are much more complicated and intricate, both those by which He leads man through the societies of hell, and away from them, and those by which He leads man through the societies of heaven, and interiorly into them. This, therefore, is what is meant by the words: "The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou knowest not whence it cometh and whither it goeth" (John 3), also, by the seed springing up and growing, a man knowing not how (Mark 4:27). Of what importance is it for a man to know how the seed grows, provided he knows how to plough the earth, to harrow it, to sow the seed, and when he reaps the harvest, to bless God?

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.