新基督教圣经研究

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3 Mosebok第5章

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1 Når nogen synder, idet han hører opropet til ed og kunde vidne om noget som han enten har sett eller er blitt vitende om, men allikevel ikke gir oplysning derom, og det således ligger en misgjerning på ham,

2 eller når nogen uten å vite det rører ved noget urent, enten det er åtselet av et urent vilt dyr eller åtselet av et urent tamt dyr eller åtselet av et urent kryp, og han således er blitt uren og har ført skyld over sig,

3 eller når han uten å vite det rører ved et menneskes urenhet, hvad det så er for urenhet det gjelder, og han siden får vite det og kjenner sig skyldig,

4 eller når nogen uten å sanse sig sverger tankeløst med sine leber at han vil gjøre noget, enten ondt eller godt, hvad det så kan være et menneske tankeløst sverger på, og han siden blir det var og kjenner sig skyldig i noget av disse stykker -

5 når nogen altså har ført skyld over sig med noget av dette og bekjenner det han har syndet i,

6 da skal han til bot for den synd han har gjort, bære frem for Herren et syndoffer; det skal være en hun av småfeet, et får eller en gjet. Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham og fri ham for hans synd.

7 Men dersom han ikke har råd til et stykke småfe, skal han til bot for sin synd bære frem for Herren to turtelduer eller to dueunger, en til syndoffer og en til brennoffer.

8 Han skal føre dem frem til presten, og presten skal først ofre den som er til syndoffer; han skal vri hodet av den like over nakken, dog uten å rive det av.

9 Så skal han sprenge av syndofferets blod på alterets vegg, og det som er tilovers av blodet, skal krystes ut ved alterets fot; det er et syndoffer.

10 Den andre fugl skal han ofre som brennoffer, som foreskrevet er. Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham og fri ham for den synd han har gjort sig skyldig i, så han får forlatelse.

11 Men dersom han ikke har råd til to turtelduer eller to dueunger, så skal han til bot for det han har syndet, ofre tiendedelen av en efa fint mel som syndoffer; han skal ikke ha olje på det og ikke legge virak ved; for det er et syndoffer.

12 Han skal bære det til presten, og presten skal ta en håndfull av det som ihukommelses-offer og brenne det på alteret sammen med Herrens ildoffer; det er et syndoffer.

13 Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham for den synd han har gjort i noget av hine stykker*, så han får forlatelse. Og resten av det skal høre presten til på samme måte som ved matofferet**. / {* 3MO 5, 1-4.} / {** se 3MO 2, 3. 10.}

14 Og Herren talte til Moses og sa:

15 Når nogen farer troløst frem og av vanvare forsynder sig mot nogen av Herrens hellige ting, så skal han til bot for sin synd ofre Herren som skyldoffer en vær uten lyte av sitt småfe, en som efter din verdsetning er verd minst to sekler i sølv efter helligdommens sekel.

16 Og det hellige han har forsyndet sig mot, skal han gi vederlag for, og han skal legge femtedelen til og gi det til presten. Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham med skyldoffer-væren, så han får forlatelse.

17 Når nogen uten å vite det synder mot noget av Herrens bud og gjør noget han har forbudt å gjøre, og han således har ført skyld over sig, og det ligger misgjerning på ham,

18 så skal han som skyldoffer føre frem til presten en vær uten lyte av sitt småfe, efter din verdsetning. Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham for den synd han uvitterlig har gjort, så han får forlatelse.

19 Det er et skyldoffer; han er blitt skyldig for Herren.

20 Og Herren talte til Moses og sa:

21 Når nogen synder og farer troløst frem mot Herren, idet han for sin næste lyver om noget som er ham betrodd eller nedlagt hos ham, eller om noget han har røvet, eller han med vold har fratatt sin næste noget,

22 eller han har funnet noget som var tapt, og lyver om det, eller han sverger falsk om noget av alt det et menneske kan forsynde sig med,

23 da skal den som således har syndet og ført skyld over sig, gi tilbake det han har røvet eller har tatt med vold, eller som var ham betrodd, eller som var tapt, og som han har funnet,

24 eller hvad det kan være som han har svoret falsk om, og han skal godtgjøre det med dets fulle verd, og enda legge til femtedelen; han skal gi det til eiermannen samme dag som han bærer frem sitt skyldoffer.

25 Og til bot for sin synd skal han føre frem til presten et skyldoffer for Herren: en vær uten lyte av sitt småfe, efter din verdsetning.

26 Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham for Herrens åsyn, så han får forlatelse, hvad han så har gjort og ført skyld over sig med.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#10129

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10129. 'And the altar shall be the holy of holies' means the celestial kingdom, where the Lord is present in the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the altar' as that which is representative of the Lord in respect of Divine Good, dealt with in 9388, 9389, 9714, 9964, at this point in respect of Divine Good in heaven and in the Church, 10123; and from the meaning of 'the holy of holies' as celestial good or the good of love from the Lord. The reason why it is the celestial kingdom that is meant here by 'the altar' and the good there that is meant by 'the holy of holies' is that the good received in that kingdom is the good of love which comes from and is offered back to the Lord, which is celestial good. For there are two kingdoms into which the heavens are divided, the celestial kingdom and the spiritual kingdom. The celestial kingdom receives the good of love coming from and offered back to the Lord, whereas the spiritual kingdom receives from the Lord the good of charity towards the neighbour, see the places referred to in 9277, and what is stated in 9680, 10068.

[2] 'The altar' represents the celestial kingdom, or what amounts to the same thing, it represents the Lord where He is present in the good of love; and 'the tent of meeting outside the veil' represents the spiritual kingdom, or what amounts to the same thing, it represents the Lord where He is present in the good of charity towards the neighbour. The spiritual kingdom's good, or spiritual good, is called the holy place, but the celestial kingdom's good, or celestial good, is called the holy of holies. The reason why celestial good, which is the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, is referred to as the holy of holies is that this good is a channel through which the Lord flows directly into the heavens; but spiritual good - the good of charity towards the neighbour - is a channel through which He does so indirectly, by way of celestial good, see 9473, 9683, 9873, 9992, 10005. The term 'flow in' is used because the Lord, being the Sun of heaven, is above the heavens and flows in from there, 10106; yet He is still as one present within the heavens.

[3] The fact that celestial good, which is the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, is meant by 'the holy of holies' is clear from places in the Word where the expression 'the holy of holies' occurs, as in Moses,

The veil shall be for you a divider between the holy place and the holy of holies. And you shall put the mercy-seat onto the ark of the Testimony in the holy of holies. Exodus 26:33-34.

From this it is evident that 'the holy place' refers to that part of the tent which was outside the veil, and 'the holy of holies' to the part within the veil. Regarding the tent or the dwelling-place outside the veil, that it represented the Lord's spiritual kingdom, or the middle heaven, and regarding the tent or dwelling-place within the veil, that it represented the Lord's celestial kingdom, or the inmost heaven, see 9457, 9481, 9485, 10001, 10025. The part of the tent within the veil is also called the holy sanctuary 1 , Leviticus 16:33. Since the ark, which had the Testimony within it and the mercy-seat above it, represented the inmost heaven, where celestial good reigns, the innermost part of the temple, where the ark of the covenant was, is also called the holy of holies, 1 Kings 6:16; 8:6.

[4] Since the bread and the minchah were signs of the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, which is celestial good, they too are called 'the holy of holies' in Moses,

The bread of faces (or of the presence) shall be eaten by Aaron and his sons in a holy place; for it is the holy of holies of the fire offerings to Jehovah. Leviticus 24:9.

'The bread of faces (or of the presence)' means celestial good, see 9545. In the same book,

That which remains of the minchah shall be for Aaron and his sons, the holy of holies of the fire offerings to Jehovah. Leviticus 2:3, 10.

'The minchah', which consisted of unleavened bread, unleavened cakes, and unleavened wafers mixed with oil, means celestial good or the good of love, see 4581, 9992, 10079; and 'a fire offering to Jehovah' means Divine Love, 10055.

[5] In the same author,

Every minchah - a sacrifice of sin offering and a sacrifice of guilt offering - which is for Aaron and his sons, is the holy of holies to Jehovah. Numbers 18:9-10.

Such minchahs too were called 'the holy of holies' because those sacrifices were signs of purification from evils, and all purification from evils is accomplished in a state of the good of innocence; and this good as well is celestial good. This explains why in sacrifices of sin offering or guilt offering female or male lambs, or rams, or young bulls, or turtle doves were offered, as is clear from Chapters 4, 5 of Leviticus, that good being meant by these creatures. For its being meant by 'lambs', see 3994, 3519, 7840, by 'rams', 10042, by 'young bulls', 9391; and its being meant by 'turtle doves' is evident from the places in the Word where such birds are mentioned. As regards purification from evils and regeneration, that they are accomplished in a state of innocence, see 10021. Therefore those sacrifices are called 'the holy of holies' also in Leviticus 6:25; 7:6; 10:17; 14:13.

[6] In the same author,

The minchah shall be eaten beside the altar; for it is the holy of holies. Leviticus 10:12.

It has been shown above that the altar of burnt offering represented the Lord in respect of the good of love, and reception by angels and men. This accounts for the use of the following words concerning it in Moses,

You shall anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its vessels, its laver, and its pedestal. And you shall sanctify them, that they may be the holy of holies; everyone who touches them will make himself holy. Exodus 30:28-29.

[7] The incense too, some of which was placed before the Testimony in the tent of meeting, is called the holy of holies, Exodus 30:36, because it meant celestial good in last and lowest things, and also meant the things that emanate from that good, 9475. In Ezekiel,

This is the law of the house 2 : On the top of the mountain shall its whole border round about be, the holy of holies. Ezekiel 43:12.

The reason why 'the house' together with the border around it is called 'the holy of holies' is that 'God's house' means the celestial kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord in respect of the good of love, 3720. This is why the words 'on the top of the mountain' are also used, for 'the top of the mountain' has the same meaning, 6435, 9422, 9434.

[8] In Daniel,

Seventy weeks have been decreed concerning the people and concerning the holy city to seal up vision and prophet, and to anoint the holy of holies. Daniel 9:24.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord, who alone is Jehovah's Anointed and who alone is the Holy One, and who also as to His Human is the Divine Good of Divine Love, and so is the holy of holies.

The Lord alone as to His Divine Human is Jehovah's Anointed, see 9954.

He alone is the Holy One, 9229.

He is the Divine Good of Divine Love, see the places referred to in 9199(end).

[9] The reason why celestial good is meant by 'the holy of holies' but spiritual good by 'the holy place' is that celestial good is inmost good, and therefore also is the inmost heaven's good, whereas spiritual good is good emanating from that celestial good and is therefore the middle heaven's good. And this good is good and consequently holy to the extent that it has celestial good within it; for celestial good flows into spiritual, conceives it, and begets it as a father does his child. The words 'celestial good' are used to mean the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, and 'spiritual good' to mean the good of charity towards the neighbour received from the Lord.

[10] The good of love to the Lord received from the Lord is 'the holy of holies' because the Lord joins Himself directly to others through it. But the good of charity towards the neighbour is 'the holy place' because He joins Himself through it indirectly; and He joins Himself to the extent that it has the good of love from the Lord within it. The good of love to the Lord received from the Lord is present within all genuine good of charity, and also within all genuine good of faith; for such good flows in from the Lord. No one by his own strength, only by the Lord's, can love the neighbour and in love do good to him; and no one by his own strength, only by the Lord's, can believe in God. When therefore the Lord is acknowledged and the neighbour is loved, the Lord is present within the love towards the neighbour, however unaware the person may be of it. This also is what the Lord's words in Matthew serve to mean,

The righteous will answer, Lord, when did we see You hungry and feed You, or thirsty and give You drink? When did we see You sick, or in prison, and come to You? But the King will say to them, Truly I say to you, Insofar as you did it to one of the least of these My brothers you did it to Me. Matthew 25:37-40.

From these words it is evident that the Lord is within the good of charity, indeed is that good, even though those governed by this good are unaware of it. 'Brothers' is used in the proximate sense 3 to mean those governed by the good of charity; and in the abstract sense, without reference to persons, 'the Lord's brothers' are the good of charity itself, in all its forms, see 5063-5071.

脚注:

1. i.e. the internal historical sense. See the final words of 4690.

2. i.e. the new temple

3. literally, the sanctuary of holiness

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#6118

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6118. 'Saying, Give us bread' means a plea for the sustainment of spiritual life. This is clear from the meaning of 'giving', when it has reference to 'bread', as sustaining; and from the meaning of 'bread' as spiritual life. In a specific sense 'bread' means the good of love and charity; but in a general sense it means spiritual life, for in this case bread is used to mean all food, as shown in 2165. When used to mean all food in general, it is spiritual life; for in the spiritual sense food in general is all the good of love and all the truth of faith. These two are what compose spiritual life.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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