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출애굽기第13章

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1 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대

2 이스라엘 자손 중에 사람이나 짐승이나 무론하고 초태생은 다 거룩히 구별하여 내게 돌리라 이는 내 것이니라 ! 하시니라

3 모세가 백성에게 이르되 `너희는 애굽에서 곧 종 되었던 집에서 나온 그 날을 기념하여 유교병을 먹지 말라 여호와께서 그 손의 권능으로 너희를 그 곳에서 인도하여 내셨음이니라

4 아빕월 이 날에 너희가 나왔으니

5 여호와께서 너를 인도하여 가나안 사람과, 헷 사람과, 아모리 사람과, 히위 사람과, 여부스 사람의 땅 곧 네게 주시려고 네 조상들에게 맹세하신바 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅에 이르게 하시거든 너는 이 달에 이 예식을 지켜

6 칠일 동안 무교병을 먹고 제 칠일에는 여호와께 절기를 지키라

7 칠일 동안에는 무교병을 먹고 유교병을 너희 곳에 있게 하지 말며 네 지경 안에서 누룩을 네게 보이지도 말게 하며

8 너는 그 날에 네 아들에게 뵈어 이르기를 이 예식은 내가 애굽에서 나올 때에 여호와께서 나를 위하여 행하신 일을 인함이라 하고

9 이것으로 네 손의 기호와 네 미간의 표를 삼고 여호와의 율법으로 네 입에 있게 하라 이는 여호와께서 능하신 손으로 너를 애굽에서 인도하여 내셨음이니

10 연년이 기한에 이르러 이 규례를 지킬지니라

11 여호와께서 너와 네 조상에게 맹세하신대로 너를 가나안 사람의 땅에 인도하시고 그 땅을 네게 주시거든

12 너는 무릇 초태생과 네게 있는 생축의 초태생을 다 구별하여 여호와께 돌리라 수컷은 여호와의 것이니라

13 나귀의 첫새끼는 다 어린 양으로 대속할 것이요 그렇게 아니하려면 그 목을 꺽을 것이며 너의 아들중 모든 장자 된 자는 다 대속할지니라

14 장래에 네 아들이 네게 묻기를 이것이 어찜이냐 ? 하거든 너는 그에게 이르기를 여호와께서 그 손의 권능으로 우리를 애굽에서 곧 종이 되었던 집에서 인도하여 내실쌔

15 그 때에 바로가 강퍅하여 우리를 보내지 아니하매 여호와께서 애굽 나라 가운데 처음 낳은 것까지 다 죽이신고로 초태생의 수컷은 다 여호와께 희생으로 드리고 우리 장자는 다 대속하나니

16 이것으로 네 손의 기호와 네 미간의 표를 삼으라 여호와께서 그 손의 권능으로 우리를 애굽에서 인도하여 내셨음이니라 할지니라'

17 바로가 백성을 보낸 후에 블레셋 사람의 땅의 길은 가까울지라도 하나님이 그들을 그 길로 인도하지 아니하셨으니 이는 하나님이 말씀하시기를 이 백성이 전쟁을 보면 뉘우쳐 애굽으로 돌아갈까 하셨음이라

18 그러므로 하나님이 홍해의 광야 길로 돌려 백성을 인도하시매 이스라엘 자손이 애굽 땅에서 항오를 지어 나올 때에

19 모세가 요셉의 해골을 취하였으니 이는 요셉이 이스라엘 자손으로 단단히 맹세케 하여 이르기를 '하나님이 필연 너희를 권고하시리니 너희는 나의 해골을 여기서 가지고 나가라' 하였음이었더라

20 그들이 숙곳에서 발행하여 광야 끝에 담에 장막을 치니

21 여호와께서 그들 앞에 행하사 낮에는 구름 기둥으로 그들의 길을 인도하시고 밤에는 불기둥으로 그들에게 비취사 주야로 진행하게 하시니

22 낮에는 구름 기둥,밤에는 불기둥이 백성 앞에서 떠나지 아니하니라

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#3519

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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.