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出エジプト記第23章

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1 あなたは偽りのうわさを言いふらしてはならない。あなたは悪人を携えて、悪意のある証人になってはならない。

2 あなたは多数に従って悪をおこなってはならない。あなたは訴訟において、多数に従って片寄り、正義を曲げるような証言をしてはならない。

3 また貧しい人をその訴訟において、曲げてかばってはならない。

4 もし、あなたがの牛または、ろばの迷っているのに会う時は、必ずこれを彼の所に連れて行って、帰さなければならない。

5 もしあなたを憎む者のろばが、その荷物の下に倒れ伏しているのを見る時は、これを見捨てて置かないように気をつけ、必ずその人に手を貸して、これを起さなければならない。

6 あなたは貧しい者の訴訟において、裁判を曲げてはならない。

7 あなたは偽り事に遠ざからなければならない。あなたは罪のない者と正しい者とを殺してはならない。わたしは悪人を義とすることはないからである。

8 あなたは賄賂を取ってはならない。賄賂は人の目をくらまし、正しい者の事件をも曲げさせるからである。

9 あなたは寄留の他人をしえたげてはならない。あなたがたはエジプトで寄留の他人であったので、寄留の他人の心を知っているからである。

10 あなたは年のあいだ、地に種をまき、その産物を取り入れることができる。

11 しかし、七年目には、これを休ませて、耕さずに置かなければならない。そうすれば、あなたの民の貧しい者がこれを食べ、その残りは野の獣が食べることができる。あなたのぶどう畑も、オリブも同様にしなければならない。

12 あなたはのあいだ、仕事をし、七目には休まなければならない。これはあなたの牛および、ろばが休みを得、またあなたのはしためのおよび寄留の他国人を休ませるためである。

13 わたしが、あなたがたに言ったすべての事に心を留めなさい。他の神々の名を唱えてはならない。また、これをあなたのくちびるから聞えさせてはならない。

14 あなたは年に三度、わたしのために祭を行わなければならない。

15 あなたは種入れぬパンの祭を守らなければならない。わたしが、あなたに命じたように、アビブ月の定めの時に七のあいだ、種入れぬパンを食べなければならない。それはそのにあなたがエジプトから出たからである。だれも、むなし手でわたしのに出てはならない。

16 また、あなたがにまいて獲た物の勤労の初穂をささげる刈入れの祭と、あなたの勤労の実をから取り入れる年の終りに、取入れの祭を行わなければならない。

17 男子はみな、年に三度なる神のに出なければならない。

18 あなたはわたしの犠牲のを、種を入れたパンと共にささげてはならない。また、わたしの祭の脂肪を翌まで残して置いてはならない。

19 あなたの土地の初穂の最も良い物を、あなたの主のに携えてこなければならない。あなたは子やぎを、そのの乳で煮てはならない。

20 見よ、わたしは使をあなたのにつかわし、あなたを道で守らせ、わたしが備えた所に導かせるであろう。

21 あなたはそのに慎み、その言葉に聞き従い、彼にそむいてはならない。わたしの名が彼のうちにあるゆえに、彼はあなたがたのとがをゆるさないであろう。

22 しかし、もしあなたが彼の声によく聞き従い、すべてわたしが語ることを行うならば、わたしはあなたのとし、あなたのあだをあだとするであろう。

23 わたしの使はあなたのに行って、あなたをアモリびと、ヘテびと、ペリジびと、カナンびと、ヒビびと、およびエブスびとの所に導き、わたしは彼らを滅ぼすであろう。

24 あなたは彼らの神々を拝んではならない。これに仕えてはならない。また彼らのおこないにならってはならない。あなたは彼らを全く打ち倒し、その石の柱を打ち砕かなければならない。

25 あなたがたのに仕えなければならない。そうすれば、わたしはあなたがたのパンを祝し、あなたがたのうちから病を除き去るであろう。

26 あなたののうちには流産する女もなく、不妊の女もなく、わたしはあなたのの数を満ち足らせるであろう。

27 わたしはあなたの先に、わたしの恐れをつかわし、あなたが行く所の民を、ことごとく打ち敗り、すべてのに、その背をあなたの方へ向けさせるであろう。

28 わたしはまた、くまばちをあなたの先につかわすであろう。これはヒビびと、カナンびと、およびヘテびとをあなたのから追い払うであろう。

29 しかし、わたしは彼らを一年のうちには、あなたのから追い払わないであろう。土地が荒れすたれ、野の獣が増して、あなたを害することのないためである。

30 わたしは徐々に彼らをあなたのから追い払うであろう。あなたは、ついにふえひろがって、この地を継ぐようになるであろう。  

31 わたしは紅からペリシテびとのに至るまでと、荒野からユフラテに至るまでを、あなたの領域とし、この地に住んでいる者をあなたのにわたすであろう。あなたは彼らをあなたのから追い払うであろう。

32 あなたは彼ら、および彼らの神々と契約を結んではならない。

33 彼らはあなたのに住んではならない。彼らがあなたをいざなって、わたしに対して罪を犯させることのないためである。もし、あなたが彼らの仕えるならば、それは必ずあなたのわなとなるであろう」。

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#3519

学习本章节

  
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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.