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1 Mose第38章

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1 Es begab sich um dieselbe Zeit, daß Juda hinabzog von seinen Brüdern und tat sich zu einem Mann von Adullam, der hieß Hira.

2 Und Juda sah daselbst eines Kanaaniter-Mannes Tochter, der hieß Sua, und nahm sie. Und da er zu ihr einging,

3 ward sie schwanger und gebar einen Sohn, den hieß er Ger.

4 Und sie ward abermals schwanger und gebar einen Sohn, den hieß sie Onan.

5 Sie gebar abermals einen Sohn, den hieß sie Sela; und er war zu Chesib, da sie ihn gebar.

6 Und Juda gab seinem ersten Sohn, Ger, ein Weib, die hieß Thamar.

7 Aber Ger war böse vor dem HERRN; darum tötete ihn der HERR.

8 Da sprach Juda zu Onan: Gehe zu deines Bruders Weib und nimm sie zur Ehe, daß du deinem Bruder Samen erweckest.

9 Aber da Onan wußte, daß der Same nicht sein eigen sein sollte, wenn er einging zu seines Bruders Weib, ließ er's auf die Erde fallen und verderbte es, auf daß er seinem Bruder nicht Samen gäbe.

10 Da gefiel dem HERRN übel, was er tat, und er tötete ihn auch.

11 Da sprach Juda zu seiner Schwiegertochter Thamar: Bleibe eine Witwe in deines Vaters Hause, bis mein Sohn Sela groß wird. Denn er gedachte, vielleicht möchte er auch sterben wie seine Brüder. Also ging Thamar hin und blieb in ihres Vaters Hause.

12 Da nun viele Tage verlaufen waren, starb des Sua Tochter, Juda's Weib. Und nachdem Juda ausgetrauert hatte, ging er hinauf seine Schafe zu scheren, gen Thimnath mit seinem Freunde Hira von Adullam.

13 Da ward der Thamar angesagt: Siehe, dein Schwiegervater geht hinauf gen Thimnath, seine Schafe zu scheren.

14 Da legte sie die Witwenkleider von sich, die sie trug, deckte sich mit einem Mantel und verhüllte sich und setzte sich vor das Tor von Enaim an dem Wege gen Thimnath; denn sie sah, daß Sela war groß geworden, und sie ward ihm nicht zum Weibe gegeben.

15 Da sie nun Juda sah, meinte er, sie wäre eine Hure; denn sie hatte ihr Angesicht verdeckt.

16 Und er machte sich zu ihr am Wege und sprach: Laß mich doch zu dir kommen; denn er wußte nicht, daß es seine Schwiegertochter wäre. Sie antwortete: Was willst du mir geben, daß du zu mir kommst?

17 Er sprach: Ich will dir einen Ziegenbock von der Herde senden. Sie antwortete: So gib mir ein Pfand, bis daß du mir's sendest.

18 Er sprach: Was willst du für ein Pfand, das ich dir gebe? Sie antwortete: Deinen Ring und deine Schnur und deinen Stab, den du in den Händen hast. Da gab er's ihr und kam zu ihr; und sie ward von ihm schwanger.

19 Und sie machte sich auf und ging hin und zog ihre Witwenkleider wieder an.

20 Juda aber sandte den Ziegenbock durch seinen Freund Adullam, daß er das Pfand wieder holte von dem Weibe; und er fand sie nicht.

21 Da fragte er die Leute: Wo ist die Hure, die zu Enaim am Wege saß? Sie antworteten: Es ist keine Hure da gewesen.

22 Und er kam wieder zu Juda und sprach: Ich habe sie nicht gefunden; dazu sagen die Leute des Orts, es sei keine Hure da gewesen.

23 Juda sprach: Sie mag's behalten; sie kann uns doch nicht Schande nachsagen, denn ich habe den Bock gesandt, so hast du sie nicht gefunden.

24 ber drei Monate ward Juda angesagt: Deine Schwiegertochter Thamar hat gehurt; dazu siehe, ist sie von der Hurerei schwanger geworden. Juda spricht: Bringt sie hervor, daß sie verbrannt werde.

25 Und da man sie hervorbrachte, schickte sie zu ihrem Schwiegervater und sprach: Von dem Mann bin ich schwanger, des dies ist. Und sprach: Kennst du auch, wes dieser Ring und diese Schnur und dieser Stab ist?

26 Juda erkannte es und sprach: Sie ist gerechter als ich; denn ich habe sie nicht gegeben meinen Sohn Sela. Doch erkannte er sie fürder nicht mehr.

27 Und da sie gebären sollte, wurden Zwillinge in ihrem Leib gefunden.

28 Und als sie jetzt gebar, tat sich eine Hand heraus. Da nahm die Wehmutter einen roten Faden und band ihn darum und sprach: Der wird zuerst herauskommen.

29 Da aber der seine Hand wieder hineinzog, kam sein Bruder heraus; und sie sprach: Warum hast du um deinetwillen solchen Riß gerissen? Und man hieß ihn Perez.

30 Darnach kam sein Bruder heraus, der den roten Faden um seine Hand hatte. Und man hieß ihn Serah.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#4835

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4835. 'Come [in] to your brother's wife and perform the duty of a husband's brother to her' means that this - that representative of the Church - might be continued. This is clear from the meaning of 'coming (or going in) to a brother's wife and performing the duty of a husband's brother to her' as preserving and continuing that which constitutes the Church. The requirement laid down in the Mosaic Law, that if a man died without issue his brother was to marry his widow and raise up seed for his brother, and that the firstborn was to receive his dead brother's name, whereas all other sons were to be his own, was called the duty of a brother-in-law. The fact that this directive was nothing new in the Jewish Church but a practice already in existence is clear from the words used here; and the same goes for many other directives given to the Israelites through Moses, such as the law forbidding them to take wives from the daughters of the Canaanites and requiring them to marry within their own families, Genesis 24:3-4; 28:1-2. From these and many other examples it is evident that a Church had existed previously in which the same kind of practices were followed as those at a later time which were declared to and demanded of the sons of Jacob. Altars and sacrifices likewise had been in use since ancient times, as is evident from Genesis 8:20-21; 22:3, 7-8. From this it is plain that the Jewish Church was not a new Church but a revival of the Ancient Church which had perished.

[2] What the law regarding the duty of a brother-in-law had been is clear in Moses,

If brothers dwell together but one of them dies, and has no son, the wife of the dead one shall not marry a stranger outside [the family]; her brother-in-law shall go in to her, and take her to himself as his wife, and so perform the duty of a brother-in-law to her. Then it will happen, that the firstborn whom she bears shall succeed to the name of his dead brother, so that his name is not wiped out from Israel. But if the man is unwilling to take his sister-in-law, his sister-in-law shall go up to the gate to the elders, and she shall say, My brother-in-law refuses to raise up for his brother a name in Israel; he is unwilling to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me. Then the elders of his city shall call him and speak to him; and if he stands and says, I do not desire to take her, his sister-in-law shall go up to him in the sight of the elders, and she shall remove his shoe from upon his foot and spit in his face; and she shall answer and say, So will it be done to the man who does not build up his brother's house. Therefore his name will be called in Israel, The house of him who has his shoe taken off. Deuteronomy 25:5-10.

[3] Anyone who does not know what the duty of a brother-in-law represents inevitably believes that the practice existed solely for the sake of preserving a name and consequently an inheritance. But the preservation of a name and an inheritance was not in itself a great enough reason why a brother should have been required to enter into a marriage with his sister-in-law. Rather, the practice was ordained so that the preservation and continuation of the Church might be represented through it. For a marriage represented the marriage of good and truth, which is the heavenly marriage. It therefore represented the Church too, for the Church is a Church by virtue of the marriage of good and truth, and when this marriage exists within it the Church makes one with heaven, which is the true heavenly marriage. And because a marriage represented these things, 'sons and daughters' were therefore representations and also meaningful signs of truths and goods. This being so, 'being without issue' meant a lack of good and truth, and so meant that no representative of the Church existed in that house any longer, and that as a consequence it was not in communion with the Church. In addition 'brother' represented a kindred good to which the truth represented by a widow might be joined. For to be the kind of truth that has life, produces fruit, and thereby continues that which constitutes the Church, truth cannot be joined to any other good but that which is its own and a kindred one. This was how those in heaven perceived the duty of a brother-in-law.

[4] The meaning of this practice - of a sister-in-law removing the shoe from upon the foot of the man who refused to do the duty of a brother-in-law, and of her spitting in his face - was this: Anyone devoid of good and truth, external and internal, would destroy those things that constitute the Church; for 'the shoe' means that which is external, 1748, and 'the face' that which is internal, 1999, 2434, 3527, 4066, 4796. From this it is evident that 'the duty of a brother-in-law' represented the preservation and continuation of the Church. But when through the Lord's Coming representatives of internal things came to an end, that particular law was done away with. It is like a person's soul or spirit in relation to his body. A person's soul or spirit is the internal part of him and his body the external; or what amounts to the same, the soul or spirit is the true likeness of the person, whereas the body is merely a representative image of him. When a person rises again his representative image or that which is external, namely his body, is cast aside, for he is now conscious in that which is internal, namely the true likeness of him. It is also like a person who is in darkness and from there looks at things belonging to light; or what amounts to the same, like one who is in the light of the world and from there looks at things belonging to the light of heaven. For the light of the world in comparison with the light of heaven is as darkness. Within that darkness, that is, within the light of the world, things belonging to the light of heaven as they exist essentially cannot be seen, but are seen so to speak within a representative image, even as the human mind is seen in a person's face. Therefore when the light of heaven is seen in its own essential brightness, the darkness of representative images is dispelled. This was effected through the Lord's Coming.

[4835a] 'And raise up seed for your brother' means so that the Church does not perish. This is clear from the meaning of 'seed' as truth derived from good, or faith grounded in charity, dealt with in 1025, 1447, 16110, 1940, 2848, 3310, 3373, 3671. The same is also meant by the firstborn who was to succeed to the name of the dead brother, 352, 367, 2435, 3325, 3494. 'Raising up seed for a brother' means continuing that which constitutes the Church, in line with what has been stated just above in 4834, and thus means so that the Church does not perish.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.