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Tredje Mosebog第7章

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1 Dette er Loven om Skyldofferet. Det er højhelligt

2 Der, hvor Brændofferet slagtes, skal Skyldofferet slagtes. Dets Blod skal sprænges rundt om på Alteret,

3 og alt dets Fedt skal frembæres. Fedthalen, Fedtet, der dækker Indvoldene, og alt Fedtet på Indvoldene,

4 begge Nyrerne med det Fedt, som sidder på dem ved Lændemusklerne, og Leverlappen, som skal skilles fra ved Nyrerne.

5 Og Præsten skal bringe det som øgoffer på Alteret, et Ildoffer for HE EN. Det er et Skyldoffer.

6 Alle af Mandkøn blandt Præsterne må spise det; på et helligt Sted skal det spises; det er højhelligt.

7 Det er med Skyldofferet som med Syndofferet, en og samme Lov gælder for dem: Det tilfalder den Præst, der skaffer Soning ved det.

8 Den Præst, som frembærer nogens Brændoffer, ham skal Huden af det Brændoffer, han frembærer, tilfalde.

9 Ethvert Afgrødeoffer, der bages i Ovnen, eller som er tilberedt i Pande eller på Plade, tilfalder den Præst, der frembærer det;

10 men ethvert Afgrødeoffer, der er rørt i Olie eller tørt, tilfalder alle Arons Sønner, den ene lige så vel som den anden.

11 Dette er Loven om Takofferet, som bringes HE EN.

12 Hvis det bringes som Lovprisningsoffer, skal han sammen med Slagtofferet, der hører til hans Lovprisningsoffer, frembære usyrede Kager, rørte i Olie, usyrede Fladbrød, smurte med Olie, og fint Hvedemel, æltet til Kager, rørte i Olie;

13 sammen med syrede Brødkager skal han frembære sin Offergave som sit Lovprisningstakoffer.

14 Han skal deraf frembære een Kage af hver Offergave som en Offerydelse til HE en; den tilfalder den Præst, der sprænger Blodet af Takofferet på Alteret.

15 Kødet af hans Lovprisningstakoffer skal spises på selve Offerdagen, intet de1af må gemmes til næste Morgen.

16 Er hans Offergaver derimod et Løfteoffer eller et Frivilligoffer, skal det vel spises på selve Offerdagen, men hvad der levnes, må spises Dagen efter;

17 men hvad der så er tilbage af Offerkødet, skal opbrændes på den tredje Dag;

18 og hvis der spises noget af hans Takoffers Kød på den tredje Dag, så vil den, som bringer Offeret, ikke kunne finde Guds Velbehag, det skal ikke tilregnes ham, men regnes for urent Kød, og den, der spiser deraf, skal undgælde for sin Brøde.

19 Det Kød, der kommer i Berøring med noget som helst urent, må ikke spises, det skal opbrændes. I øvrigt må enhver, der er ren, spise Kødet;

20 men enhver, som i uren Tilstand spiser Kød af HE ENs Takoffer, skal udryddes af sin Slægt;

21 og når nogen rører ved noget urent, enten menneskelig Urenhed eller urent Kvæg eller nogen Slags urent Kryb, og så spiser Kød af HE ENs Takoffer, skal han udryddes af sin Slægt.

22 HE EN talede fremdeles til Moses og sagde:

23 Tal til Israeliterne og sig: I må ikke spise noget som helst Fedt af Okser, Får eller Geder.

24 Fedt af selvdøde og sønderrevne Dyr må bruges til alt, men I må under ingen Omstændigheder spise det.

25 Thi enhver, der spiser Fedtet af det Kvæg, hvoraf der bringes HE EN Ildofre, den, der spiser noget deraf, skal udryddes af sit Folk.

26 Og I må heller ikke nyde noget som helst Blod af Fugle eller Kvæg, hvor I end opholder eder;

27 enhver, der nyder noget som helst Blod, skal udryddes af sin Slægt.

28 HE EN talede fremdeles til Moses og sagde:

29 Tal til Israeliterne og sig: Den, der bringer HE EN sit Takoffer, skal af sit Takoffer frembære for HE EN den ham tilkommende Offergave;

30 med egne Hænder skal han frembære HE ENs Ildofre. Han skal frembære Fedtet tillige med Brystet; Brystet, for at Svingningen kan udføres dermed for HE ENs Åsyn;

31 og Præsten skal bringe Fedtet som øgoffer på Alteret, men Brystet skal tilfalde Aron og hans Sønner.

32 Desuden skal I give Præsten højre Kølle som Offerydelse af eders Takofre.

33 Den af Arons Sønner, der frembærer Takofferets Blod og Fedtet, ham tilfalder højre Kølle som hans Del.

34 Thi Svingningsbrystet og Offerydelseskøllen tager jeg fra Israeliterne af deres Takofre og giver dem til Præsten Aron og hans Sønner, en evig gyldig ettighed, som de har Krav på hos Israeliterne.

35 Det er Arons og hans Sønners Del af HE ENs Ildofre, den, som blev givet dem, den dag han lod dem træde frem for at gøre Præstetjeneste for HE EN,

36 den, som HE EN, den Dag han salvede dem, bød Israeliterne at give dem, en evig gyldig ettighed, som de har Krav på fra Slægt til Slægt.

37 Det er Loven om Brændofferet, Afgrødeofferet, Syndofferet, Skyldofferet, Indsættelsesofferet og Takofferet,

38 som HE EN pålagde Moses på Sinaj Bjerg, den Dag han bød Israeliterne at bringe HE EN deres Offergaver i Sinaj Ørken.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#10109

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10109. 'And they shall eat those things containing what has been expiated' means the making of good their own by those who have been purified from evils and consequent falsities. This is clear from the meaning of 'eating' as making one's own, dealt with above in 10106; and from the meaning of 'what has been expiated' as that which has been purified from evils and consequent falsities, dealt with in 9506. The words 'purified from evils and consequent falsities' are used because falsities as well as truths exist with those ruled by evil, and also falsities as well as truths exist with those who are governed by good. The falsities present with those ruled by evil are falsities of evil, and the truths present with them are falsified truths, which are dead. But the falsities present with those governed by good are accepted as truths, for those falsities are tempered by the good and put to good and useful purposes, and the truths present with them are the truths of good, which are alive. Regarding both kinds of falsity and truth, see what has been shown in 2243, 2408, 2863, 4736, 4822, 6359, 7272, 7437, 7574, 7577, 8051, 8137, 8138, 8149, 8298, 8311, 8318 (end), 9258, 9298.

[2] Since 'eating the holy things containing what has been expiated' means the making of good their own by those who have been purified from evils and consequent falsities, anyone unclean was strictly forbidden to eat of those things; for uncleanness means defilement by evils and consequent falsities. For the situation is that as long as a person is steeped in evils and consequent falsities good cannot by any means be made his own. This is because evil comes up from hell and good comes down from heaven, and where hell is heaven cannot be, since they are diametrically opposed to each other. Therefore to make a place for heaven - that is, for good from heaven - hell, that is, evil from hell, must be removed. From this it may be seen that good cannot by any means be made a person's own as long as he is ruled by evil. By making good his own the implanting of good in the will should be understood, for good cannot be said to have been made a person's own until it becomes part of his will. A person's will is the actual person, and his understanding also, to the extent that it derives from the will. For what is part of the will forms part of the person's love and consequently his life, since what a person wills he loves and calls good, and also when it is done by him it is felt to be such. The situation is different with those things which are part of the understanding but not at the same time part of the will. It should also be recognized that when a person is said to make good his own, no more should be understood than his ability to receive good from the Lord, an ability he is endowed with through regeneration. Consequently good as it exists with a person is not that person's; rather it is the Lord's with him. And he is maintained in it to the extent that he allows himself to be withheld from evils. The impossibility for good to become a person's own, that is, for it to be transmitted to him, as long as he is ruled by evil was the reason for the prohibition which prevented one who was unclean from eating the flesh and the bread of a sacrifice; for that eating represented making good one's own, as stated above.

[3] Those who were unclean were forbidden on pain of death to eat from holy offerings, as is clear in Moses,

Everyone who is clean shall eat flesh. The soul who eats the flesh of sacrifices while uncleanness is on him shall be cut off from his people. The soul who touches anything unclean - the uncleanness of a human being or an unclean beast or any unclean creeping thing whatever - and eats of the flesh of the eucharistic sacrifice shall be cut off from [his] people. Leviticus 7:19-21.

All those outward kinds of uncleanness represented inward kinds, which are a person's evils; and they are evils present in his will, having been made his own by the life he actually leads.

[4] This matter is described further elsewhere in Moses,

Any man of the seed of Aaron who is a leper or suffers a discharge shall not eat of the holy things until he has been made clean. Whoever has touched anything made unclean by a corpse 1 , [or any] man who has had an emission of semen 2 , or [any] man who has touched any creeping thing by which he is defiled, or [has touched] a person by whom any one is defiled, as to all his uncleanness - the soul who has touched that thing shall be unclean until evening and not eat of the holy things. But when he has washed his flesh with water, and the sun has gone down, he shall be clean; and afterwards he shall eat of the holy things, because it is his bread. No outsider shall eat what is holy; a stranger staying with a priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat what is holy. If the priest buys a soul - a buying with his silver - [that soul] may eat of it, and one who is born in his house; these shall eat of his bread. When a priest's daughter has married a man, an outsider, she shall not eat of the heave offering of holy things. But if the priest's daughter has been made a widow or divorced and has no seed, and has indeed returned to her father's house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father's bread. Leviticus 22:1-16.

All these rules, it is plainly evident, serve to mean more internal considerations, that is, they imply the transmission of holy things to those in a receptive state of mind, who then make those things their own. The rule that no outsider could eat the holy things meant, not those who do not acknowledge the Lord within the Church, thus not those with whom none of the Church's truth and good exists. The rule that no stranger or hired servant could eat them meant, neither those with whom natural good exists devoid of the good of faith, nor those who do good for the sake of reward. The rule that those bought with silver and those born in the house could eat them meant, those who have been converted, and those with whom the Church's truth and good exists as the result of faith and love. The rule that a priest's daughter married to a man who was an outsider could not eat them meant that the good which had not been wedded to the Church's truths [but to something other] could not make the holy things of the Church its own. The rule however that a widow or a divorcee who had no seed could eat them meant that good can be made one's own after the removal of things which do not belong to the Church, provided that no notions have been hatched or born out of that union that have become an integral part of one's faith. The fact that such considerations are meant is evident from the internal sense of these specific rules.

[5] But hereditary evils do not prevent anyone from making good his own. This consideration too is described in Moses,

No man of the seed of Aaron in whom there is a blemish shall approach to offer the bread of God - no man who is blind, lame, mutilated, or [has a limb] too long; none who has a broken foot or hand, is a hunchback, is bruised, has a defect in his eye, has scabs, has warts, or has a crushed testicle. He shall not approach to offer the bread of his God; but he shall eat the bread of God from among the most holy and the holy things. Leviticus 21:17-23.

These defects, as has been stated, serve to mean hereditary evils, some specific evil being meant by each particular defect. The reason why these men should not offer bread or approach the altar as priests was that if they did so the people would catch sight of those imperfections or ills, and in what was caught sight of some representation would take shape, none of which would happen if those defects remained hidden. For although a priest, Levite, or the people were unclean inwardly, they were nevertheless called clean and also thought to be sanctified, provided that outwardly they were washed and looked clean.

脚注:

1. literally, anything unclean on account of the soul

2. literally, a man from whom the lying together of semen (i.e. semen from sexual intercourse) has gone out

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.