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利未記第7章

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1 贖愆祭的條例乃是如此:這祭是至的。

2 人在那裡宰燔祭牲,也要在那裡宰贖愆祭牲;其血,祭司要灑在的周圍。

3 又要將肥尾巴和蓋臟的脂油,

4 兩個腰子和腰子上的脂油,就是靠腰兩旁的脂油,並上的網子和腰子,一概取下。

5 祭司要在上焚燒,為獻給耶和華的火祭,是贖愆祭。

6 祭司中的男丁都可以這祭物;要在,是至的。

7 祭怎樣,贖愆祭也是怎樣,兩個祭是個條例。獻贖愆祭贖祭司要得這祭物。

8 獻燔祭的祭司,無論為誰奉獻,要親自得他所獻那燔祭牲的

9 凡在爐中烤的素祭和煎盤中做的,並鐵鏊上做的,都要歸那獻祭的祭司

10 凡素祭,無論是調和的是乾的,都要歸亞倫的子孫,大家均分。

11 人獻與耶和華平安祭的條例乃是這樣:

12 他若為感謝獻上,就要用調無酵餅和抹無酵薄餅,並用調勻細麵做的餅,與感謝祭一同獻上。

13 要用有的餅和為感謝獻的平安祭,與供物一同獻上。

14 從各樣的供物中,他要把個餅獻給耶和華為舉祭,是要歸給灑平安祭牲血的祭司

15 為感謝獻平安祭牲的,要在獻的日子,一點不可留到早晨

16 若所獻的是為還願,或是甘心獻的,必在獻祭的日子,所下的第二也可以

17 但所下的祭,到第三要用焚燒;

18 第三吃了平安祭的,這祭必不蒙悅納,人所獻的也不算為祭,反為可憎嫌的,這祭的,就必擔當他的罪孽。

19 挨了污穢物的就不可,要用焚燒。至於平安祭的,凡潔淨的人都要

20 只是獻與耶和華平安祭的,人若不潔淨而吃了,這人必從民中剪除。

21 有人摸了甚麼不潔淨的物,或是人的不潔淨,或是不潔淨的牲畜,或是不潔可憎之物,吃了獻與耶和華平安祭的,這人必從民中剪除。

22 耶和華摩西

23 你曉諭以色列人:牛的脂油、綿羊的脂油、山羊的脂油,你們都不可

24 自死的和被野獸撕裂的,那脂油可以做別的使用,只是你們萬不可

25 無論何人吃了獻給耶和華當火祭牲畜的脂油,那人必從民中剪除。

26 在你們一切的處,無論是雀的血是野獸的血,你們都不可

27 無論是誰血,那人必從民中剪除。

28 耶和華摩西

29 你曉諭以色列人:獻平安祭給耶和華的,要從平安祭中取些來奉給耶和華

30 他親獻給耶和華的火祭,就是脂油和胸,要帶來,好把胸在耶和華面前作搖祭,搖一搖。

31 祭司要把脂油在上焚燒,但胸要歸亞倫和他的子孫。

32 你們要從平安祭中把右腿作舉祭,奉祭司。

33 亞倫子孫中,獻平安祭牲血和脂油的,要得這右腿為分;

34 因為我從以色列人的平安祭中,取了這搖的胸和舉的腿祭司亞倫和他子孫,作他們從以色列人中所永得的分。

35 這是從耶和華火祭中,作亞倫受膏的分和他子孫受膏的分,正在摩西(原文是他)叫他們前來給耶和華供祭司職分的日子,

36 就是在摩西(原文是他)他們的日子,耶和華吩咐以色列人他們的。這是他們世世代永得的分。

37 這就是燔祭、素祭、贖祭、贖愆祭,和平安祭的條例,並承接聖職的禮,

38 都是耶和華在西乃所吩咐摩西的,就是他在西乃曠野吩咐以色列人獻供物給耶和華之日所說的。

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#10093

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10093. 'That which has been waved, and that which has been heaved up' means what has been acknowledged and what has been perceived. This is clear from the meaning of the words 'that which has been waved', when they refer to the breast, as that which has been endowed with life through acknowledgement, dealt with above in 10091; and from the meaning of 'that which has been heaved up' as the Divine Celestial, which is the Lord's alone, perceived in heaven and in the Church, dealt with below. The implications of all this must be stated briefly. There are two kingdoms which comprise the heavens, the celestial and the spiritual. Divine Truth is acknowledged in the spiritual kingdom but perceived in the celestial kingdom. The reason why this should be so is that Divine Truth in the spiritual kingdom is received in the understanding part of the mind but in the celestial kingdom in the will part. What is received in the understanding part is termed 'acknowledged', and what is received in the will part is spoken of as 'perceived'. Furthermore those in the spiritual kingdom can do no more than acknowledge Divine Truth, whereas those in the celestial kingdom are able to perceive it. See what has been shown abundantly regarding those two kingdoms in the places referred to in 9277, 9596, 9684.

[2] As regards 'the heave offering', that which was Jehovah's or the Lord's and was given to Aaron on account of his representation is called 'the heave offering'. And since Aaron represented the Lord in respect of Divine Good, 9806, that part of sacrifices which was heaved up and given to Aaron represented that which is Divine and the Lord's, and is also called 'the anointing', in Moses,

The breast of the wave offering and the flank of the heave offering I have received from among the children of Israel from their eucharistic sacrifices, and I have given them to Aaron the priest and to his sons by a statute forever 1 from among the children of Israel. This is the anointing of Aaron and the anointing of his sons from the fire offerings to Jehovah, on the day he presented them 2 , to serve Jehovah in the priestly office. Leviticus 7:34-35.

The expression 'the anointing' is used because 'anointing' means consecrating to serve as a representative sign of the Lord in respect of Divine Good, see 9954, 10019. And in another place in the same author,

Jehovah spoke to Aaron, Behold, I have given you charge of My heave offerings; as regards all the holy things of the children of Israel, I have given them to you for the anointing, and to your sons. Yours shall the heave offering of [their] gift be, as regards every wave offering of the children of Israel, all the best 3 of pure oil, and all the best 3 of the new wine and the grain, of the firstfruits; and as regards all the firstfruits which they will give to Jehovah, they shall be yours. As regards every devoted thing, everything opening the womb of all flesh which they will bring to Jehovah, [it shall be yours.] From the firstborn of cow, sheep, and she-goat, the flesh shall be yours, just as the breast of the wave offering and just as the right flank are. Every heave offering of the holy things [I have given you]. You shall have no portion or inheritance in the land, because Jehovah is your portion and inheritance. Also, every heave offering from the tithes and the gifts which have been made to the Levites. Numbers 18:8-29.

From all this it is evident what the term 'heave offering' denotes, namely all the things that were Jehovah's, that is, the Lord's.

[3] And since the Levites represented the Divine Truths in heaven and in the Church which serve Divine Good, they were also given to Aaron instead of all the firstborn, which were Jehovah's, that is, the Lord's. They are spoken of in Moses as follows,

I have taken the Levites from the midst of the children of Israel, instead of every firstborn, that which opens the womb, from the children of Israel, that the Levites may be Mine; for every firstborn is Mine. And since the Levites have been given to Me, I have given them as gifts to Aaron and his sons. Numbers 3:12-13; 8:16-19.

Heave offerings are spoken of as gifts presented to Jehovah, that is, to the Lord, from among the children of Israel; but it should be understood that they are Jehovah's not by virtue of their being a gift but because He is the real owner; for nothing holy or Divine with a person belongs to the person, only to the Lord present with him. All that is good and true, as is well known in the Church, thus all that is holy and Divine, comes from the Lord God, and none at all from the person; and from this it is evident that when the gift is said to come from the person, this is due to appearances. This also is why the next verse states,

For it is a heave offering, and it shall be a heave offering from among the children of Israel, it is a heave offering to Jehovah.

This means that the heave offering from the children of Israel belongs to Jehovah, thus that the gift from them is a gift from the Lord. From this it is evident what a heave offering is.

脚注:

1. literally, a statute of eternity

2. literally, he (i.e. Moses) caused them to draw near

3. literally, fat

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.