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Una iglesia no es un edificio

작가: New Christian Bible Study Staff, John Odhner (기계 번역 Español)

Ásólfsskálakirkja in Iceland.

El concepto de "iglesia" en los Escritos es complejo y bellamente orgánico, vinculado con las enseñanzas sobre la naturaleza del Señor y la naturaleza resultante de la humanidad.

Los Escritos dicen que el Señor, en Su esencia - Su verdadera sustancia - es perfecto, amor infinito, un amor que alimenta la creación, que es la fuente última de la realidad, y que sostiene la realidad constantemente. Ese amor se expresa en la forma como una sabiduría perfecta e infinita, que dio forma a la creación y da forma a la realidad.

¡Cosas profundas! Puedes leer más sobre esto en otro lugar, pero lo que importa aquí es que toda la creación, desde los elementos más pequeños hasta todo el universo, refleja esa misma estructura. Está presente en la naturaleza misma, impulsada por el calor (amor) y la luz (sabiduría) del sol. Está presente en las formas esenciales de vida, con las plantas (que están enraizadas, que cambian poco, que no tienen sentimientos, que se alimentan de luz) representando elementos de sabiduría y los animales (cálidos, con sentimientos, móviles, siempre cambiantes, alimentados por el calor) representando formas de amor. Está presente en la división casi universal en aspectos masculinos (sabiduría) y femeninos (amor) tanto de las plantas como de los animales.

Esa estructura también está en cada uno de nosotros. En un lenguaje común podríamos llamarlos nuestros corazones y nuestras mentes - lo que queremos y lo que pensamos. Los Escritos comúnmente hablan de ellos como bueno (amor; lo que queremos en nuestros corazones) y verdad (sabiduría; lo que conocemos en nuestras mentes) o como voluntad (corazón) y entendimiento (mente). Estos elementos no sólo nos definen, sino que también son claves para nuestros destinos espirituales. Podemos usarlos para aceptar el amor del Señor, entrar en el bien de la vida y finalmente ir al cielo. También podemos usarlos para rechazar el amor del Señor y marcharnos al infierno.

Y hay más capas. Los Escritos dicen que todas las sociedades humanas tienen forma humana, con funciones análogas al cuerpo humano. Esto es cierto desde pequeños grupos como las familias hasta grandes empresas, pasando por naciones enteras y, finalmente, tanto para toda la raza humana en este mundo como para la totalidad del cielo en el siguiente.

Entre las sociedades humanas más importantes se encuentran, naturalmente, las iglesias. Sin embargo, dado que el concepto de "iglesia" se basa en la forma humana, las iglesias a las que se refieren los Escritos pueden adoptar muchas formas. En un extremo de la escala, cualquier persona que tenga verdaderas ideas de lo que está bien y lo que está mal y que viva de acuerdo con ellas es una iglesia. En el otro extremo de la escala, todos los que en el mundo entero creen en el amor al prójimo - y actúan desde esa creencia - forman colectivamente una iglesia.

Muchas otras variedades se encuentran entre esos dos extremos, pero la mayoría de las referencias a la "iglesia" en los escritos significan la comunidad de aquellos que tienen la Palabra, conocen al Señor y siguen sus mandamientos. Estas personas tienen acceso a la mejor verdad posible y al entendimiento más profundo posible sobre la naturaleza del Señor y lo que Él quiere de nosotros.

Tal iglesia juega un papel vital: El Señor trabaja a través de ella para que las ideas sobre ser bueno entren en la mente de las personas y el deseo de ser bueno en lo más recóndito de sus corazones, alcanzando mucho más allá de la iglesia misma para tocar a todos en el mundo. De hecho, los Escritos dicen que hay en esencia un matrimonio entre el Señor y la iglesia, con la iglesia en el papel de la novia y la esposa, produciendo ideas verdaderas y buenos deseos de la manera en que una esposa produce hijos.

Para proteger esta función, el Señor se ha asegurado de que a lo largo de la historia (y de un buen trozo de la prehistoria) siempre haya habido una iglesia que cumpla esta función.

La primera de ellas fue la Iglesia más antigua, representada por Adán; fue inspirada por el amor al Señor. La segunda fue la Iglesia Antigua, representada por Noé; fue inspirada por el amor al prójimo y el conocimiento del Señor. La tercera era la Iglesia Israelita, que no tenía un amor interior por el bien, sino que conservaba las ideas del Señor. La cuarta fue la iglesia cristiana primitiva, que tenía un nuevo y más directo entendimiento basado en las enseñanzas del Señor. El quinto, según los Escritos, debe basarse en el entendimiento más profundo ofrecido a través de los Escritos y sus explicaciones de la Biblia.

Hay mucho más que podría decirse, pero vamos a hacer hincapié en otro punto:

Nosotros, como individuos, somos quienes somos basándonos en lo que amamos, no en lo que conocemos. Iremos al cielo o al infierno basándonos en lo que amamos, no en lo que conocemos. Conocer, pensar y buscar la verdad son cosas importantes, pero su propósito es formar, guiar y servir a nuestros amores; el amor es, en última instancia, lo que importa. Los Escritos dejan clara, abundante y repetidamente, que es lo mismo con las iglesias: En última instancia, se basan en el amor, no en el conocimiento, en su determinación de servir al prójimo, no en sus formas externas de culto. Y si las iglesias comparten ese propósito común de servir al prójimo, entonces son en esencia una sola, siendo las variaciones doctrinales de poca importancia.

(참조: Apocalipsis Revelado 533; Arcana Coelestia 407, 768, 1799 [3-4], 2048, 2853 [2-3], 2910, 2982, 3310, 3773, 3963 [2], 4292, 4672, 4723, 5826 [2-3], 6637, 6648, 8152, 9256 [4-5], 9276 [2]; Sobre el Amor Conyugal y Sobre el Amor Inmoral 116; Sobre el Cielo y el Infierno 57; The Word 8; Doctrina de la Nueva Jerusalén sobre las Sagradas Escrituras 99, 104)

스웨덴보그의 저서에서

 

Arcana Coelestia #3963

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3963. 'Afterwards she bore a daughter' means the affection for all these, and also means the Church of faith in which good is present. This is clear from the meaning of 'a daughter' as an affection, and also as a Church, dealt with in 2363. But as to what the object of the affection is, or what kind of Church is meant, this is evident from whatever is added on to the word 'daughter'. For example, it is evident from the addition of 'Zion' after 'daughter' that the celestial Church, which is called 'the daughter of Zion', is meant; from the addition of 'Jerusalem' that the spiritual Church, which is referred to as 'the daughter of Jerusalem', is meant, and so on. In the present verse, in which nothing is added on to it, 'daughter' means the Church of faith in which good is present. For up to this point the subject has been the general truths which constitute faith in which good is present, and the reception and acknowledgement of those truths, that is to say, the truths that were meant, as has been shown, by the ten sons of Jacob dealt with above. And since immediately after these sons reference is made to the birth of a daughter it is evident from the train of thought that a Church is meant in which all these truths are present.

[2] Whether you call it the Church of faith in which good is present, or you call it the spiritual Church, it amounts to the same; or again if you call it the affection for all these, that is, all these general truths. For it is from the affection for truth in which good is present, and the affection for good from which truth springs, that the Church has its being, not from the affection for truth in which good is not present or the affection for good from which truth does not spring. People who are governed by an affection for truth but not by the good from which truth springs, that is, who do not live according to truths, are much mistaken when they say that they belong to the Church. Though within a congregation, they are outside the Church, for they are governed by the affection for evil to which truth cannot be joined. Their affection for truth does not originate in the Lord but in themselves, for they have themselves in view, their intention being by means of the truth they know to earn repute, and thereby important positions and wealth. But they do not have the Church in view, or the Lord's kingdom, let alone the Lord. But people governed by the affection for good from which truth does not spring do not belong to the Church even though they are within a congregation, for they are governed by natural good, not by spiritual, and allow themselves to be led into every kind of evil and also of falsity, provided that evil is made to look like good and falsity to look like truth, see 3470, 3471, 3518.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

스웨덴보그의 저서에서

 

Arcana Coelestia #2910

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2910. 'And Abraham came to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her' means a state in which the Lord grieved, that is to say, because it was night as regards the truths of faith within the Church. This is clear from the representation of 'Abraham' as the Lord, dealt with in 1893, 1965, 1989, 2011, 2172, 2501, 2833, 2836. That 'mourning' and 'weeping' mean a state involving grief is clear without explanation. 'Mourning' has regard to grief on account of its being night as regards goods within the Church, and 'weeping' as regards truths. These two verses have dealt with the end of the Church, which arrives when charity does not exist any longer. The end of the Church is the subject many times in the Word, especially in the Prophets and in John, in the Book of Revelation. The Lord too in the Gospels describes that end extensively, calling it the close of the age, and also night.

[2] The situation with all Churches is that initially every Church regards charity as being fundamental. At that time every individual person loves every other as his brother and is moved by good - not on his own account but on account of that person, of the general good of all, of the Lord's kingdom, and above all of the Lord Himself. But with the passage of time charity starts to grow cold and to cease to exist. After that, hatred of one person against another enters in, which - though not apparent outwardly because people in organized society are subject to laws and to external restraints which keep them in check - is nevertheless being fostered inwardly. The external restraints keeping them in check stem from self-love and love of the world, being the love of position and importance, the love of wealth and also of the power that wealth brings, and so the love of reputation. Beneath these loves there lurks hatred of the neighbour, such as leads people to desire dominion over all and to possess everything that belongs to anyone else. And when these desires are opposed, such persons harbour in their mind contempt for that neighbour, breathe revenge, and take delight in his ruin, and indeed perform acts of cruelty on him insofar as they dare. It is into ways such as these that the charity of the Church ultimately goes when it reaches its end. At that time it is said of the Church that faith does not exist any longer, for when there is no charity there is no faith, as has been shown many times.

[3] There have been many Churches, which are known of from the Word, that have come to an end in this fashion. The Most Ancient Church breathed its last in such circumstances around the time of the Flood. So in a similar way did the Ancient Church which existed after the Flood, as also did the second Ancient Church called the Hebrew Church; and later on the Jewish Church. This never was a Church that had charity at the outset, but was merely the representative of a Church whose role was to preserve by means of representatives a communication with heaven until the Lord came into the world. After that a new Church was established by the Lord, which was called the gentile Church and was an internal Church since interior truths from the Lord had then been revealed. But even this Church has now reached its end, for now not only is charity non-existent but also hatred is present instead of charity. Although that hatred is not apparent outwardly it is nevertheless there inwardly and breaks out when at all possible, that is, as often as external restraints do not keep people in check.

[4] In addition to these Churches there have been many others which have not been described so specifically [in the Word] but which deteriorated in a similar way and destroyed themselves. There are many reasons why they have so deteriorated and destroyed themselves. One reason is that parents pile up evils, and from practicing these frequently until at length they become habitual, introduce them into their own nature and disposition, and in so doing hand them down by heredity to their offspring. For what parents acquire through frequent practice in their actual living takes root within their natural disposition and is transmitted by heredity to their descendants. And unless these are reformed or regenerated, that which is transmitted is perpetuated in succeeding generations, increasing all the time as it is passed down. Consequently the will becomes even more bent on evils and falsities. But when the Church reaches its close and perishes the Lord always raises up a new Church somewhere else. Yet rarely, if ever, has He done so from members of the previous Church, but from gentiles who dwelt in ignorance. Those gentiles are the subject in what follows next.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.