Arcana Coelestia #9210
9210. 'You shall not be like a money-lender' means that it must be done in a spirit of charity. This is clear from the meaning of 'a money-lender' as someone who does good for the sake of gain; for a money-lender entrusts money to another for the sake of interest and gives help to another for the sake of reward. And since real charity does not have gain or reward as the end in view, but the neighbour's good, 'you shall not be like a money-lender' means that the thing must be done in a spirit of charity. Anyone who does not know what Christian charity is may think that it consists not only in giving to the needy and poor but also in doing good to his fellow citizen, country, or Church for any reason whatever, that is, with no matter what end in view. But he should recognize that the end is what gives all of a person's deeds their true character. If the end or intention is to do good for the sake of reputation, in order to acquire important positions or else monetary gain, the good that he does is not good because it is done for the sake of self and thus also originates in self. But if the end is to do good for his fellow citizen's, country's, or Church's sake, thus for his neighbour's sake, the good he does is good since it is done for the sake of good itself, which in general is the real neighbour, 5025, 6706, 6711, 6712, 8123, and so is also done for the Lord's sake since such good does not have its origin in the person but in the Lord, and what originates in the Lord is the Lord's. This is the good that is meant by the Lord in Matthew,
Insofar as you did it to one of the least of these My brothers you did it to Me. Matthew 25:40.
[2] As it is with good, so it is also with truth. Those who do the truth for its own sake do it also for the Lord's sake since it comes from Him. Doing truth for its own sake is doing good; for truth becomes good when it passes from the understanding into the will, and from the will goes out into actions. Doing good in this manner is Christian charity. People who do good in the spirit of Christian charity may sometimes look for reputation earned as a result of doing it, so as to obtain an important position or else monetary gain. But their attitude is altogether different from that of anyone for whom these things are his end in view. For they regard what is good and right as the essential, one and only thing that matters, and accordingly rank it in highest position. As for monetary gain in comparison with this, or an important position, or reputation for the sake of them, they regard as non-essential, and accordingly rank it in lowest position. When the eyes of people such as these are fixed on what is right and good they are like soldiers fighting in battle for their country. During it they give no thought at all to their life, nor thus to their status or their assets in the world, which compared with what they are doing are of no importance to them. But those who rank self and the world at the top are the kind of people who do not even see what is right and good, because their eyes are fixed on themselves and on gain.
[3] All this shows what doing good for a selfish or a worldly reason is, what doing good for the Lord's or for the neighbour's sake is, and what is the difference between them. The difference is as great as that between two opposites, thus as great as that between heaven and hell. Furthermore those who do good for their neighbour's or for the Lord's sake are in heaven; but those who do it for a selfish or a worldly reason are in hell. For those who do good for their neighbour and the Lord's sake love the Lord above all things and their neighbour as themselves - commandments which are 'the first of all the commandments', Mark 12:28-31. But those who do everything for selfish and worldly reasons love themselves above all things, thus more than God; and they not only despise their neighbour but also hate him if he does not make common cause with them and align himself with them. This is the meaning of the Lord's teaching in Matthew,
No one can serve two lords, for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will cling to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon. Matthew 6:24.
There are people who do serve both; but they are called 'lukewarm, neither cold nor hot, who are spewed out', Revelation 3:15-16. All this now shows what money-lenders who took interest represented, namely those who do good for the sake of gain.
[4] It makes plain the origin of this prohibition, that they were not to be like a money-lender, charging a brother interest, as again declared elsewhere in Moses,
You shall not charge your brother interest on silver, interest on food, interest on anything on which it is charged. A foreigner you shall charge interest, but your brother you shall not charge interest; so that Jehovah your God may bless you in everything to which you set your hand 1 in the land which you are entering to possess it. Deuteronomy 23:19-20; Leviticus 25:36-38.
'Charging a brother interest on silver' means lending truths, that is, giving instruction in them, for the sake of gain, 'charging interest on food' hiring out forms of the good of truth for the sake of gain; for 'silver' means truth, 1551, 2954, 5658, 6914, 6917, and 'food' the good of truth, 5147, 5293, 5340, 5342, 5576, 5410, 5426, 5487, 5582, 5588, 5655, 5915, 8562. The reason why those who do not charge it are blessed by Jehovah in everything to which they set their hand in the land is that their affection is for goodness and truth, so that the happiness which angels in heaven possess is theirs; for that affection, or the good of that love, holds heaven within it for a person, 6478, 9174. The reason why foreigners could be charged interest was that those who do not acknowledge anything of goodness or truth and are unreceptive of them are meant by 'foreigners', 7996, that is, they are those who do good solely for the sake of gain. These must serve a person, for in comparison they are servants or slaves, 1097. In David,
He walks blameless and does righteousness, and speaks the truth in his heart. He does not lend his silver at interest, and does not take a bribe 2 against the innocent. He who does this will never be moved. Psalms 15:2, 5.
'Lending his silver at interest' means teaching for the sake solely of gain, thus doing good for the sake of reward. Something similar occurs in Ezekiel,
A righteous man who executes judgement and righteousness does not lend at interest and does not take increase. Ezekiel 18:5, 8.
In the same prophet,
He who withdraws his hand from the needy, does not take interest or increase, executes My judgements, [and] walks in My statutes will surely live. Ezekiel 18:17.
In the same prophet,
In you they have taken bribes 2 to shed blood; you have taken interest and increase, and seized gain of your companions by violence. Ezekiel 22:12.
These things are said about 'the city of blood', by which falsity destroying truth and good is meant, 9127. 'Taking interest and increase' means doing good for the sake of gain and reward, thus not in a spirit of charity. In true charity there is no thought of earning a reward, see 2371, 2373, 2400, 4007, 4174, 4943, 6388-6390, 6392, 6478.
각주:
Jesaja 1
1
Das Gesicht Jesajas, des Sohnes Amoz', welches er über Juda und Jerusalem geschaut hat in den Tagen Ussijas, Jothams, Ahas', Jehiskias, der Könige von Juda.
2
Höret, ihr Himmel, und horche auf, du Erde! Denn Jehova hat geredet: Ich habe Kinder großgezogen und auferzogen, und sie sind von mir abgefallen.
3
Ein Ochse kennt seinen Besitzer, und ein Esel die Krippe seines Herrn; Israel hat keine Erkenntnis, mein Volk hat kein Verständnis.
4
Wehe der sündigen Nation, dem Volke, belastet mit Ungerechtigkeit, dem Samen der Übeltäter, den verderbt handelnden Kindern! Sie haben Jehova verlassen, haben den Heiligen Israels verschmäht, sind rückwärts gewichen. -
5
Warum solltet ihr weiter geschlagen werden, da ihr nur den Abfall mehren würdet? Das ganze Haupt ist krank, und das ganze Herz ist siech.
6
Von der Fußsohle bis zum Haupte ist nichts Gesundes an ihm: Wunden und Striemen und frische Schläge; sie sind nicht ausgedrückt und nicht verbunden, und nicht erweicht worden mit Öl.
7
Euer Land ist eine Wüste, eure Städte sind mit Feuer verbrannt; eure Flur Fremde verzehren sie vor euren Augen; und eine Wüste ist es, gleich einer Umkehrung durch Fremde.
8
Und die Tochter Zion ist übriggeblieben wie eine Hütte im Weinberge, wie eine Nachthütte im Gurkenfelde, wie eine belagerte Stadt.
9
Wenn Jehova der Heerscharen uns nicht einen gar kleinen Überrest gelassen hätte, wie Sodom wären wir, Gomorra gleich geworden.
10
Höret das Wort Jehovas, Vorsteher von Sodom; horchet auf das Gesetz unseres Gottes, Volk von Gomorra!
11
Wozu soll mir die Menge eurer Schlachtopfer? spricht Jehova; ich bin satt der Brandopfer von Widdern und des Fettes der Mastkälber, und am Blute von Farren und Lämmern und jungen Böcken habe ich kein Gefallen.
12
Wenn ihr kommet, um vor meinem Angesicht zu erscheinen, wer hat dieses von eurer Hand gefordert, meine Vorhöfe zu zertreten?
13
Bringet keine eitle Opfergabe mehr! Räucherwerk ist mir ein Greuel. Neumond und Sabbath, das Berufen von Versammlungen: Frevel und Festversammlung mag ich nicht.
14
Eure Neumonde und eure Festzeiten haßt meine Seele; sie sind mir zur Last geworden, ich bin des Tragens müde.
15
Und wenn ihr eure Hände ausbreitet, verhülle ich meine Augen vor euch; selbst wenn ihr des Betens viel machet, höre ich nicht: eure Hände sind voll Blutes.
16
Waschet euch, reiniget euch; schaffet die Schlechtigkeit eurer Handlungen mir aus den Augen, lasset ab vom Übeltun!
17
Lernet Gutes tun, trachtet nach Recht, leitet den Bedrückten; schaffet Recht der Waise, führet der Witwe Sache!
18
Kommt denn und laßt uns miteinander rechten, spricht Jehova. Wenn eure Sünden wie Scharlach sind, wie Schnee sollen sie weiß werden; wenn sie rot sind wie Karmesin, wie Wolle sollen sie werden.
19
Wenn ihr willig seid und höret, so sollt ihr das Gute des Landes essen.
20
Wenn ihr euch aber weigert und widerspenstig seid, so sollt ihr vom Schwerte verzehrt werden. Denn der Mund Jehovas hat geredet.
21
Wie ist zur Hure geworden die treue Stadt! Sie war voll Recht, Gerechtigkeit weilte darin, und jetzt Mörder!
22
Dein Silber ist zu Schlacken geworden, dein edler Wein mit Wasser verdünnt.
23
Deine Fürsten sind Widerspenstige und Diebsgesellen, ein jeder von ihnen liebt Geschenke und jagt nach Belohnungen; der Waise schaffen sie nicht Recht, und der Witwe Sache kommt nicht vor sie.
24
Darum spricht der Herr, Jehova der Heerscharen, der Mächtige Israels: Ha! Ich werde mich letzen an meinen Widersachern und Rache nehmen an meinen Feinden.
25
Und ich werde meine Hand gegen dich wenden, und werde deine Schlacken ausschmelzen wie mit Laugensalz und hinwegschaffen all dein Blei.
26
Und ich werde deine Richter wiederherstellen wie zuerst, und deine Räte wie im Anfang. Danach wird man dich nennen: Stadt der Gerechtigkeit, treue Stadt.
27
Zion wird erlöst werden durch Gericht, und seine Rückkehrenden durch Gerechtigkeit.
28
Aber Zerschmetterung der Übertreter und der Sünder allzumal; und die Jehova verlassen, werden untergehen.
29
Denn sie werden beschämt werden wegen der Terebinthen, die ihr begehrt, und ihr werdet mit Scham bedeckt werden wegen der Gärten, an denen ihr Gefallen hattet.
30
Denn ihr werdet sein wie eine Therebinthe, deren Laub verwelkt ist, und wie ein Garten, der kein Wasser hat.
31
Und der Starke wird zum Werge werden und sein Tun zum Funken; und sie werden beide miteinander verbrennen, und niemand wird löschen.
