Étude Biblique pour le Nouveau Christianisme

Le texte de la Bible

 

Joshua 8

Étudier

   

1 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM μη-D φοβεω-VC--APS2S μηδε-C δειλιαω-VA--AAS2S λαμβανω-VB--AAD2S μετα-P συ- P--GS ο- A--APM ανηρ-N3--APM πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM πολεμιστης-N1M-APM και-C αναιστημι-VH--AAPNSM αναβαινω-VZ--AAD2S εις-P *γαι-N---ASF ιδου-I διδωμι-VX--XAI1S εις-P ο- A--APF χειρ-N3--APF συ- P--GS ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM *γαι-N---GSF και-C ο- A--ASF γη-N1--ASF αυτος- D--GSM

2 και-C ποιεω-VF--FAI2S ο- A--ASF *γαι-N---ASF ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM ποιεω-VAI-AAI2S ο- A--ASF *ιεριχω-N---ASF και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM αυτος- D--GSF και-C ο- A--ASF προνομη-N1--ASF ο- A--GPN κτηνος-N3E-GPN προνομευω-VF--FAI2S σεαυτου- D--DSM καταιστημι-VA--AAD2S δε-X σεαυτου- D--DSM ενεδρον-N2N-APN ο- A--DSF πολις-N3I-DSF εις-P ο- A--APN οπισω-D

3 και-C αναιστημι-VHI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM πολεμιστης-N1M-NSM ωστε-C αναβαινω-VZ--AAN εις-P *γαι-N---ASF επιλεγω-VAI-AAI3S δε-X *ιησους-N---NSM τριακοντα-M χιλιας-N3D-APF ανηρ-N3--GPM δυνατος-A1--APM εν-P ισχυς-N3U-DSF και-C αποστελλω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--APM νυξ-N3--GSF

4 και-C εντελλομαι-VAI-AMI3S αυτος- D--DPM λεγω-V1--PAPNSM συ- P--NP ενεδρευω-VA--AAD2P οπισω-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF μη-D μακραν-D γιγνομαι-V1--PMD2P απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF και-C ειμι-VF--FMI2P πας-A3--NPM ετοιμος-A1--NPM

5 και-C εγω- P--NS και-C πας-A3--NPM ο- A--NPM μετα-P εγω- P--GS προςαγω-VF--FAI1P προς-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C ειμι-VF--FMI3S ως-C αν-X εκερχομαι-VB--AAS3P ο- A--NPM καταοικεω-V2--PAPNPM *γαι-N---ASF εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF εγω- P--DP καθαπερ-D και-C πρωην-D και-C φευγω-VF--FMI1P απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN αυτος- D--GPM

6 και-C ως-C αν-X εκερχομαι-VB--AAS3P οπισω-P εγω- P--GP αποσπαω-VF--FAI1P αυτος- D--APM απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF και-C ειπον-VF2-FAI3P φευγω-V1--PAI3P ουτος- D--NPM απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN εγω- P--GP ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM και-C εμπροσθεν-D

7 συ- P--NP δε-X εκ αναιστημι-VF--FMI2P εκ-P ο- A--GSF ενεδρα-N1A-GSF και-C πορευομαι-VF--FMI2P εις-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF

8 κατα-P ο- A--ASN ρημα-N3M-ASN ουτος- D--ASN ποιεω-VF--FAI2P ιδου-I εντελλομαι-VM--XMI1S συ- P--DP

9 και-C αποστελλω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--APM *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πορευομαι-VCI-API3P εις-P ο- A--ASF ενεδρα-N1A-ASF και-C εν καταιζω-VAI-AAI3P ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN *βαιθηλ-N---GS και-C ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN *γαι-N---GSF απο-P θαλασσα-N1S-GSF ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF

10 και-C ορθριζω-VA--AAPNSM *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASN πρωι-D επισκεπτομαι-VAI-AMI3S ο- A--ASM λαος-N2--ASM και-C αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3P αυτος- D--NSM και-C ο- A--NPM πρεσβυτερος-A1A-NPMC κατα-P προσωπον-N2N-ASN ο- A--GSM λαος-N2--GSM επι-P *γαι-N---GSF

11 και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM πολεμιστης-N1M-NSM μετα-P αυτος- D--GSM αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3P και-C πορευομαι-V1--PMPNPM ερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P εκ-P εναντιος-A1A-GSF ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF απο-P ανατολη-N1--GPF

12 και-C ο- A--APN ενεδρον-N2N-APN ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF απο-P θαλασσα-N1S-GSF

14 και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S ως-C οραω-VBI-AAI3S βασιλευς-N3V-NSM *γαι-N---GSF σπευδω-VAI-AAI3S και-C εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3S εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF αυτος- D--DPM επι-P ευθυς-A3U-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM πολεμος-N2--ASM αυτος- D--NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM μετα-P αυτος- D--GSM και-C αυτος- D--NSM ου-D οιδα-VXI-YAI3S οτι-C ενεδρον-N2N-NPN αυτος- D--DSM ειμι-V9--PAI3S οπισω-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF

15 και-C οραω-VBI-AAI3S και-C αναχωρεω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C *ισραηλ-N---NSM απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN αυτος- D--GPM

16 και-C καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P οπισω-P ο- A--GPM υιος-N2--GPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM και-C αυτος- D--NPM αποιστημι-VHI-AAI3P απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF

17 ου-D καταλειπω-VVI-API3S ουδεις-A3--NSM εν-P ο- A--DSF *γαι-N---DSF ος- --NSM ου-D καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3S οπισω-P *ισραηλ-N---GSM και-C καταλειπω-VBI-AAI3P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF αναοιγω-VK--XMPASF και-C καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P οπισω-P *ισραηλ-N---GSM

18 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM εκτεινω-VA--AAD2S ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF συ- P--GS εν-P ο- A--DSM γαισος-N2--DSM ο- A--DSM εν-P ο- A--DSF χειρ-N3--DSF συ- P--GS επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εις-P γαρ-X ο- A--APF χειρ-N3--APF συ- P--GS παραδιδωμι-VX--XAI1S αυτος- D--ASF και-C ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN εκ αναιστημι-VF--FMI3P εν-P ταχος-N3E-DSN εκ-P ο- A--GSM τοπος-N2--GSM αυτος- D--GPM και-C εκτεινω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF αυτος- D--GSM ο- A--ASM γαισος-N2--ASM επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF

19 και-C ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN εκ αναιστημι-VHI-AAI3P εν-P ταχος-N3E-DSN εκ-P ο- A--GSM τοπος-N2--GSM αυτος- D--GPM και-C εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P οτε-D εκτεινω-VAI-AAI3S ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF και-C ερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C καταλαμβανω-VBI-AMI3P αυτος- D--ASF και-C σπευδω-VA--AAPNPM ενπιμπρημι-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εν-P πυρ-N3--DSN

20 και-C περιβλεπω-VA--AAPNPM ο- A--NPM κατοικος-N2--NPM *γαι-N---GSF εις-P ο- A--APN οπισω-D αυτος- D--GPM και-C θεωρεω-V2I-IAI3P καπνος-N2--ASM αναβαινω-V1--PAPASM εκ-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM ουρανος-N2--ASM και-C ουκετι-D εχω-V1I-IAI3P που-D φευγω-VB--AAS3P ωδε-D η-C ωδε-D

21 και-C *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM *ισραηλ-N---NSM οραω-VBI-AAI3P οτι-C λαμβανω-VBI-AAI3P ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C οτι-C αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3S ο- A--NSM καπνος-N2--NSM ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM ουρανος-N2--ASM και-C μεταβαλλω-VB--AMPNPM πατασσω-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--APM ανηρ-N3--APM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF

22 και-C ουτος- D--NPM εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P εκ-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF και-C γιγνομαι-VCI-API3P ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN ο- A--GSF παρεμβολη-N1--GSF ουτος- D--NPM εντευθεν-D και-C ουτος- D--NPM εντευθεν-D και-C πατασσω-VAI-AAI3P εως-P ο- A--GSN μη-D καταλειπω-VV--APN αυτος- D--GPM σωζω-VM--XMPASM και-C διαφευγω-VX--XAPASM

23 και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF συνλαμβανω-VBI-AAI3P ζαω-V3--PAPASM και-C προςαγω-VBI-AAI3P αυτος- D--ASM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM

24 και-C ως-C παυω-VAI-AMI3P ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM αποκτεινω-V1--PAPNPM πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM εν-P ο- A--DSF *γαι-N---DSF ο- A--APM εν-P ο- A--DPN πεδιον-N2N-DPN και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN ορος-N3E-DSN επι-P ο- A--GSF καταβασις-N3I-GSF ου-D καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--APM απο-P αυτος- D--GSF εις-P τελος-N3E-ASN και-C αποστρεφω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM εις-P *γαι-N---ASF και-C πατασσω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--ASF εν-P στομα-N3M-DSN ρομφαια-N1A-GSF

25 και-C γιγνομαι-VCI-API3P ο- A--NPM πιπτω-VA--AAPNPM εν-P ο- A--DSF ημερα-N1A-DSF εκεινος- D--DSF απο-P ανηρ-N3--GSM και-C εως-P γυνη-N3K-GSF δωδεκα-M χιλιας-N3D-NPF πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM καταοικεω-V2--PAPAPM *γαι-N---GSF

27 πλην-P ο- A--GPN κτηνος-N3E-GPN και-C ο- A--GPN σκυλον-N2N-GPN ο- A--GPM εν-P ο- A--DSF πολις-N3I-DSF πας-A3--APN ος- --APN προνομευω-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM κατα-P προσταγμα-N3M-ASN κυριος-N2--GSM ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM συντασσω-VAI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM ο- A--DSM *ιησους-N---DSM

28 και-C ενπυριζω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εν-P πυρ-N3--DSN χωμα-N3T-ASN αοικητος-A1B-ASN εις-P ο- A--ASM αιων-N3W-ASM τιθημι-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--ASF εως-P ο- A--GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ουτος- D--GSF

29 και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF κρεμαζω-VAI-AAI3S επι-P ξυλον-N2N-GSN διδυμος-A1--GSN και-C ειμι-V9--IAI3S επι-P ο- A--GSN ξυλον-N2N-GSN εως-P εσπερα-N1A-GSF και-C επιδυω-V1--PAPGSM ο- A--GSM ηλιος-N2--GSM συντασσω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C κατααιρεω-VBI-AAI3P αυτος- D--GSM ο- A--ASN σωμα-N3M-ASN απο-P ο- A--GSN ξυλον-N2N-GSN και-C ριπτω-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--ASM εις-P ο- A--ASM βοθρος-N2--ASM και-C επιιστημι-VHI-AAI3P αυτος- D--DSM σωρος-N2--ASM λιθος-N2--GPM εως-P ο- A--GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ουτος- D--GSF

   

Commentaire

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 8

Par New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 8: The fall of Ai and the renewal of the covenant.

The events of this chapter - and their spiritual meaning for us - follow on from the previous chapter. After their first setback at Ai, the Children of Israel take the city of Ai by using a clever ruse. Joshua chose thirty thousand men for the battle. The plan was for five thousand of them to hide near the city, while he led the main army to attack the city. Then, Joshua and his forces would pretend to run away, pursued by the men of Ai. Those who had hidden were then to come out, go into the city, and set it on fire. The men of Ai would see this and run back, get ambushed, and be caught between Joshua’s two armies.

It all happened as planned, and Israel took Ai. (See Arcana Caelestia 1557). As with Jericho, everything in Ai was commanded to be destroyed, except that in this case the livestock and the city’s spoils were to be kept. The whole city was burned and its king was hanged on a tree until sunset and then his body was thrown down at the city entrance with a great heap of stones put over it.

The basic spiritual meaning of any battle in the Bible such as this, is to show how a heavenly principle can and will overcome a hellish or evil attack, especially for us, during some temptation - when we seek to resist and fight back.

Evil is only strong in illusion and fear-mongering; when the light of what is true shines on evil it gets shown for what it is. (Heaven and Hell 49)

The city’s name “Ai” means “a heap”. The word gets used several times in the text of the chapter. A heap implies rubble and rubbish. Cities sometimes look noble and well-planned; in Ai’s case it was the very opposite - a heap, a ruin. (Heaven and Hell 586[2])

While Jericho generally represents our wrong thinking, which first stands in the way of our regeneration and spiritual will, Ai represents our evil emotions and our selfish passions. Both of them must fall before we can make further progress.

Joshua chooses a large number to go against a relatively few in Ai, who nevertheless all rush out to fight Israel. “There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. Thus they left the city open.” (Joshua 8:17)

Joshua’s tactic of drawing out the men of Ai means our challenge to evil - by confronting it with the truths and commandments we know and obey. Joshua’s pretence of fleeing away draws Ai out in glee, interpreting the flight as a real retreat. Then everything turns, and Joshua’s men go forward representing the power of the truth, the Word and our persuasion of their effectiveness in winning. (Arcana Caelestia 6344[4])

Ai’s men see their city on fire, for other Israelites entered Ai and set it ablaze. This represents the self-condemnation of evil, of hell, when it is exposed to what is true, heavenly and of God. But Joshua’s men, lying in ambush and waiting for the moment, represent our keen observation of how our selfish desires work to cause havoc in us. They are 5,000. Symbolically, in the Bible, five or its multiples always stand for a small amount - but enough to use.

Hanging the king of Ai stands for our need to put down the controlling power of any evil which stirs us. And all Ai is destroyed, because all evil must be turned against and refused.

Then, and only then, Joshua remakes the covenant with the Lord God; he builds an altar, he writes a copy on stones of the Law of Moses in the presence of all Israel, the priests stand in two groups in front of two mountains, then Joshua reads the words of blessing and cursing and all the Law of Moses.

After we resist any evil and its temptation, we must re-hear and re-affirm the truth that this was the Lord’s victory, not ours, and re-dedicate ourselves to the life the Lord gives us. (True Christian Religion 13[2])

Des oeuvres de Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #6344

Étudier ce passage

  
/ 10837  
  

6344. 'And the beginning of my strength' means that through that faith comes the initial power which truth possesses. This is clear from the meaning of 'the beginning of strength' as initial power; and since 'strength' is used with reference to truth, the initial power that truth possesses is what is meant. A similar usage occurs in Isaiah,

Jehovah imparts might to the weary, and to him who has no strength He gives greater power. Isaiah 40:29.

Here 'might' is used with reference to good and 'strength' to truth, 'power' with reference to both.

A brief statement will be made about how one should understand the explanation that through faith comes the power which good possesses, and the initial power which truth possesses, meant by 'Reuben my firstborn, you are my might and the beginning of my strength'. In the spiritual world all power comes from good through truth; without good truth has no power at all. For truth is so to speak the body, and good so to speak the soul of that body, and to accomplish anything the soul must act through the body. From this it is evident that truth without good has no power at all, even as the body without the soul has none at all. A body without its soul is a corpse; so too is truth without good.

[2] As soon as good effects the birth of faith that is composed of truth, power reveals itself in truth. This power is what is called the initial power that truth possesses through faith and is what is meant by 'the beginning of strength', as in other places in the Word where the condition of the firstborn is referred to, for example in David,

He smote all the firstborn in Egypt, the beginning of strength in the tents of Ham. Psalms 78:51.

And in another place,

He smote all the firstborn in their land, the beginning of all their strength. Psalms 105:36.

Also in Deuteronomy,

He must acknowledge the firstborn son of her that is hated, to give him two parts of all that will be found for him, in that he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first born is his. Deuteronomy 21:17.

[3] The genuine meaning of 'the firstborn' is the good of charity, though the apparent meaning is the truth of faith, 3325, 4925, 4926, 4928, 4930. And because both that good and this truth are the fundamental qualities of the Church, the ancients spoke of the firstborn as his 'father's might and the beginning of his strength'. The fact that those fundamental qualities were meant by 'the firstborn' is quite evident from the considerations that everything which was a firstborn was Jehovah's or the Lord's and that the tribe of Levi was taken instead of all the firstborn and became the priesthood.

[4] Scarcely anyone in the world can know what the power possessed by truth coming from good is; but it is known to those in the next life, and so can be known through revelation from there. People in possession of truth that comes from good, that is, of faith derived from charity, possess power that comes through truth from good. All angels possess that power, which also is why in the Word angels are called 'powers'. For they have the power to restrain evil spirits; even one angel can restrain a thousand together. Their power they use most especially among men; sometimes they protect a person from numerous hells, in thousands of ways.

[5] This power that angels possess comes to them through the truth of faith derived from the good of charity. But because the faith they have comes from the Lord, the Lord alone is the power that resides with them. This power which comes from the Lord through faith is meant by the Lord's words to Peter,

On this rock I will build My Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. Matthew 16:18-19.

These words were addressed to Peter because he represented faith, see Preface to Genesis 22, as well as 3750, 4738, 6000, 6073 (end). Also wherever 'rock', 1 as Peter is called here, occurs in the Word, faith is meant in its internal sense, and the Lord in respect of faith in its highest sense.

Notes de bas de page:

1. Reading petram (rock), which Swedenborg has in his rough draft, for Petrum (Peter).

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

©2024 New Christian Bible Study Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed from newchristianbiblestudy.org