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Exodus 22

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1 Når en Mand stjæler en Okse eller et Får og slagter eller sælger dem, skal han give fem Okser i Erstatning for Oksen og fire Får for Fåret.

2 Hvis en Tyv gribes på fersk Gerning ved et natligt Indbrud og bliver slået ihjel, da bliver der ikke Tale om Blodskyld;

3 men hvis Solen er stået op. pådrager man sig Blodskyld. Erstatning skal han give, og ejer han intet, skal han sælges som Træl til Vederlag for det stjålne;

4 hvis derimod det stjålne findes levende i hans Besiddelse, da skal han give dobbelt Erstatning, hvad enten det er en Okse, et Æsel, eller et Får.

5 Når en Mand afsvider en Mark eller en Vingård og lader Ilden brede sig, så den antænder en andens Mark, da skal han give det bedste af sin Mark eller Vingård i Erstatning;

6 men breder Ilden sig ved at tage fat i Tjørnekrat, og Kornneg eller Sæd brænder, eller en Mark svides af, så skal den, der antændte Ilden, give simpel Erstatning.

7 Når en Mand giver en anden Penge eller Sager i Varetægt, og de stjæles fra hans Hus, da skal Tyven, hvis han findes, give dobbelt Erstatning;

8 men hvis Tyven ikke findes, skal Husets Ejer træde frem for Gud og sværge på, at han ikke har forgrebet sig på den andens Gods.

9 I alle Tilfælde hvor det drejer sig om Uredelighed med en Okse, et Æsel, et Får, en Klædning eller en hvilken som helst bortkommen Ting, hvorom der rejses Krav, skal de to Parters Sag bringes frem for Gud, og den, som Gud dømmer skyldig, skal give den anden dobbelt Erstatning.

10 Når en Mand giver en anden et Æsel, en Okse, et Får eller et andet Stykke Kvæg i Varetægt, og Dyret dør, kommer til Skade eller røves, uden at nogen ser det,

11 da skal han sværge ved HE EN på, at han ikke har forgrebet sig på den andens Ejendom, og det skal være afgørende imellem dem; Dyrets Ejer skal tage Eden god, og den anden behøver ikke at give Erstatning.

12 Stjæles det derimod fra ham, skal han give Ejeren Erstatning.

13 Hvis det sønderrives, skal han bringe det sønderrevne Dyr med som Bevis; det sønderrevne skal han ikke erstatte.

14 Når en låner et Dyr af en anden, og det kommer til Skade eller dør, uden at Ejeren er til Stede, skal han give Erstatning;

15 er Ejeren derimod til Stede, skal han ikke give Erstatning; var det lejet, er Lejesummen Erstatning.

16 Når en Mand forfører en Jomfru, der ikke er trolovet, og ligger hos hende, skal han udrede Brudekøbesummen for hende og tage hende til Hustru;

17 og hvis hendes Fader vægrer sig ved at give ham hende, skal han tilveje ham den sædvanlige Brudekøbesum for en Jomfru.

18 En Troldkvinde må du ikke lade leve.

19 Enhver, der har Omgang med Kvæg, skal lide Døden.

20 Den, der ofrer til andre Guder end HE EN alene, skal der lægges Band på.

21 Den fremmede må du ikke undertrykke eller forulempe, thi I var selv fremmede i Ægypten.

22 Enken eller den faderløse må I aldrig mishandle;

23 hvis I mishandler dem, og de råber om Hjælp til mig, vil jeg visselig høre på deres Klageråb,

24 og da vil min Vrede blusse op, og jeg vil slå eder ihjel med Sværdet, så eders egne Hustruer bliver Enker og eders Børn faderløse.

25 Når du låner Penge til en fattig Mand af mit Folk i dit Nabolag, må du ikke optræde som en Ågerkarl over for ham. I må ikke tage enter af ham.

26 Hvis du tager din Næstes Kappe i Pant, skal du give ham den tilbage inden Solnedgang;

27 thi den er det eneste, han har at dække sig med, det er den, han hyller sit Legeme i; hvad skulde han,ellers ligge med? Og når han råber til mig, vil jeg høre ham, thi jeg er barmhjertig.

28 Gud må du ikke spotte, og dit Folks Øvrighed må du ikke forbande.

29 Din Lades Overflod og din Vinperses Saft må du ikke holde tilbage. Den førstefødte af dine Sønner skal du give mig.

30 Ligeså skal du gøre med dit Hornkvæg og dit Småkvæg; i syv Dage skal det blive hos Moderen, men på den ottende Dag skal I give mig det.

31 I skal være mig hellige Mænd; Kød af sønderrevne Dyr må I ikke spise, I skal kaste det for Hundene.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

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Arcana Coelestia #9193

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9193. 'Shall be utterly destroyed' means being cast out. This is clear from the meaning of 'being utterly destroyed', when it refers to people whose worship is that of falsities arising from evil, as being cast out, that is to say, cast out of the Church. The fact that casting such falsities out of the Church, and so rooting them out, is meant by their being 'utterly destroyed', is evident in Moses,

If men of belial 1 have gone out of your midst, and have urged the inhabitants of their city, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, whom you have not known - if it is true and certain, 2 that [this] abomination has been committed in the midst of you - you shall surely strike the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword. You shall utterly destroy it and everyone who is in it, and also the beasts in it, with the edge of the sword. You shall bring together all the spoil from it into the middle of the street, and shall burn the city with fire, and all the spoil from it, the whole of it, to Jehovah your God, so that it may be a heap forever and not be built ever again. Do it so thoroughly that nothing of what is given to utter destruction sticks in your hand. Deuteronomy 13:13-17.

[2] The fact that falsity arising from evil is what 'that which is given to utter destruction' means is evident from the details of these verses in the internal sense. 'Cities' which were to be utterly destroyed are religious teachings, in this instance false teachings, 2712, 2943, 3216. 'The edge of the sword' with which they were to strike man and beast is truth fighting against and destroying falsity that arises from evil, 2799, 4499, 7102, 8294. 'The street' into the middle of which the spoil was to be brought is truth presented by religious teachings and in the contrary sense falsity presented by them, 2336. 'Fire' with which the spoil was to be burned along with the city is the evil of self-love, 1297, 2446, 5071, 5215, 6314, 6832, 7324. From all this it is evident that 'utter destruction' means being cast out of the Church and being rooted out. Therefore also it was commanded that the nations in the land of Canaan should be utterly destroyed, Deuteronomy 7:2, 24-26. For the nations had originally constituted the Church in that land, which also was why they had altars and in addition offered sacrifices, 3686, 4447, 4516, 4517, 5136, 6306, 6516, 8054. But when they turned representative worship - the worship of the Ancient Church - into idolatrous worship, and in so doing falsified truths and adulterated forms of good, 8317, the command came for them to be given to utter destruction, not only people but also cities and what was in them.

[3] The command came because everything there represented falsities arising from evil. The cities represented the actual teachings presenting falsity; the beasts represented evil affections; the gold and silver of those people represented evils and falsities; and so on with everything else. The worship of the Ancient Church had consisted first and foremost in worshipping God in human form, that is, in worshipping the Lord. But then they turned aside from good to evil and began to worship the actual objects that had served to represent Him, such as the sun, moon, and stars, also groves and pillars, and God in the form of various kinds of idols. Thus they worshipped external objects separated from anything of an internal nature; and this is brought about when the internal man has been closed. What closes the internal man is a life of evil; for good is that through which the Lord flows in and opens the internal man, and therefore evil is that which closes this. Once the internal man has been closed truths are turned into falsities; and when they remain they serve solely the evils of self-love and love of the world. Internal worship consists first and foremost in acknowledging the Lord, the one and only God, and in acknowledging that He is the source of everything good and true. People in the Church who do not acknowledge Him cannot be governed by good, nor thus by truth; and the ones to acknowledge Him are those who possess faith and at the same time lead a good life, but not those who lead a bad life, 8878. Acknowledging and worshipping the Lord consists in living according to His commandments, that is, leading the life of faith and of charity, see 8252-8257. The life of faith lies in doing His commandments in a spirit of obedience, and the life of charity lies in doing them out of love.

Notes de bas de page:

1. A Hebrew word implying those who are worthless

2. literally, if [it is] truth, and the thing certain

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #2336

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2336. That 'the street' means truth becomes clear from many places in the Word, as in John where the New Jerusalem is referred to,

The twelve gates were twelve pearls, each gate was one pearl; and the street of the city was pure gold, like transparent glass. Revelation 21:21.

[2] 'The New Jerusalem' is the Lord's kingdom which because it is being described as regards good and truth is described by walls, gates, and streets. By the last of these -'the streets' - are meant all avenues of truth which lead to good, that is, all those of faith which lead to love and charity. And because truths in this way become part of good, and so are made transparent from good, it is said that 'the street was pure gold, like transparent glass'. In the same book,

Out of the middle of the street of it, and of the river, on this side and on that, was the tree of life bearing twelve fruits. Revelation 22:2.

This also refers to the New Jerusalem or the Lord's kingdom. 'The middle of the street' is the truth of faith, by means of which good comes and which after that stems from good. 'The twelve fruits' are those called the fruits of faith, for 'twelve' means all things of faith, as shown in 577, 2089, 2129, 2130.

[3] In Daniel,

Know and perceive that from the going forth of the Word to restore and to build Jerusalem until the Messiah, the Leader, there will be seven weeks - and sixty-two weeks; and it will be restored and built with street and moat. Daniel 9:25.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord, 'it will be restored with street and moat' meaning that there will be truth and good at that time. The fact that Jerusalem was not restored and built at that time is well known; and that it is not to be restored and built anew anyone may also know provided he does not fix his ideas on a worldly kingdom but on a heavenly kingdom meant in the internal sense by Jerusalem.

[4] In Luke,

The householder said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city and bring in here the poor, the maimed, the lame, and the blind. Luke 14:21.

People who confine themselves to the sense of the letter gain nothing more from this verse than the idea that the servant was to go everywhere, and that this is what is meant by 'streets and lanes', and that he was to fetch in everybody, and that this is what is meant by 'the poor, the maimed, the lame, and the blind'. But each and all of these words, being the Lord's, embody arcana within them. The command that he should go out into the streets and lanes means that he was to search everywhere for some genuine truth, that is, for truth which shines out of good, or through which good shines. The command that he should bring in the poor, the maimed, the lame, and the blind, means that such people were to be brought in as had in the Ancient Church been called the poor, maimed, lame, or blind - that is, he was to bring in those who were such as regards faith but who had led good lives, and who for this reason ought to be taught about the Lord's kingdom - thus to bring in gentiles who were as yet uninformed.

[5] Because 'streets' meant truths it was a representative custom among the Jews to teach in the streets, as is evident from Matthew 6:2, 5, and Luke 13:26-27. Wherever 'streets' are mentioned in the Prophets they mean in the internal sense either truths or things contrary to truths, as in Isaiah,

Judgement is cast away backwards, and justice stands afar off, for truth has stumbled in the street, and uprightness cannot come in. Isaiah 59:14.

In the same prophet,

Your sons fainted and lay at the head of every street. Isaiah 51:20.

In Jeremiah,

Death has come up into our windows, it has entered our palaces, cutting off the small child from the street and the young men from the lanes. Jeremiah 9:21.

[6] In Ezekiel,

By means of the hoofs of his horses Nebuchadnezzar will trample all your streets. Ezekiel 26:11.

This refers to Tyre, which means cognitions of truth, 1201. 'The hoofs of the horses' are facts which pervert the truth. In Nahum,

In the streets the chariots rage; they rush about in the lanes. Nahum 2:4.

'Chariots' stands for the doctrine of truth, which is said 'to rage in the streets' when falsity has replaced truth. In Zechariah,

Old men and old women will again dwell in the streets of Jerusalem. And the streets of the city will be full of boys and girls playing in the streets. Zechariah 8:4-5.

This refers to affections for truth, and consequent forms of joy and gladness. There are other places besides these, such as Isaiah 24:11; Jeremiah 5:1; 7:34; 49:26; Lamentations 2:11, 19; 4:8, 14; Zephaniah 3:6.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.