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Genesi 18

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1 L’Eterno apparve ad Abrahamo alle querce di Mamre, mentre questi sedeva all’ingresso della sua tenda durante il caldo del giorno.

2 Abrahamo alzò gli occhi, ed ecco che scòrse tre uomini, i quali stavano dinanzi a lui; e come li ebbe veduti, corse loro incontro dall’ingresso della tenda, si prostrò fino a terra e disse:

3 "Deh, Signor mio, se ho trovato grazia davanti a te, non passare senza fermarti dal tuo servo!

4 Deh, lasciate che si porti un po’ d’acqua; e lavatevi i piedi; e riposatevi sotto quest’albero.

5 lo andrò a prendere un pezzo di pane, e vi fortificherete il cuore; poi, continuerete il vostro cammino; poiché per questo siete passati presso al vostro servo". E quelli dissero: "Fa’ come hai detto".

6 Allora Abrahamo andò in fretta nella tenda da Sara, e le disse: "Prendi subito tre misure di fior di farina, impastala, e fa’ delle schiacciate".

7 Poi Abrahamo corse all’armento, ne tolse un vitello tenero e buono, e lo diede a un servo, il quale s’affrettò a prepararlo.

8 E prese del burro, del latte e il vitello ch’era stato preparato, e li pose davanti a loro; ed egli se ne stette in piè presso di loro sotto l’albero. E quelli mangiarono.

9 Poi essi gli dissero: "Dov’è Sara tua moglie?" Ed egli rispose: "E’ là nella tenda".

10 E l’altro: "Tornerò certamente da te fra un anno; ed ecco, Sara tua moglie avrà un figliuolo". E Sara ascoltava all’ingresso della tenda, ch’era dietro a lui.

11 Or Abrahamo e Sara eran vecchi, bene avanti negli anni, e Sara non aveva più i corsi ordinari delle donne.

12 E Sara rise dentro di sé, dicendo: "Vecchia come sono, avrei io tali piaceri? e anche il mio signore è vecchio!"

13 E l’Eterno disse ad Abrahamo: "Perché mai ha riso Sara, dicendo: Partorirei io per davvero, vecchia come sono?

14 V’ha egli cosa che sia troppo difficile per l’Eterno? Al tempo fissato, fra un anno, tornerò, e Sara avrà un figliuolo".

15 Allora Sara negò, dicendo: "Non ho riso"; perch’ebbe paura. Ma egli disse: "Invece, hai riso!"

16 Poi quegli uomini s’alzarono e volsero gli sguardi verso Sodoma; e Abrahamo andava con loro per accomiatarli.

17 E l’Eterno disse: "Celerò io ad Abrahamo quello che sto per fare,

18 giacché Abrahamo deve diventare una nazione grande e potente e in lui saran benedette tutte le nazioni della terra?

19 Poiché io l’ho prescelto affinché ordini ai suoi figliuoli, e dopo di sé alla sua casa, che s’attengano alla via dell’Eterno per praticare la giustizia e l’equità, onde l’Eterno ponga ad effetto a pro d’Abrahamo quello che gli ha promesso".

20 E l’Eterno disse: "Siccome il grido che sale da Sodoma e Gomorra è grande e siccome il loro peccato è molto grave,

21 io scenderò e vedrò se hanno interamente agito secondo il grido che n’è pervenuto a me; e, se così non è, lo saprò".

22 E quegli uomini, partitisi di là, s’avviarono verso Sodoma; ma Abrahamo rimase ancora davanti all’Eterno.

23 E Abrahamo s’accostò e disse: "Farai tu perire il giusto insieme con l’empio?

24 Forse ci son cinquanta giusti nella città; farai tu perire anche quelli? o non perdonerai tu a quel luogo per amore de’ cinquanta giusti che vi sono?

25 Lungi da te il fare tal cosa! il far morire il giusto con l’empio, in guisa che il giusto sia trattato come l’empio! lungi da te! Il giudice di tutta la terra non farà egli giustizia?"

26 E l’Eterno disse: "Se trovo nella città di Sodoma cinquanta giusti, perdonerò a tutto il luogo per amor d’essi".

27 E Abrahamo riprese e disse: "Ecco, prendo l’ardire di parlare al Signore, benché io non sia che polvere e cenere;

28 forse, a que’ cinquanta giusti ne mancheranno cinque; distruggerai tu tutta la città per cinque di meno?" E l’Eterno: "Se ve ne trovo quarantacinque, non la distruggerò".

29 Abrahamo continuò a parlargli e disse: "Forse, vi se ne troveranno quaranta". E l’Eterno: "Non io farò, per amor dei quaranta".

30 E Abrahamo disse: "Deh, non si adiri il Signore, ed io parlerò. Forse, vi se ne troveranno trenta". E l’Eterno: "Non lo farò, se ve ne trovo trenta".

31 E Abrahamo disse: "Ecco, prendo l’ardire di parlare al Signore; forse, vi se ne troveranno venti". E l’Eterno: "Non la distruggerò per amore dei venti".

32 E Abrahamo disse: "Deh, non si adiri il Signore, e io parlerò ancora questa volta soltanto. Forse, vi se ne troveranno dieci". E l’Eterno: "Non la distruggerò per amore de’ dieci".

33 E come l’Eterno ebbe finito di parlare ad Abrahamo, se ne andò. E Abrahamo tornò alla sua dimora.

   

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Arcana Coelestia #2209

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2209. 'And I have grown old' means after it ceased to be such - that is, ceased to be [merely] human and not Divine - when that which was human was cast off. This is clear from the meaning of 'growing old' as casting off the human, dealt with above in 2198, 2203. As regards the rational in general, when it thinks about Divine things, especially from the truth it possesses, it cannot possibly believe that such things exist. It is unable to do so because for one thing it has no grasp of them, and for another appearances born from the illusions of the senses cling to it, by means of which and from which it thinks, as becomes clear from the examples which have been introduced above in 2196. To these, for the sake of illustration, let the following be added.

[2] Is the rational, if consulted, able to believe in the existence of the internal sense of the Word which, as has been shown, is so remote from the literal sense? And is it thus able to believe that the Word is that which joins heaven and earth together, that is, the Lord's kingdom in heaven to the Lord's kingdom on earth? Is the rational able to believe that souls after death converse with one another most distinctly, doing so not by means of speech consisting of spoken words, yet nevertheless so completely that they express more in a minute than man does in an hour by the use of his speech; or that the angels likewise converse with one another, but in a language which is more perfect still though imperceptible to spirits; and also that all souls on entering the next life know how to use this kind of speech even though they are never taught how to do so? Is the rational able to believe that present within one affection which a person has, indeed within a single sigh expressing his affection, there are things perceived by angels which are so countless that they cannot possibly be described; or that every affection which a person has, indeed every idea comprising his thought, is an image of him and is such that it includes within it in a wondrous fashion every detail of his life, besides thousands upon thousands of other such things?

[3] When the rational which derives its wisdom from the evidence of the senses, and is wrapped in the illusions of the senses, thinks about such things it does not believe that they can be so, for it is not able to form any idea for itself except from such things as it perceives by some sensory power whether external or internal. How must it be when it thinks about Divine celestial and Divine spiritual things which are higher still? For there must always exist, born from the evidence of the senses, some appearances for thought to rest upon, and when these appearances are withdrawn the idea ceases to exist. This has also become clear to me from spirits who are newcomers and who take very great delight in the appearances they have brought with them from the world. They have said that they did not know whether they would be able to think if those appearances were taken away from them. Such is the nature of the rational regarded in itself.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #2196

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2196. 'And this was behind him' means close to the good which existed with the rational at that time, and separated from it insofar as anything of the human was in it. This is clear from what is said regarding the door where Sarah stood - that it was 'behind him'. 'Being behind him' means not joined together but behind his back. That which is separated from someone is represented by that which has been cast so to speak behind the back, as may become clear from the representatives in the next life described from experience in 1393, 1875. This separation is expressed here by its being said that the door where Sarah stood was behind him.

[2] The situation so far as merely human rational truth - which resided with the Lord at that time and was separated from Him when He joined Himself to the Divine - is that human rational truth has no grasp of Divine things because these are above its range of understanding. Such truth does indeed communicate with the facts which are present in the natural man; but insofar as it looks from those facts at the things that exist above itself it does not acknowledge these things. For such truth is immersed in appearances of which it cannot rid itself; and appearances are born from the evidence of the senses - which leads one to believe as though Divine things themselves are also of a similar nature, when in fact they are free of all appearances. When such Divine things are stated this rational truth cannot possibly believe them because it cannot have any grasp of them. Let some examples be given.

[3] If it is stated that a person has no life except that which he receives from the Lord, the rational, seeing from appearances, imagines in that case that he is not able to live as if from himself, when in fact he is for the first time truly living when he perceives that he does so from the Lord.

[4] Seeing from appearances the rational imagines that the good which a person does springs from himself, when in fact nothing good at all springs from self, but from the Lord.

[5] Seeing from appearances the rational imagines that a person merits salvation when he does what is good, when in fact of himself a person can merit nothing - all merit being the Lord's.

[6] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that when he is being withheld from evil and maintained in good by the Lord, nothing but good, righteousness, and indeed holiness are present with him, when in fact present in man there is nothing except evil, unrighteousness, and profanity.

[7] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that when he does what is good from charity his will is the source of his actions, when in fact it is not his will that is the source but his understanding in which charity has been implanted.

[8] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that no glory can exist without the glory of the world, when in fact the glory of heaven does not have one trace of the world's glory within it.

[9] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that nobody can love the neighbour more than he loves himself, but that all love begins from self, when in fact heavenly love has no self-love at all within it.

[10] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that no light can exist apart from that which flows from the light of this world, when in fact not a ray of the world's light shines in heaven, though the light there is a thousand times brighter than the midday light of the world.

[11] Seeing from appearances a person imagines that the Lord cannot possibly shine before the whole of heaven as a sun, when in fact the entire light of heaven comes from Him.

[12] Seeing from appearances no one can grasp the idea that developments take place in the next life, when in fact those there seem to themselves to be making developments - as anyone does on earth - in for example, their homes, courtyards, and gardens. Still less can man grasp it if he is told that these are changes of state which manifest themselves outwardly in such developments.

[13] Seeing from appearances a person cannot grasp that it is because they are not visible before his eyes that spirits and angels are not able to be seen; nor can he grasp that they are able to talk to man, when in fact they are seen more clearly before internal sight, or the sight of the spirit, than man sees man on earth. And their utterances are also in like manner clearly audible.

Besides these there are thousands upon thousands of things such as these which man's rational, seeing from its own light, which is born from the evidence of the senses and consequently is darkened, cannot possibly believe. Indeed even in natural things the rational is blinded. It is unable to grasp, for example, how those living on the opposite side of the world can stand erect and walk, or to grasp very many other natural phenomena. How blind must the rational be then in spiritual and celestial things which are far above those that are natural.

[14] Such being the nature of the human rational, it is here spoken of as being separated when the Lord, while possessing Divine Perception, was united to the Divine. This is meant by the statement that Sarah, who here is such rational truth, 'stood at the tent door, and this was behind him'.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.