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Разговор након доручка

Од стране Joe David (машински преведен у Srpski, Српски)

This inscription is on a stone at the church hall in South Ronaldsey, in the Orkneys, northeast of Scotland.

Разговор након доручка

(Коментар о Јеванђеље по Јовану 21:15-25)

 

У првом делу овог поглавља седам ученика се вратило кући у Галилеју. Они су отишли на пецање, видели Исуса на обали, следили његовим упутствима да пецају с десне стране чамца, извукли су мрежу напуњену 153 рибом на обалу и ... како почиње друга половина поглавља, управо су имали завршили су брзи раст са Њим. Сада се опуштају.

Исус каже Петру: "Да ли ме волиш?" и Петар, можда мало запрепашћен питањем, мислећи да је одговор очит, одговара „да“, а Исус одговара: „Нахрани моја јагњета“. Још два пута овај низ се понавља, али са неким изменама. Затим, након овог необичног разговора, Господин им свима говори малу присподобу о томе да буду млади и касније остареју. Тада Господ говори Петру да га слиједи, а Петар, наизглед љубоморан, пита шта Иван треба да ради. Господ благо побија Петрову љубомору рекавши: "Ако овај човек посегне док ја не дођем шта вам је то?", Али тада каже и Ивану да га следи.

Коначно, Иваново еванђеље, и заиста збирка сва четири еванђеља, затвара се објашњењем Јована да је писац овог еванђеља.

Дакле, погледајмо пажљивије у разговору, присподобама и избијању љубоморе.

У овом делу приче помињу се само два од седам ученика, Петар и Јован. Петар представља веру или истину, али истина о духовним стварима у које стварно верујемо од Бога. Јован представља добро или љубав према ближњем. Прво пребива у делу који разуме, а други у вољи.

Говорећи Петру да храни овце, Господ каже да следити Њега значи проповедати истине које сви ученици сада знају о Господу, његовом доласку и о томе како треба водити живот, како би могао бити следбеник Господ у новој цркви. У разговору је Господин директан и сондиран. "Симон, Јонасов сине, волиш ли ме више од овога?" Мислим да се Петра пита да ли воли Господа, Исуса, више него што воли своје колеге галилејске пријатеље, иако је то двосмислено, може ли значити „да ли ме волиш више од ових шесторице?“ Када Петар одговори први пут каже: "Господе, знаш да те волим."

Уз ово прво од три пробна питања, Господин одговара „Храните моја јагњета“, док је након тога одговор „Храните моје овце“. Овце и јагње обоје представљају људе који воле љубав према добру, али док овце значе оне који воле чинити добро ради ближњег, јагње значе оне који чине добро зарад Господа. Прво је духовно добро, а друго више, и назива се небеско добро. Али људи који у почетку желе чинити добро не знају шта је добро; они то морају научити из Речи и бити поучени. Због тога се Петру каже да их „нахрани“, што значи да истина мора указивати на то колико добро треба учинити. Да би се урадиле добре ствари, мора се повезати жеља воље и разумевање како се то може решити. За успешан хришћански живот, или у већем обиму, хришћанска црква, "Петар" и "Јован", морају да раде у складу.

Затим долази парабола. "Када сте били млади, сами сте се спремили и радили оно што сте желели. Али када постанете стари, морате посегнути за помоћ и други ће вас одвести тамо где не желите да идете."

Изгледа да се овде не уклапа, али наравно да јесте, и на два начина. Први начин је дат у библијском тексту; говори о Господиновој смрти да су га сва пророчанства водила ка његовом распећу, као што је већ поменуто. Други начин је лекција за све нас. Када смо млади, самоуверени и јаки, осећамо да можемо радити оно што желимо и није нам потребна никаква помоћ. Искушења да чинимо зло с којима се ми сами можемо суочити. Али кад будемо мудрији схватамо да сва наша снага долази од Господара, и ако наставимо да зависимо само од нас самих, искушења из пакла ће бити прејака и ми ћемо бити приморани да радимо оно што пакао желе за нас, а не оно што желимо. Морамо научити у почетку да следимо Господа и да зависимо од Њега. То каже на крају присподобе, где се чини да се не уклапа док не разумијемо присподобу. "А кад је то рекао, он им каже: слиједите ме." То је оно што такође морамо да урадимо.

Петар је сретан што проповиједа истину и можда осјећа да је издвојен, али такође схвата да Јован такође воли Господа и да је вољен заузврат. Па пита: "А шта овај човек треба да ради?" Изгледа да потребна хармонија још увек није присутна и да је Петер љубоморан на везу, и вероватно се нада да ће му бити осигурано да је број један ... али то се неће догодити. Петру је једноставно речено да то није важно; он мора да ради посао који му је дат.

Подсећам на причу о Јакову и Езаву, у Постанак 25, где је Езав прворођени и наследиће од Изак-а право рођења и благослов. Јаков занатом који је осмислила његова мајка превари Изака и краде оно што је Езав. Затим бежи у Падан-Арам и тамо остаје са ујаком и постаје богат. Тек се на повратку, када се бори са анђелом, а име му је промењено у Израел, поново среће са Изавом. Промјена имена значи да сада када је Јаков богат истином из Речи, сада пријатељским сусретом са Езавом, такође богатим, да се два близанаца могу у присподоби спојити у једну личност, звану Израел, што значи спајање добра и истина у уму.

Езав значи нешто слично Ивану, оба представљају доброту или истинску љубав. Јаков значи нешто слично Петру, оба представљају истину научену из Речи. Свако наизглед непријатељство између њих око тога што је важније може их учинити и бескорисним, а код особе која постаје анђеоска (као што би сви требали тежити) нема непријатељства. Истина омогућава добро, а добро надахњује истину да би се нешто постигло. Иако о њима можемо засебно мислити и говорити, они су (савршено у Господу, а мање речено у анђелима) спојени у јединство како бисмо могли да буду ожењени. Брак Божијег добра и Божанске истине је извор свега створења. Да, све креација.

Овај брак добра и истине и потреба да обоје радимо у нашим животима, у равнотежи и хармонији, темељни је новохришћански концепт.

У Еванђељима постоји само још једна прича која се дешава после ове. У њему се остали ученици придружују овде поменутим седморицама да чују последње Господове заповести.

Из Сведенборгових дела

 

Arcana Coelestia # 4973

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4973. 'And he was in the house of his lord the Egyptian' means to enable it to be introduced into natural good. This is clear from the meaning of 'lord' as good, dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'the Egyptian' as factual knowledge in general, and from this as that which is natural, dealt with in 4967. The reason 'being in the house' means being introduced is that 'house' is the mind in which good dwells, 3538, in this case the natural mind. Moreover 'house' is used in reference to good, 3652, 3720. The human being has both a natural mind and a rational mind. The natural mind exists within his external man, the rational within his internal. Known facts make up the truths that belong to the natural mind, and these are said to be there 'in their own house' when they are joined to good there; for good and truth together constitute a single house like husband and wife. But the forms of good and the truths which are the subject at present are of a more interior kind, for they are suited to the celestial of the spiritual from the rational, which is represented by 'Joseph'. Those suitable interior truths within the natural are applicable to useful purposes, while interior forms of good in the same are the useful purposes themselves.

[2] The expression 'lord' is used many times in the Word, but unless a person is acquainted with the internal sense he assumes that 'lord' has no other meaning than what the word has when used in ordinary conversation. But 'lord' is used nowhere in the Word other than in reference to good, as is similarly the case with the name 'Jehovah'. When however reference is being made to truth, 'God' and also 'king are used. This then is the reason why 'lord' means good, as may also be seen from the following places: In Moses,

Jehovah your God, He is God of gods, and Lord of lords. Deuteronomy 10:17.

In David,

Confess Jehovah, confess the God of gods, confess the Lord of lords. Psalms 136:1-3

In these places Jehovah or the Lord is called 'God of gods' by virtue of Divine Truth which goes forth from Him, and 'Lord of lords' by virtue of Divine Good which exists within Him.

[3] Similarly in John,

The Lamb will overcome them, for He is Lord of lords, and King of kings. Revelation 17:14.

And in the same book,

The One sitting on the white horse has on His robe and on His thigh the name written, King of kings and Lord of lords. Revelation 19:16.

The Lord is called 'King of kings' by virtue of Divine Truth, and 'Lord of lords' by virtue of Divine Good, as is evident from the individual expressions used here. 'The name written' is His true nature, 144, 145, 1754, 1896, 2009, 2724, 3006. 'His robe' on which it is written is the truth of faith, 1073, 2576, 4545, 4763. 'His thigh' on which likewise that nature is written is the good of love, 3021, 4277, 4280, 4575. From this too it is evident that by virtue of Divine Truth the Lord is called 'King of kings and by virtue of Divine Good 'Lord of lords'. For more about the Lord being called King by virtue of Divine Truth, see 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4581.

[4] From this it is also plain what 'the Lord's Christ' means in Luke,

Simeon received an answer from the Holy Spirit that he would not see death until he had seen the Lord's Christ. Luke 2:26.

'The Lord's Christ' is the Divine Truth that goes with Divine Good, for 'Christ' is one and the same as Messiah, and Messiah is the Anointed or King, 3008, 3009, 'the Lord' in this case being Jehovah. The name Jehovah is not used anywhere in the New Testament Word, but instead of Jehovah, the Lord and God are used, see 2921, as again in Luke,

Jesus said, How can they say that the Christ is David's son when David himself says in the Book of Psalms, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at My right hand? Luke 20:41, 41.

The same appears in David as follows,

Jehovah said to my Lord, Sit at My right hand. Psalms 110:1.

It is obvious that Jehovah in David is called Lord in the gospel, 'Lord' in this case standing for the Divine Good of the Divine Human. Omnipotence is meant by 'sitting at the right hand', 3387, 4592, 4933 (end).

[5] While in the world the Lord was Divine Truth, but once He was glorified, that is, had made the Human within Him Divine, He became Divine Good, from which Divine Truth subsequently goes forth. This explains why after the Resurrection the disciples did not call Him Master, as they had before, but Lord, as is evident in John 21:7, 12, 15-17, 20, and also in the other gospels. Divine Truth - which the Lord was while in the world and which subsequently goes forth from Him, that is, from Divine Good - is also called 'the Angel of the Covenant', in Malachi,

Suddenly there will come to His temple the Lord whom you are seeking, and the Angel of the Covenant in whom you delight. Malachi 3:1.

[6] Because 'Lord' is used to mean Divine Good and 'King' Divine Truth, therefore in places where the Lord is spoken of as having dominion and a kingdom 'dominion' has reference to Divine Good and 'a kingdom' to Divine Truth. For the same reason the Lord is called 'Lord of the nations' but 'King of the peoples', for 'nations' means those governed by good, 'peoples' those governed by truth, 1259, 1260, 1849, 3581

[7] Good is called 'lord' as against a servant, and 'father' as against a son, as in Malachi,

A son should honour his father, and a servant his lord. If I am a Father, where is My honour? And if I am a Lord, where is the fear of Me? Malachi 1:6.

And in David,

To be a slave JOSEPH was sold. The word of Jehovah tested him. The king sent and released him, he who had dominion over nations set him free and placed him as lord of his house and as one with dominion over all his possessions. Psalms 105:17, 19-22.

Here, as is evident from each individual expression, 'Joseph' is used to mean the Lord, 'lord' in this instance being the Divine Good of the Divine Human.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3387

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3387. 'For he was afraid to say, My wife, [thinking,] The men of the place may perhaps kill me on account of Rebekah' means that it was impossible for Divine Truths themselves to be disclosed, and so for Divine Good to be received. This is clear from the meaning of 'being afraid to say' as an inability to disclose; from the meaning of 'wife', who is Rebekah here, as the Lord's Divine Rational in respect to Divine Truth, dealt with in 3012, 3013, 3077; from the meaning of 'killing me' as good not being received, for 'Isaac', to whom 'me' refers here, represents the Divine Good of the Lord's Rational, 3012, 3194, 3210 - good being said 'to be killed' or to perish when it is not received, for it ceases to exist with that person; and from the meaning of 'the men of the place' as people who possess matters of doctrine concerning faith, dealt with just above in 3385. From these meanings it is now evident what the internal sense of these words is, namely: If Divine truths themselves were disclosed they would not be received by those who possess matters of doctrine concerning faith because those truths go beyond the whole range of their rational grasp of things, and so go beyond the whole of their faith, and as a consequence of this no good at all could flow in from the Lord. For good from the Lord, or Divine good, cannot flow in except into truths, for truths are the vessels for good, as shown many times.

[2] Truths or appearances of truth are given to a person to enable Divine Good to develop the understanding part of his mind, and so the person himself, for truths exist to the end that good may flow in. Indeed without vessels or receptacles good has nowhere to go, for it can find no condition answering to itself. Where no truths exist therefore, that is, where they have not been received, neither does any rational or human good exist; and as a consequence the person does not possess any spiritual life. Therefore, so that a person may nevertheless possess truths, and from these receive spiritual life, appearances of truth are given, to everyone according to his ability to grasp them; and these appearances are acknowledged as truths because they have the capacity to hold Divine things within them.

[3] So that it may be known what appearances are and that they are what serve a person as Divine truths, let the following be used by way of illustration: If man were told that in heaven angels have no concept of place, and so no concept of distance, but that instead they have concepts of state, he could not possibly grasp it, for he would suppose from this that nothing distinct and separate existed but that everything was fused together, that is to say, all the angels were together in a single place. Yet everything there is so distinct and separate that nothing could ever be more so. Places, distances, and intervals of space which exist in the natural order exist in heaven as states, see 3356. From this it is evident that all the things that are stated in the Word about places and intervals of space between objects, also ideas that are formed from these and expressed through them, are appearances of truth; and unless everything were stated by means of those appearances it would in no way be received and would as a consequence be scarcely anything; for the concept of space and time is present in almost every single detail of a person's thought as long as he is in the world, that is, living within space and time.

[4] The fact that the Word speaks according to appearances involving space is clear from almost every single part of it, as in Matthew,

Jesus said, How is it that David says, The Lord [said] to my Lord, Sit at My right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool? Matthew 22:43-44.

Here the expression 'sitting at the right hand' is derived from the concept of place and so according to the appearance - when in fact it is a state of the Lord's Divine power which is described by that expression. In the same gospel,

Jesus said, Hereafter you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of power and coming on the clouds of heaven. Matthew 26:64.

Here similarly 'sitting at the right hand' and also 'coming on clouds' are expressions derived from men's concept of place, whereas the concept angels have is one of the state of the Lord's power. In Mark,

The sons of Zebedee said to Jesus, Grant us to sit in Your glory, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left. Jesus replied, To sit at My right hand and at My left is not Mine to grant, but it is for those for whom it has been prepared. Mark 10:37, 40.

From this it is evident what kind of concept the disciples had of the Lord's kingdom, that is to say, one that involved sitting on the right hand and on the left. Such being the concept they had of it the Lord also replied to them in a way they could understand and so by an appearance that could be seen by them.

[5] In David,

Like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, he rejoices as a mighty man to run the course. From the end of the heavens is His going forth, and His circuit to the ends of them. Psalms 19:5-6.

This refers to the Lord, the state of whose Divine power is described by means of such things as belong to space. In Isaiah,

How you have fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the dawn! You said in your heart, I will go up into the heavens, above the stars of God 1 I will raise my throne. I will go up above the heights of the clouds. Isaiah 14:12-14.

'Falling from heaven', 'going up the heavens', 'raising a throne above the stars of God', 'going up above the heights of the clouds' are all expressions derived from the concept and appearance of space or a place, and are used to describe self-love profaning holy things. Since celestial and spiritual things are presented to man by means of and according to visual objects like these, heaven too is therefore described as being on high when in fact it is not on high but in that which is internal, 450, 1380, 2148.

Фусноте:

1. The Latin means heaven; but the Hebrew means God which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.