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以西结书 10

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1 我观,见基路伯上的穹苍之中,显出蓝宝的形状,彷佛宝座的形像。

2 主对那穿细麻衣的:你进去,在旋转的轮内基路伯,从基路伯中间将炭取满两手,撒在城上。我就见他进去。

3 进去的时候,基路伯站在殿的右边,彩充满了内院。

4 耶和华的荣耀从基路伯那里上升,停在门槛以上;殿内满了彩,院宇也被耶和华荣耀的光辉充满。

5 基路伯翅膀的响声听到外院,好像全能神说话声音

6 他吩咐那穿细麻衣的说:要从旋转的基路伯中间取。那就进去站在一个子旁边。

7 有一个基路伯基路伯中伸基路伯中间的那里,取些放在那穿细麻衣的人两中,那人就拿出去了。

8 基路伯翅膀,显出有人的样式。

9 我又观,见基路伯旁边有子。这基路伯旁有子,那基路伯旁有子,每基路伯都是如此;子的颜色(原文是形状)彷佛水苍玉。

10 至於的形状,都是个样式,彷佛中套

11 轮行走的时候,向方都能直行,并不掉向何方,他们也随向何方,行走的时候并不掉

12 他们全身,连背带翅膀,并周围都满了眼睛。这个基路伯的子都是如此。

13 至於这些子,我耳中见说是旋转的。

14 基路伯各有脸:第基路伯的脸,第二是人的脸,第三狮子的脸,第四鹰的脸。

15 基路伯升上去了;这是我在迦巴鲁边所见的活物。

16 基路伯行走,也在旁边行走。基路伯展开翅膀,离上升,也不离他们旁边。

17 那些站住,这些也站住;那些上升,这些也一同上升,因为活物的灵在轮中。

18 耶和华的荣耀从殿的门槛那里出去,停在基路伯以上。

19 基路伯出去的时候,就展开翅膀,在我眼前离上升。也在他们的旁边,都停在耶和华殿的东门口。在他们以上有以色列的荣耀。

20 这是我在迦巴鲁边所见、以色列荣耀以的活物,我就知道他们是基路伯

21 各有个脸面,翅膀翅膀有人的样式。

22 至於他们脸的模样,并身体的形像,是我从前在迦巴鲁边所见的。他们俱各直往前行。

   

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属天的奥秘 #2921

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2921. “我主, 你在我们中间是神的王子” 表主的神性良善与真理同他们在一起. 这从 “主”, “神的王子” 和 “在我们中间” 的含义清楚可知. 当论述的主题是良善时, 经上就用 “主” 这个词. 这一事实从旧约明显看出来, 因为在旧约, 耶和华有时被称为耶和华, 有时被称为神, 有时被称为耶和华神, 有时被称为主耶和华 (Lord Jehovih), 有时被称为万军之耶和华 (Jehovah Zebaoth), 这是出于只有通过内义才能知晓的隐藏原因. 一般来说, 当论述的主题是爱的属天之物或爱时, 经上就用 “耶和华” 这个名; 但当论述的主题是信的属灵之物, 或真理时, 经上就用 “神” 这个名; 当这二者一起被论述时, 经上就用 “耶和华神” 这两个名. 然而, 当论述的主题是良善的神性大能, 即全能时, 经上就用 “万军之耶和华” (Jehovah of Hosts或Jehovah Zebaoth或Jehovah of Armies), 以及 “主”, 以致 “万军之耶和华” 这两个名和 “主” 这个名具有相同的意义和含义. 人与天使由此, 即由良善的大能也被称为 “主”; 在反面意义上, 那些没有任何能力, 或从他们的主那里拥有能力的人则被称为 “仆人” 或 “奴仆”. 由此可见, 此处 “我主” 在内义上表示主的良善, 这在下文会通过圣言来说明. 然而, “神的王子” 表主之真理的力量, 或主的真理. 这从 “王子” 或 “君王” 表首要真理 (参看1482, 2089节) 明显看出来, 也可从经上说 “神的王子” 明显看出来, 因为当论述真理时, 经上就用神这个名, 而当论述良善时, 经上则用 “耶和华” 这个名 (参看2586, 2769, 2807, 2822节). “在我们中间” 表在他们中间, 或与他们同在. 这是显而易见的, 无需解释.

在旧约, “万军之耶和华” 和 “主” 具有同样的意义和含义, 这明显可见于以赛亚书:

万军之耶和华的热心必成就这事; 主使一言入于雅各, 落在以色列身上. (以赛亚书 9:7-8)

在另一处:

强暴王必辖制他们. 这是主万军之耶和华说的. (以赛亚书 19:4)

弥迦书:

万军之耶和华说, 看哪, 你们所寻求的主, 甚至立约的使者, 就是你们所仰慕的, 必忽然进入他的殿; 看哪, 祂快要来到. (玛拉基书 3:1)

在以赛亚书看得更明显:

我观看, 见主坐在高高的宝座上抬起; 其上有撒拉弗侍立, 各有六个翅膀: 彼此呼喊说, 圣哉! 圣哉! 圣哉! 万军之耶和华. 我有祸啦! 我完啦! 因我眼见大君王万军之耶和华. 我又听见主的声音. (以赛亚书 6:1, 3, 5, 8)

由此明显可知 “万军之耶和华” 和 “主” 具有相同的含义.

但当寻求并哀求全能的帮助时, 经上就用 “主耶和华” (Lord Jehovih) 这个名, 如以赛亚书:

对犹大的城邑说, 看哪, 你们的神! 看啊, 主耶和华必像大能者临到, 祂的膀臂必为祂掌权. 祂的赏赐在祂那里, 祂的报应在祂面前. 祂必像牧人牧养自己的羊群. (以赛亚书 40:9-11)

当寻求这种帮助时, 经上就用 “主耶和华” 这个名 (参看以赛亚书 25:8; 40:10; 48:16; 50:4-5, 7, 9; 61:1; 耶利米书 2:22; 以西结书 8:1; 11:13, 17, 21; 12:10, 19, 28; 13:8, 13, 16, 18, 20; 14:4, 6, 11, 18, 20, 21; 弥迦书 1:2; 诗篇 71:5, 16等).

此外, 在旧约, “主” 所涉及的, 和 “耶和华” 所涉及的一样, 也就是说, 当论述良善时, 经上就用 “主”. 故主也同样有别于神, 如同耶和华有别于神一样. 如摩西书:

耶和华你们的神, 祂是万神之神, 万主之主. (申命记 10:17)

诗篇:

你们要称谢万神之神, 因祂的慈爱永远长存! 你们要称谢万主之主, 因祂的慈爱永远长存! (诗篇 136:1-3)

但在新约, 无论福音还是启示录, 经上从未提及 “耶和华”, 而是用 “主” 这个名来代替 “耶和华”, 这是由于下面要论述的隐藏原因. 在新约, 经上就用 “主” 代替 “耶和华”, 这从马可福音非常清楚地看出来:

耶稣回答说, 第一要紧的就是, 以色列啊, 你要听! 主我们神是独一的主; 你要尽心, 尽性, 尽意, 尽力爱主你的神. (马可福音 12:29-30)

同样的事在摩西书中是这样写的:

以色列啊, 你要听! 耶和华我们的神是独一的耶和华; 你要尽心, 尽性, 尽力爱耶和华你的神. (申命记 6:4-5)

此处很明显, 经上用 “主” 代替了 “耶和华”. 在启示录也是如此:

我观看, 见有一个宝座安置在天上, 又有一位坐在宝座上; 宝座周围有四个活物, 前后遍体都满了眼睛; 他们说, 圣哉, 圣哉, 圣哉, 主, 全能的神. (启示录 4:2, 6, 8)

但在以赛亚书, 我们读到:

我观看, 见主坐在高高的宝座上抬起; 其上有撒拉弗侍立, 各有六个翅膀: 彼此呼喊说, 圣哉! 圣哉! 圣哉! 万军之耶和华. (以赛亚书 6:1, 3, 5, 8)

此处经上用 “主” 代替 “耶和华”, 即用 “主, 全能的神” 代替 “万军之耶和华”. “四活物” 就是撒拉弗或基路伯, 这一事实明显可见于以西结书 (1:5, 13-15, 19等; 10:15). 在新约, “主” 就是耶和华”. 这一事实从以下经文也可明显看出来, 路加福音:

主的使者向撒迦利亚显现. (路加福音 1:11)

“主的使者” 用来代替 “耶和华的使者”. 在同一章. 论到撒迦利亚的儿子, 该使者对他说:

他要使许多以色列人回转, 归于主他们的神. (路加福音 1:16)

“归于主他们的神” 用来代替 “归于耶和华神”. 也是在这一章, 关于耶稣, 使者对马利亚说:

祂要为大, 称为至高者的儿子, 主神要把大卫的宝座给祂. (路加福音 1:32)

“主神” 在此用来代替 “耶和华神”. 还是在这一章:

马利亚说, 我的灵魂尊主为大; 我灵以神我的救主为乐. (路加福音 1:46-47)

此处 “主” 也用来代替 “耶和华”. 同样在这一章:

撒迦利亚就预言说: 主以色列的神是应当称颂的. (路加福音 1:68)

“主神” 用来代替 “耶和华神”. 同一福音书:

有主的使者站在牧羊的人旁边, 主的荣光四面照着他们. (路加福音 2:9)

“主的使者” 和 “主的荣光” 用来代替 “耶和华的使者” 和 “耶和华的荣光”. 马太福音:

奉主名来的, 是应当称颂的! (马太福音 21:9; 23:39; 路加福音 13:35; 约翰福音 12:13);

“奉主名” 用来代替 “奉耶和华的名”. 此外还有许多其它经文 (如路加福音 1:28; 2:15, 22-24, 29, 38, 39; 5:17; 马可福音 12:10, 11).

人们之所以称耶和华为 “主”, 其隐藏的原因如下: 若主在世时, 他们被告知主就是旧约中经常提及的耶和华 (参看1736节), 他们必不接受, 因为他们不信; 而且, 就其人性而言, 直到主将神性本质与人性本质, 并人性本质与神性本质完全融合起来, 祂才变成耶和华 (参看1725, 1729, 1733, 1745, 1815, 2156, 2751节). 终级试探, 也就是十字架受难过后, 完全的融合 (full unition) 才得以实现; 正因如此, 复活之后, 门徒就一直称祂为 “主” (约翰福音 20:2, 13, 15, 18, 20, 25; 21:7, 12, 15-17, 20; 马可福音 16:19, 20); 多马说: “我的主, 我的神” (约翰福音 20:28). 由于主是旧约中经常提及的耶和华, 故祂也对门徒说:

你们称呼我老师, 称呼我主, 你们说的不错, 我本来就是. (约翰福音 13:13-14, 16)

这些话表示祂就是耶和华神, 因为祂在此就良善而言被称为主, 就真理而言被称为老师. 主就是耶和华, 这也是使者对牧羊的人所说这些话的意思:

今天为你们生了救主, 就是主基督. (路加福音 2:11)

“基督” 用来代替弥赛亚, 受膏者和大君王; “主” 用来代替耶和华: “基督” 与真理相关, “主” 与良善相关. 人若不仔细研究圣言, 就不可能知道这一点. 他必和其他人一样, 以为我们的救主就叫主, 因为这是用来向祂表示尊敬的日常用语. 而事实上, 祂被如此称呼, 是因为祂就是耶和华.

  
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Thanks to our friends at swedenborgwork.com for their permission to use this translation on the New Christian Bible Study site. ( 衷心感谢”史威登堡著作中文网”许可我们使用该中文译文)

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Apocalypse Explained #532

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532. Since all numbers in the Word signify things and states, and the compound numbers derive their significations from the simple numbers of which they are compounded, and since the simple numbers are principally two, three, five, and seven, it is important to point out their signification in the Word, and at present, that of the number three, because it is said; "Woe, woe, woe, to them that dwell on the earth by reason of the voices of the trumpet of the three angels which are yet to sound!" That all numbers, in the Word, signify something pertaining to a thing and to state, may be seen above (n. 203, 429); and that the greater and complex numbers signify the same as the simple numbers from which they arise by multiplication, and that the simple numbers are two, three, five, and seven, may also be seen above (n. 430).

[2] That by three in the Word is signified what is full and complete, and hence an entire period, greater or less, from beginning to end, is evident from the following passages; thus in Isaiah:

"Within three years, as the years of an hireling, the glory of Moab shall be contemned, with all that great multitude; and the remnant shall be very small and feeble" (16:14).

Here by Moab are meant those who are in falsities from evil. His glory, and that great multitude, mean those falsities themselves. By the three years within which his glory shall be contemned, is signified that which is complete and consummated; it is therefore said, "then the remnant shall be very small," which signifies that it shall be no more. Three years are spoken of, which means consummation, thus, from beginning to end. It must be observed, that the same is signified by three years, as by three months, three weeks, three days, and three hours, for times, in the spiritual sense, signify states, and three times, whether greater or less, a full state.

[3] Again, in the same prophet:

"Like as my servant Isaiah hath walked naked and barefoot three years for a sign and wonder upon Egypt and upon Cush; so shall the king of Assyria lead the captivity of Egypt, and the multitude of Cush that is to be carried away; boys and old men, naked and barefoot" (20:3, 4).

Egypt and Cush do not mean Egypt and Cush, but Egypt means the External or Natural as to the Scientific, and Cush the External or Natural as to worship. When these are without an internal spiritual, they are also without truth and good, for all the truth, and all the good in the natural or external man, is from influx from the Lord through the spiritual man; and when it is destitute of truth and good, then the natural or external man, as to the things therein, is like a man naked and barefoot. That there will be only reasonings from falsities, and that these things will destroy, is signified by the king of Assyria leading the captivity of Egypt, and by the multitude of Cush, that is to be carried away naked and barefoot. By the boys and old men, whom the king of Assyria shall lead away, naked and barefoot, is signified that all innocence and all wisdom would perish. Their total and complete destruction was represented by the prophet going three years naked and barefoot; three years signifying an entire period from beginning to end, and therefore, total destruction.

[4] So in Hosea:

Jehovah "after two days will revive us; on the third day he will raise us up" (6:2).

To revive after two days, and to raise up the third day, signifies to reform and restore the church, the third day denoting full reformation and restoration, wherefore it is said, that Jehovah shall then raise them up; that neither two days are meant nor the third day is evident.

[5] Since the number three signified completeness even to the end, therefore that number was adopted in the representative church, and used as often as completeness was represented, as is evident from these things in the Word. They were to go a three days' journey, and sacrifice (Exodus 3:18; 5:3); in the third month after their departure from Egypt, they came to mount Sinai (Exodus 19:1); they were commanded to prepare themselves against the third day, because on the third day Jehovah would descend upon mount Sinai (Exodus 19:11, 15, 16, 18). For three days there was darkness in the land of Egypt (Exodus 10:22, 23). During three years the fruits of the trees planted in the land of Canaan were to be uncircumcised (Leviticus 19:23-25). No part of the flesh of the sacrifice was to be left till the third day (Leviticus 7:16, 17, 18; 19:6, 7). The water of separation was to be sprinkled upon the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day (Num. 19:11-22). Those who touched what was slain, were to be cleansed the third day, and the seventh day (Num. 31:19-25). Joshua commanded the people, that within three days they should pass over Jordan (Joshua 1:11; 3:2). Jehovah called Samuel three times, and three times Samuel ran to Eli, and the third time Eli understood that Jehovah called Samuel (1 Samuel 3:1-8). Jonathan told David to hide himself in a field until the third evening, and afterwards Jonathan threw three arrows to the side of the stone, and David bowed himself three times to the earth before Jonathan (1 Sam. 20:5, 12, 19, 20, 35, 36, 41). Three things were proposed to David, of which he was to choose one, a famine of seven years, or he should flee three months before his enemies, or a pestilence should be in the land three days (2 Sam. 24:11-13). Elijah stretched himself upon the son of the widow three times (1 Kings 17:21). Elijah commanded them to pour water upon the burnt-offering, and upon the wood three times, and they poured it three times (1 Kings 18:34). Jonah was in the belly of the whale three days and three nights (Jonah 1:17; Matthew 12:40). Daniel mourned three weeks (Dan. 10:2, 3, 4). The third year was the year of tenths (Deuteronomy 26:12). The Lord said of the man who planted a vineyard, that he sent his servants three times, and afterwards his son (Mark 12:2-6; Luke 20:12, 13). The Lord said to Peter, that before the cock should crow twice, he would deny him thrice (Matthew 26:34, 69, to the end; Luke 22:34, 57-61; John 13:38). The Lord said three times to Peter, Lovest thou me? and feed my lambs and my sheep; and the third time Peter was grieved (John 21:15, 16, 17). The Lord said, that the kingdom of heaven was like to leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, until the whole was leavened (Matthew 13:33; Luke 13:21). The Lord said, I do cures to-day and to-morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected (Luke 13:32, 33). The Lord said that He should be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights (Matthew 12:40). He said that He should rise again the third day (Matthew 16:21; 17:22, 23; 20:18, 19; Luke 18:32, 33; 24:46). He said that He was able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days (Matthew 26:61; 27:40; John 2:19, 20). He prayed three times in Gethsemane (Matthew 26:39, 42, 44); He was crucified at the third hour (Mark 15:25); and then there was darkness over the whole land for three hours, from the sixth hour to the ninth, when He said, it is finished, and expired (Matthew 27:45; Mark 15:33, 37; John 19:30). The Lord rose again the third day (Matthew 28:1; Mark 16:2; Luke 24:1; John 20:1).

[6] It is evident from these references that the number three signified what was consummated or complete to the end, and therefore an entire period, greater or less, from beginning to end. From this simple number many compound numbers derive their significations, as 6, 9, 12, 60, 72, which consequently signify all truths and goods in the aggregate. Similarly the numbers 30, 300, 3000; for, as shown above, the compound numbers derive their significations from the simple numbers of which they are compounded. Moreover, it is to be observed, that the number three, in the Word, is used in reference to truths, and two and four, to goods. The reason of this is that two and four signify conjunction, while three signifies fulness; and spiritual conjunction is love, and all good is of love, and spiritual fulness is formed by means of truths. Those who do not know that all numbers in the Word are significative, think and believe that nothing more is meant when the numbers two and three, also three and four, are mentioned, than two and three, or a few, whereas they denote all who are in good and truth, as in the following passages.

[7] Thus, in Isaiah:

"Gleaming grapes shall be left in it, as in the shaking of an olive tree, two-three berries in the top of the bough, four-five in the branches of the fruit-bearing [olive]" (17:6).

The subject here is the vastation of the church, and these words are said of the remaining few who are in good and truth. Comparison is made with the shaking of an olive tree, because the olive tree signifies the church as to the good of love, and the branches the truths therefrom. Two-three signify the few who are in good, and thence in truths, two denoting good, and three denoting truths; and four-five signify the few who are in good, four denoting those who are in good, and five denoting few. And because four-five signify the few who are in good, therefore it is said, four-five, in the branches of the fruit-bearing [olive], the fruit-bearing olive signifying those in the church who are in good as to life; and in consequence of this signification of those numbers, it is said two-three, four-five, and not two and three, four and five.

[8] So in Amos:

"Two-three cities wandered into one city, to drink waters, but yet they were not satisfied" (4:8).

This is said respecting the defect of truth at the end of the church, and means that they who then desire truth from a spiritual affection will not find any in doctrines, wherever they may enquire. It is therefore said, "two-three cities wandered into one city, to drink waters, but yet they were not satisfied." By two-three cities are signified those who are in the affection of truth from good. City signifies the truth of doctrine. By drinking waters is signified to learn truths; by wandering is signified to enquire; and by not being satisfied is signified not to find truth which in itself is truth. Two-three cities are mentioned, because by two-three are signified those who are in good and thence in truths.

[9] So in Zechariah:

"It shall come to pass, that in all the earth, two parts therein shall be cut off, they shall expire; but the third shall be left therein. Yet I will bring the third part through the fire, and will try them" (13:8, 9).

Here also the subject is the vastation of the church as to good. That all good is about to perish is signified by its being said, "In all the earth two parts therein shall be cut off, and they shall expire," in the whole earth denoting the church universal, and two parts all good. That something of truth would remain, but scarcely any genuine truth, is signified by, "The third part shall be left therein, yet I will bring the third part through the fire, and will prove them." By the third part are meant the remaining truths; proving the genuineness of these is signified by bringing them through the fire. To prove by fire is to prove by the affection of love, with which if the truth does not agree it is not genuine truth, for fire, in the Word, signifies love; when the good of love perishes, the truth also becomes not truth, because all truth derives its essence from good.

[10] The signification of these words of the Lord in Matthew is therefore evident:

"Where two and three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them" (18:20).

Here, two and three do not mean two and three, but they who are in good and in truths thence; neither by the name of the Lord is meant His name, but all the good of love and the truth of faith by which He is worshipped (see above, n. 102, 135).

[11] From this also the signification of the words of the Lord in Luke is evident:

"From henceforth there shall be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three" (12:52).

These words mean, that after the coming of the Lord, when He Himself has become known, and the interior things of the Word have been revealed by Him, and with Him, then both in the church in general, and with the man of the church in particular, there will be dissension between good and truth, and between truth and good. This is understood by five being divided in one house, three against two, and two against three; house denoting the church in general, and with the man of the church in particular, and three denoting truths, and two denoting goods. The statement that five shall be divided, signifies that such dissension shall exist with those who are reformed; therefore, it follows also that "the father shall be divided against the son, and the son against the father; the mother against the daughter, and the daughter against the mother" (ver. 53). For father signifies the good of the church, son the truth of the church, mother the truth of the church, and daughter its good. Who cannot see that the numbers five, two, and three, would not be mentioned here unless they were significative? Five, in the Word, when two and three follow, signifies all those; but when preceded or followed by the numbers ten or twenty, five then signifies some and few.

[12] Similar things are meant in the precept of the decalogue by "the third and fourth generation," or by "the third and fourth sons," upon whom Jehovah will visit the iniquity of the parents (Exodus 20:5; Num. 14:18; Deuteronomy 5:9, 10). By the third and fourth generation are signified all who are in falsities from evil. The third generation signifies those who are in falsities of evil, and the fourth generation those who are in evils of falsity; for, in the opposite sense, three signifies falsities, and four evils. Who does not see that it would be contrary to the Divine justice to visit the iniquity of the parents upon the sons, even to the third and fourth generation? For the Lord teaches that "The soul that sinneth, it shall die; the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son; the justice of the just shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him" (Ezekiel 18:20; Deuteronomy 24:16; 2 Kings 14:6). It is evident therefore, that the expression third and fourth generation does not mean third and fourth generation, but that which those numbers signify. Similar things are signified by "For three and four transgressions" (Amos 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1, 4, 6). From this it is evident how great are the interior things contained merely in numbers in the Word, and these things no one can know without the spiritual sense.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.