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耶利米哀歌 2

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1 主何竟發怒,使黑雲遮蔽錫安城!他將以色列的華美從扔在上;在他發怒的日子並不記念自己的腳凳

2 雅各一切的住處,並不顧惜。他發怒傾覆猶大民的保障,使這保障坍倒在;他辱沒這國和其中的首領。

3 他發烈怒,把以色列的角全然砍斷,在仇敵面前收回右手。他像焰四圍吞滅,將雅各燒毀。

4 他張好像仇敵;他站著舉起右手,如同敵人將悅人眼目的,盡行殺戮。在錫安百姓的帳棚上倒出他的忿怒,像一樣。

5 主如仇敵以色列和錫安的一切宮殿,拆毀百姓的保障;在猶大民中加增悲傷哭號。

6 他強取自己的帳幕,好像是園中的窩棚,毀壞他的聚會之處。耶和華使聖節和安息日在錫安都被忘記,又在怒氣的憤恨中藐視君王和祭司。

7 耶和華丟棄自己的祭壇,憎惡自己的聖所,將宮殿的牆垣交付仇敵。他們在耶和華的殿中喧嚷,像在聖會之日一樣。

8 耶和華定意拆毀錫安的城牆;他拉了準繩,不將收回,定要毀滅。他使外郭和城牆都悲哀,一同衰敗。

9 錫安的都陷入內;將她的閂毀壞,折斷。她的君王和首領落在沒有律法的列國中;她的先知不得見耶和華的異象

10 錫安城的長老上默默無聲;他們揚起塵土落在上,腰束麻布耶路撒冷處女

11 我眼中流淚,以致失明,我的心腸擾亂,膽塗,都因我眾民遭毀滅,又因孩童和吃奶的在城內街上發昏。

12 那時,他們在城內街上發昏,好像受傷的,在母親的裡,將要喪命;對母親:穀、酒在哪裡呢?

13 耶路撒冷的民哪,我可用甚麼向你證明呢?我可用甚麼與你相比呢?錫安的民哪,我可拿甚麼和你比較,好安慰你呢?因為你的裂口,誰能醫治你呢?

14 你的先知為你見虛假和愚昧的異象,並沒有顯露你的罪孽,使你被擄的歸回;卻為你見虛假的默示和使你被趕出本境的緣故。

15 凡過的都向你拍掌。他們向耶路撒冷城嗤笑,搖:難道人所稱為全美的,稱為全所喜悅的,就是這城嗎?

16 你的仇敵都向你大大張;他們嗤笑,又切齒:我們滅她。這真是我們所盼望的日子臨到了!我們親眼見了!

17 耶和華成就了他所定的,應驗了他古時所命定的。他傾覆了,並不顧惜,使你的仇敵向你誇耀;使你敵人的角也被高舉。

18 錫安民的哀求主。錫安的城牆啊,願你淚如,晝夜不息;願你眼中的瞳人淚不止。

19 夜間,每逢交更的時候要起來呼喊,在主面前傾。你的孩童在各市口上受餓發昏;你要為他們的性命向主舉手禱告。

20 耶和華啊,求你觀!見你向誰這樣行?婦人豈可自己所生育手裡所搖弄的嬰孩嗎?祭司和先知豈可在主的聖所中被殺戮嗎?

21 少年人和老年人都在街上躺臥;我的處女和壯丁都倒在刀下;你發怒的日子殺死他們。你殺了,並不顧惜。

22 你招聚四圍驚嚇我的,像在大會的日子招聚人一樣。耶和華發怒的日子,無人逃脫,無人存留。我所搖弄所養育的嬰孩,仇敵都殺淨了。

   

스웨덴보그의 저서에서

 

属天的奥秘 #921

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921. “挪亚筑了一座祭坛给耶和华” 表主的一个代表. 这一点从刚才所述清楚可知. 古教会的所有宗教仪式都是主的代表, 如犹太教会那样. 但后世的主要代表是祭坛和燔祭. 献燔祭要用洁净的畜类和洁净的鸟类, 它们照各自的意义而具有代表性, 洁净的畜类表仁之善, 洁净的鸟类表信之真. 当古教会成员献上这些东西时, 就表示他们正在向主献上这些善与真的礼物. 只有将这些东西献给主才会讨祂喜悦. 而他们的后代, 如外邦人, 还有犹太人, 却败坏了这些祭物, 甚至不知道它们具有这样的意义. 他们的敬拜仅仅局限于外在事物.

这个祭坛是主的主要代表. 这一点可从以下事实清楚看出来, 即在设立其它仪式, 制作约柜, 建造圣殿之前, 连外邦人当中也有祭坛. 这可从亚伯兰明显看出来, 如他来到伯特利东边的山上, 在那里筑了一座坛, 求告耶和华的名 (创世记 12:8); 后来他被吩咐把以撒作为燔祭献在坛上 (创世记 22:2, 9), 雅各 (Jacob) 在路斯或伯特利筑了一座坛 (创世记 35:6, 7); 摩西在西奈山下筑了一座坛, 并献燔祭 (出埃及记 24:4-6). 所有这一切都发生在设立犹太人的祭祀和制作约柜之前, 后来在旷野有约柜的地方举行敬拜. 外邦人中也有祭坛的事实同样从巴兰明显看出来, 巴兰对巴勒说, 他当筑七座坛, 预备七只牛和七只羊 (民数记 23:1-7, 15-18, 29, 30); 还可从摧毁列国祭坛的命令明显看出来 (申命记 7:5; 士师记 2:2). 所以, 用祭坛和燔祭进行神圣敬拜并非犹太人所创的新鲜事. 事实上, 就在人们想宰杀小公牛和其它动物作祭品以示纪念之前, 他们就在筑坛了.

“祭坛” 表主的一个代表, 因此 “献燔祭” 表敬拜祂. 这一点明显可见于先知书, 如在摩西书中, 当论及拥有祭司职位的利未时:

他们要将你的典章教训雅各, 将你的律法教训以色列. 他们要把香焚在你鼻孔前, 把全牲的燔祭献在你的坛上. (申命记 33:10)

这段经文表敬拜的全部. “将你的典章教训雅各 (Jacob), 将你的律法教训以色列” 表内在敬拜, 而 “要把香焚在你鼻孔前, 把全牲的燔祭献在你的坛上” 则表相应的外在敬拜, 因而表敬拜的全部. 以赛亚书:

当那日, 人必仰望造他们的主, 眼目重看以色列的圣者. 他必不仰望祭坛, 就是自己手所筑的. (以赛亚书 17:7, 8)

此处 “仰望祭坛” 明显表示要被废除的一般代表性敬拜. 又:

当那日, 在埃及陆地中间必有为耶和华筑的一座坛, 在埃及的边界上必有为耶和华立的一根柱. (以赛亚书 19:19)

此处 “祭坛” 同样表外在敬拜.

耶利米哀歌:

主丢弃自己的祭坛, 憎恶自己的圣所. (耶利米哀歌 1:7)

“祭坛” 表变成偶像崇拜的代表性敬拜. 何西阿书:

以法莲为赎罪增添祭坛, 因此, 它们成了使他犯罪的祭坛. (何西阿书 8:11)

此处 “祭坛” 表脱离内在敬拜的所有代表性敬拜, 因而表偶像崇拜之物. 又:

亚文的高丘, 就是以色列取罪的地方, 必被毁灭. 荆棘和蒺藜必长在他们的祭坛上. (何西阿书 10:8)

此处 “祭坛” 也表偶像崇拜. 阿摩司书:

我讨罚以色列罪孽的日子, 也要讨罚伯特利的祭坛, 祭坛的角必被砍下. (阿摩司书 3:14)

此处 “祭坛” 同样表已变成偶像崇拜的代表性敬拜.

诗篇:

求你带我到你的圣山, 到你的居所! 我就走到神的祭坛, 到我最喜乐的神那里. (诗篇 43:3, 4)

此处 “祭坛” 明显表示主. 在古时和犹太教会, 制作一个祭坛表示主的一个代表. 由于对主的敬拜主要通过燔祭和祭物来进行, 因而这些事物表示主要的代表性敬拜, 故显而易见, 祭坛本身表示这种代表性敬拜本身.

  
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Thanks to our friends at swedenborgwork.com for their permission to use this translation on the New Christian Bible Study site. ( 衷心感谢”史威登堡著作中文网”许可我们使用该中文译文)

스웨덴보그의 저서에서

 

Arcana Coelestia #3382

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3382. 'And practiced My observances, My commandments, My statutes, and My laws' means through revelations constantly coming from Himself; that is to say, as by means of temptations, so also by means of those revelations He united the Divine Essence to the Human Essence. This becomes clear from the fact that 'practicing observances, commandments, statutes, and laws' implies all aspects of the Word - 'observances' being everything in general there, 'commandments' the internal aspects, 'statutes' the external, and 'laws' every specific detail. Because all these are attributed to the Lord who from eternity has been the Word and is the author of them all, the meaning in the internal sense cannot be His practice of them but that He revealed them to Himself when His state was one in which the Human and the Divine had become united.

[2] At first sight these matters do indeed seem to be quite remote from the sense of the letter, or even from the internal sense closest to the letter. All the same, when these words are read by man, this is the meaning those same words have in heaven, for as stated several times already, and as may be seen from the examples in 1873, 1874, the sense of the letter is laid aside as it rises up towards heaven and another heavenly sense takes its place, with the result that this latter sense cannot be recognized as that which arises out of the former. For the idea in the minds of those in heaven is that everything in the internal sense of the Word has to do with the Lord, and also that everything in the Word comes from the Lord. Also in their minds is the idea that even when He was in the world He thought from the Divine, and so from Himself, and acquired all intelligence and wisdom to Himself through revelations constantly coming from the Divine. Consequently they do not perceive anything other than this from the words used here. For the practice of all things of the Word, internal as well as external, meant by 'practicing the observances, commandments, statutes, and laws' is not applicable to the Lord because He Himself was the Word and therefore He Himself was the observance that was to be practiced; He Himself was the commandment, also the statute, and the law. For all these have regard to Him as the First from whom they spring and the Last to whom they lead. In the highest sense therefore these words can mean nothing else than the uniting of the Lord's Divine to His Human by means of revelations constantly coming from Himself. For unlike any others the Lord thought from the Divine, and so from Himself, see 1904, 1914, 1935, and acquired intelligence and wisdom to Himself by means of revelations constantly coming from the Divine, 1616, 2500, 2523, 2632.

[3] As regards 'practicing observances' meaning in the genuine sense all aspects of the Word in general, 'commandments' the internal aspects of the Word, 'statutes' the external aspects of the Word, and 'laws' every specific detail in the Word, this becomes clear from many places when seen in the internal sense. Let some of these be brought in here, such as the following in David,

Blessed are the blameless in the way, walking in the law of Jehovah; blessed are those who keep His testimonies. O that my ways were directed to keep Your statutes! I will keep Your statutes; do not forsake me utterly. With my whole heart I have sought You; cause me not to wander from Your commandments. I have laid up Your Word in my heart, that I might not sin against You. Blessed are You, O Jehovah; teach me Your statutes! With my lips I have declared all the judgements of Your mouth. I take delight in the way of Your testimonies. I meditate on Your commands and look to Your ways. I delight in Your statutes, I do not forget Your Word. Recompense Your servant that I may live and keep Your Word. Open my eyes that I may see wondrous things out of Your law. Do not hide Your commandments from me. Quicken me according to Your Word. Teach me Your statutes. Make me understand the way of [Your] commands. Psalms 119:1-27.

The subject in the whole of this psalm is the Word and the things that constitute the Word, which plainly are commandments, statutes, judgements, testimonies, commands, and ways. But the specific meaning of each of these cannot possibly be seen from the sense of the letter. In that sense they are scarcely more than repetitions of the same thing, but it may be seen from the internal sense in which 'commandments' has an altogether different meaning from 'statutes'; and 'judgements', 'testimonies', 'commands', and 'ways' each have a different meaning again. Something similar occurs elsewhere in the same author,

The law of Jehovah is perfect, restoring the soul; the testimony of Jehovah is sure, making wise the simple; the commands of Jehovah are right, rejoicing the heart; the commandment of Jehovah is pure, enlightening the eyes; the fear of Jehovah is clean, standing for ever; the judgements of Jehovah are truth. Psalms 19:7-9.

And in the Book of Kings,

David said to Solomon, You shall practise the observance of your God, to walk in His ways, to keep His statutes, and His commandments, and His judgements, and His testimonies, as it is written in the law of Moses. 1 Kings 2:3.

'Practicing an observance' stands for all aspects of the Word in general, for this expression comes first, and those that follow are related to it as less general aspects. Actually 'practicing observances' means the same as 'keeping what has to be kept'. In Moses,

You shall love Jehovah your God, and you shall practice His observance, and His statutes and judgements, and His commandments, all your days. Deuteronomy 11:1.

Here 'practising an observance' or keeping something that is to be kept in a similar way stands for all aspects of the Word in general, 'statutes' for the external aspects of the Word such as forms of ritual, and things that are representatives and meaningful signs of the internal sense, but 'commandments' for the internal aspects of the Word such as matters of life and teaching, especially those that belong to the internal sense. But the meaning of commandments and statutes will in the Lord's Divine mercy be discussed elsewhere.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.