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Dommernes 18

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1 I de dager var det ingen konge i Israel; og i de samme dager søkte danittenes stamme sig en arvelodd til å bo i, for det var ikke til den dag tilfalt dem nogen arv blandt Israels stammer*. / {* d.e. den dem ifølge JOS 19, 40 fg. tildelte arv var ennu ikke kommet i deres eie.}

2 Og Dans barn sendte ut fem menn av hele sin ætt, djerve menn fra Sora og Estaol, for å speide og utforske landet, og de sa til dem: Dra avsted og utforsk landet! Og de kom til Efra'im-fjellet, til Mikas hus, og blev der om natten.

3 Da de var tett ved Mikas hus, kjente de den unge manns - levittens - røst, bøide av fra veien og gikk bort til ham og sa: Hvem har ført dig hit, og hvad gjør du her, og hvorledes har du det her?

4 Han svarte: Så og så har Mika gjort mot mig; han har leid mig til å være prest for sig.

5 Da sa de til ham: Kjære, spør Gud for oss, sa vi kan få vite om den reise vi nu gjør, skal lykkes!

6 Da sa presten til dem: Far i fred! Gud har øie med eder på den reise I gjør.

7 De fem menn drog nu sin vei og kom til La'is, og de så at folket der levde sorgløst på samme vis som sidonierne, rolig og sorgløst; det var ingen makthaver i landet som gjorde dem noget mén; de var langt borte fra sidonierne og hadde intet å gjøre med noget menneske.

8 Da de så kom tilbake til sine brødre i Sora og Estaol, sa deres brødre til dem: Hvorledes er det gått eder?

9 De sa: Kom, la oss dra op mot dem! Vi har sett landet: Det er et ypperlig land. Og I sitter bare og tier? Vær ikke sene til å dra avsted, så I kan komme dit og innta landet!

10 Når I kommer dit, kommer I til et sorgløst folk, og landet strekker sig til alle sider vidt ut; Gud har gitt det i eders hånd - et land hvor det ikke er mangel på nogen verdens ting.

11 Så brøt seks hundre menn av danittenes ætt fullt væbnet op derfra, fra Sora og Estaol.

12 De drog op og leiret sig i Kirjat-Jearim i Juda; derfor har folk kalt dette sted Dans leir til denne dag, det ligger vestenfor Kirjat-Jearim.

13 Derfra drog de over til Efra'im-fjellet og kom til Mikas hus.

14 Og de fem menn som hadde draget avsted for å utspeide La'islandet, tok til orde og sa til sine brødre: Vet I at i disse hus er det en livkjortel og husguder og et utskåret billede med et støpt fotstykke til? Så skjønner I vel hvad I har å gjøre?

15 Så bøide de av fra veien og gikk bort til den unge manns - levittens - hus, til Mikas hus, og hilste på ham.

16 Men de seks hundre fullt væbnede menn av Dans barn stod ved inngangen til porten.

17 Og de fem menn som hadde draget avsted for å utspeide landet, steg op og gikk inn og tok det utskårne billede og livkjortelen og husgudene og det støpte fotstykke, mens presten stod ved inngangen til porten sammen med de seks hundre fullt væbnede menn.

18 Da nu de fem menn hadde gått inn i Mikas hus og hadde tatt det utskårne billede med livkjortelen og husgudene og det støpte fotstykke, sa presten til dem: Hvad er det I gjør?

19 De sa til ham: Ti, legg din hånd på din munn og kom med oss og vær far og prest for oss! Hvad er best for dig, å være prest for en manns hus eller for en hel stamme og ætt i Israel?

20 Da blev presten vel til mote; han tok livkjortelen og husgudene og det utskårne billede og gav sig i lag med folkene.

21 Så vendte de sig og drog bort, og de lot barna og buskapen og sine eiendeler være fremst i toget.

22 Da de alt var kommet langt fra Mikas hus, blev mennene i Mikas grend kalt sammen, og de innhentet Dans barn.

23 De ropte efter Dans barn, og disse vendte sig om og sa til Mika: Hvad vil du siden du har kalt dine folk sammen?

24 Han svarte: I har tatt mine guder som jeg har gjort mig, og presten med, og har draget bort; hvad har jeg så tilbake? Hvorledes kan I da spørre mig hvad jeg vil?

25 Da sa Dans barn til ham: La oss ikke høre et ord av dig mere, ellers kunde rasende menn falle over eder, så du kom til å volde undergang både for dig og dine.

26 Så drog Dans barn sin vei, og da Mika så at de var sterkere enn han, vendte han om og drog tilbake til sitt hus.

27 Da de nu hadde tatt de ting som Mika hadde latt gjøre, og presten som var hos ham, kom de over La'is - over et folk som levde rolig og sorgløst. De slo dem med sverdets egg, og byen brente de op.

28 Og der var ingen som kom dem til hjelp; for byen lå langt fra Sidon, og de hadde intet å gjøre med noget menneske. Den lå i dalen ved Bet- ehob. De bygget den op igjen og bosatte sig der.

29 Og de kalte byen Dan efter sin stamfar Dan, Israels sønn; før het den La'is.

30 Der satte Dans barn op det utskårne billede; og Jonatan, sønn av Gersom, Moses' sønn*, og hans efterkommere var prester for danittenes stamme like til den dag da landets innbyggere blev bortført. / {* 2MO 2, 22; 18, 3.}

31 Det utskårne billede som Mika hadde gjort, hadde de stående hos sig hele den tid Guds hus var i Silo.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 18

От New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

The Tribe of Dan Adopts Micah’s Idolatry

This chapter shows the way in which one person’s distortion of truth, turning it into a falsity, can have severe consequences on a larger scale.

The tribe of Dan – one of the twelve tribes of Israel – was given land to the west, by the coast, but they found it hard to hold on to. The name of the tribe of Dan means ‘to judge’, but if judgment isn't based on the Word there will be chaos. (Arcana Caelestia 842)

Faced with competition for their homeland, the tribal leaders of Dan went looking for a place for themselves elsewhere. They sent five men of valour to spy out the land. These men came to Micah’s house, and they recognised the voice of the young Levite there. They questioned him about his situation, and he told them that Micah had hired him to be a priest to his household. The men of Dan asked the Levite to ask the Lord if their search would be prosperous, and he told them that it would be.

The spiritual meaning of this part of the chapter is to do with an intensifying wrongness. At the textual level, there is reference to the Lord, and an apparent normality in what takes place. But underlying it, there's a wrongness, which will become apparent later in the chapter. The pointers to it here are the five men from Dan, them coming straight to Micah’s house, and the hiring of a priest.

The number ‘five’ has a good meaning in many parts of the Word, but it can also have a bad meaning, as it does here. In this context, it stands for only a little, for disunion and the destruction of the Word (Apocalypse Revealed 738).

Coming directly to Micah’s house and recognising the Levite brings together two evil intentions: Micah’s idol and the men of Dan’s search to take a home for themselves. An example for us could be where two people plot to seek the harm of a third person. (Arcana Caelestia 4724)

The hiring of a priest is something disallowed, for priests are there to serve the Lord and they are provided for by the people, not to be hired. Hiring, spiritually, stands for seeking reward for what you do, whereas the true reward is heaven for those who serve without expecting a reward. (Arcana Caelestia 8002)

The five men leave Micah's house, and go on to Laish in the far north, where there are people who dwell securely in peace and without rulers, far from others and with no ties. Laish means ‘fearless and kneaded together’. It is a picture of perfection, of heaven. (Divine Love and Wisdom 200)

The five men then return to their tribe of Dan and report about Laish. They say that it is ideal for the taking because it has plenty of land and its people are secure. They say that “God has given it into your hands”.

Six hundred men of the tribe of Dan set out and they too, come to the house of Micah. The five spies tell them about the idols and they meet and greet the young Levite. Then the five spies go in and take all the idols in the house. The Levite joins up with the men from Dan and they go on together.

One spiritual meaning in the story is that evil (Dan, gone bad) loves to destroy peace and innocence (Laish).

The complete loss to Micah of all his idols and his hired priest, shows, too, that in fully turning to evil, there is the final loss of everything that might bring a person back. (Arcana Caelestia 9039)

People living near Micah go and accost the men of Dan about what they have taken -- but Micah is told to stop complaining or his household will be killed.

The Danites leave, and go and capture Laish, killing and burning, and re-naming the city Dan. There they set up the images and appoint priests. These images remain in Dan all the time that the house of God is in Shiloh.

The spiritual meaning of one evil or falsity becoming greater or more numerous is in the way that we might hold a negative emotion or a distorted view in our mind where it then spreads to other emotions and views we have and brings them into greater evil and falsity. This is the intention of evil and also of hell’s influence, to extend it to be as widespread as possible.

This is the outcome of everything that has developed through this and the previous chapter. It describes the spread of evil to become a terrible force for destruction and spiritually, for an individual person, for self-destruction. In the context of the decline of Israel to where ‘everyone did what was right in their own eyes’ this progression presents the pathway and process of that spiritual loss. (Divine Providence 19)

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Arcana Coelestia #3732

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3732. 'Jacob made a vow, saying' means a state of Providence. This is clear from the meaning of 'making a vow' in the internal sense as wishing the Lord to provide; and therefore in the highest sense, in which the Lord is the subject, a state of Providence is meant. The reason why in the internal sense 'making a vow' means wishing the Lord to provide is that present within vows there is a desire and affection that what is wished for may come about, thus that the Lord may provide it. Within them something of a bargain is present, and at the same time on man's part something of a bounden duty to keep his side of it, should he obtain his desire. This was the case with Jacob, in that Jehovah was to be his God, and the stone which he placed as a pillar was to be God's house, and he would devote a tenth of everything He had given him, if Jehovah guarded him on the road, gave him bread to eat and clothing to wear, and he went back in peace to his father's house. From this it is evident that the vows made in those times were particular agreements, involving primarily men's acknowledgement of God as their God if He provided them with what they desired, and involving also their repayment to Him with some gift if He did provide it.

[2] That state of affairs shows quite clearly what the fathers of the Jewish nation were like. They were like Jacob here, who did not as yet acknowledge Jehovah and was still at the stage of choosing whether to acknowledge Him or some other as his own God. It was a special feature of that nation, even of their fathers, that everyone wished to have his own God; and anyone who worshipped Jehovah worshipped Him merely as some god called Jehovah, the name which distinguished Him from the gods of other nations. Accordingly their worship even in this respect was idolatrous, for the worship of the name only, even of Jehovah's, is nothing but idolatrous, 1094. This is like people who call themselves Christians and say that they worship Christ, but do not live according to His commandments. They worship Him in an idolatrous way since they worship only His name, it being a false Christ whom they worship; reference to that false Christ is made in Matthew 24:23-24 - see 3010.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.