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John 21:15-25 : Feed my lambs, Feed my sheep

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15 So when they had dined, Jesus saith to Simon Peter, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my lambs.

16 He saith to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my sheep.

17 He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? Peter was grieved because he said unto him the third time, Lovest thou me? And he said unto him, Lord, thou knowest all things; thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus saith unto him, Feed my sheep.

18 Verily, verily, I say unto thee, When thou wast young, thou girdedst thyself, and walkedst whither thou wouldest: but when thou shalt be old, thou shalt stretch forth thy hands, and another shall gird thee, and carry thee whither thou wouldest not.

19 This spake he, signifying by what death he should glorify God. And when he had spoken this, he saith unto him, Follow me.

20 Then Peter, turning about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved following; which also leaned on his breast at supper, and said, Lord, which is he that betrayeth thee?

21 Peter seeing him saith to Jesus, Lord, and what shall this man do?

22 Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee? follow thou me.

23 Then went this saying abroad among the brethren, that that disciple should not die: yet Jesus said not unto him, He shall not die; but, If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee?

24 This is the disciple which testifieth of these things, and wrote these things: and we know that his testimony is true.

25 And there are also many other things which Jesus did, the which, if they should be written every one, I suppose that even the world itself could not contain the books that should be written. Amen.

Коментар

 

Разговор након доручка

Од стране Joe David (машински преведен у Srpski, Српски)

This inscription is on a stone at the church hall in South Ronaldsey, in the Orkneys, northeast of Scotland.

Разговор након доручка

(Коментар о Јеванђеље по Јовану 21:15-25)

 

У првом делу овог поглавља седам ученика се вратило кући у Галилеју. Они су отишли на пецање, видели Исуса на обали, следили његовим упутствима да пецају с десне стране чамца, извукли су мрежу напуњену 153 рибом на обалу и ... како почиње друга половина поглавља, управо су имали завршили су брзи раст са Њим. Сада се опуштају.

Исус каже Петру: "Да ли ме волиш?" и Петар, можда мало запрепашћен питањем, мислећи да је одговор очит, одговара „да“, а Исус одговара: „Нахрани моја јагњета“. Још два пута овај низ се понавља, али са неким изменама. Затим, након овог необичног разговора, Господин им свима говори малу присподобу о томе да буду млади и касније остареју. Тада Господ говори Петру да га слиједи, а Петар, наизглед љубоморан, пита шта Иван треба да ради. Господ благо побија Петрову љубомору рекавши: "Ако овај човек посегне док ја не дођем шта вам је то?", Али тада каже и Ивану да га следи.

Коначно, Иваново еванђеље, и заиста збирка сва четири еванђеља, затвара се објашњењем Јована да је писац овог еванђеља.

Дакле, погледајмо пажљивије у разговору, присподобама и избијању љубоморе.

У овом делу приче помињу се само два од седам ученика, Петар и Јован. Петар представља веру или истину, али истина о духовним стварима у које стварно верујемо од Бога. Јован представља добро или љубав према ближњем. Прво пребива у делу који разуме, а други у вољи.

Говорећи Петру да храни овце, Господ каже да следити Њега значи проповедати истине које сви ученици сада знају о Господу, његовом доласку и о томе како треба водити живот, како би могао бити следбеник Господ у новој цркви. У разговору је Господин директан и сондиран. "Симон, Јонасов сине, волиш ли ме више од овога?" Мислим да се Петра пита да ли воли Господа, Исуса, више него што воли своје колеге галилејске пријатеље, иако је то двосмислено, може ли значити „да ли ме волиш више од ових шесторице?“ Када Петар одговори први пут каже: "Господе, знаш да те волим."

Уз ово прво од три пробна питања, Господин одговара „Храните моја јагњета“, док је након тога одговор „Храните моје овце“. Овце и јагње обоје представљају људе који воле љубав према добру, али док овце значе оне који воле чинити добро ради ближњег, јагње значе оне који чине добро зарад Господа. Прво је духовно добро, а друго више, и назива се небеско добро. Али људи који у почетку желе чинити добро не знају шта је добро; они то морају научити из Речи и бити поучени. Због тога се Петру каже да их „нахрани“, што значи да истина мора указивати на то колико добро треба учинити. Да би се урадиле добре ствари, мора се повезати жеља воље и разумевање како се то може решити. За успешан хришћански живот, или у већем обиму, хришћанска црква, "Петар" и "Јован", морају да раде у складу.

Затим долази парабола. "Када сте били млади, сами сте се спремили и радили оно што сте желели. Али када постанете стари, морате посегнути за помоћ и други ће вас одвести тамо где не желите да идете."

Изгледа да се овде не уклапа, али наравно да јесте, и на два начина. Први начин је дат у библијском тексту; говори о Господиновој смрти да су га сва пророчанства водила ка његовом распећу, као што је већ поменуто. Други начин је лекција за све нас. Када смо млади, самоуверени и јаки, осећамо да можемо радити оно што желимо и није нам потребна никаква помоћ. Искушења да чинимо зло с којима се ми сами можемо суочити. Али кад будемо мудрији схватамо да сва наша снага долази од Господара, и ако наставимо да зависимо само од нас самих, искушења из пакла ће бити прејака и ми ћемо бити приморани да радимо оно што пакао желе за нас, а не оно што желимо. Морамо научити у почетку да следимо Господа и да зависимо од Њега. То каже на крају присподобе, где се чини да се не уклапа док не разумијемо присподобу. "А кад је то рекао, он им каже: слиједите ме." То је оно што такође морамо да урадимо.

Петар је сретан што проповиједа истину и можда осјећа да је издвојен, али такође схвата да Јован такође воли Господа и да је вољен заузврат. Па пита: "А шта овај човек треба да ради?" Изгледа да потребна хармонија још увек није присутна и да је Петер љубоморан на везу, и вероватно се нада да ће му бити осигурано да је број један ... али то се неће догодити. Петру је једноставно речено да то није важно; он мора да ради посао који му је дат.

Подсећам на причу о Јакову и Езаву, у Постанак 25, где је Езав прворођени и наследиће од Изак-а право рођења и благослов. Јаков занатом који је осмислила његова мајка превари Изака и краде оно што је Езав. Затим бежи у Падан-Арам и тамо остаје са ујаком и постаје богат. Тек се на повратку, када се бори са анђелом, а име му је промењено у Израел, поново среће са Изавом. Промјена имена значи да сада када је Јаков богат истином из Речи, сада пријатељским сусретом са Езавом, такође богатим, да се два близанаца могу у присподоби спојити у једну личност, звану Израел, што значи спајање добра и истина у уму.

Езав значи нешто слично Ивану, оба представљају доброту или истинску љубав. Јаков значи нешто слично Петру, оба представљају истину научену из Речи. Свако наизглед непријатељство између њих око тога што је важније може их учинити и бескорисним, а код особе која постаје анђеоска (као што би сви требали тежити) нема непријатељства. Истина омогућава добро, а добро надахњује истину да би се нешто постигло. Иако о њима можемо засебно мислити и говорити, они су (савршено у Господу, а мање речено у анђелима) спојени у јединство како бисмо могли да буду ожењени. Брак Божијег добра и Божанске истине је извор свега створења. Да, све креација.

Овај брак добра и истине и потреба да обоје радимо у нашим животима, у равнотежи и хармонији, темељни је новохришћански концепт.

У Еванђељима постоји само још једна прича која се дешава после ове. У њему се остали ученици придружују овде поменутим седморицама да чују последње Господове заповести.

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Apocalypse Explained # 9

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9. When one knows that all names in the Word signify things, and that the names of the twelve sons of Jacob, or of the twelve tribes, signify all truths and goods of the church in the complex; and in like manner, the names of the twelve disciples of the Lord; and that "Peter," "James," and "John" signify faith, charity, and the good of charity; he can see many arcana in the Word; as for example, why:

The Lord gave the name Peter to Simon, and to James and John the name Boanerges, which means sons of thunder (Mark 3:16-17).

For "Peter," like petra [rock], signifies the Lord as to truth from good, or faith from charity; and "sons of thunder" signify those who from affection, which is of love, receive the truths of heaven. (That "rock" signifies the Lord in respect to truth from good, or faith from charity, see Arcana Coelestia 8581, 10580; in like manner the "stone of Israel," n. 6426; that "thunders" signify Divine truths from heaven 7573, 8914; and "lightning" the splendors thereof, n. 8813; whence thunders were also called "voices," 7573, 8914)

[2] I will here mention some arcana that may be seen by those who are aware that "Peter" signifies faith, and "John" the good of charity. First, why the Lord said to Peter:

I also say unto thee, Thou art Peter, and upon this rock will I build My church; and I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of the heavens (Matthew 16:18-19).

It appears from the letter, as if that power was given to Peter, when in fact no power was given to Peter; but it was so said to him because "Peter" signified truth from good, which is from the Lord; and truth from good, which is from the Lord, has all power, thus the Lord has all power from good through truth. (That this is so may be seen illustrated in the small work on The Last Judgment 57.) A second arcanum that may be seen, when it is known that "Peter" signifies faith, is, why the Lord said to him, that:

Before the cock crowed, he would deny Him thrice; which also came to pass (Matthew 26:34).

By these words is signified, that in the last time of the church there would be no faith in the Lord, because no charity; for "cock-crowing," as well as "twilight," signifies the last time of the church (n. Arcana Coelestia 10134); and "three" or "thrice," signifies what is complete to the end (n. Arcana Coelestia 2788, 4495, 5159, 9198, 10127. That the end of the church is when there is no faith, because no charity, see in the small work on The Last Judgment 33-39, seq.).

[3] A third arcanum that may be seen is what is signified by the following words concerning Peter and John:

Jesus saith to Peter, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou Me? He saith unto Him, Yea, Lord, thou knowest that I love Thee. He saith unto him, Feed My lambs. He saith to him again a second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou Me? He saith unto Him, Yea, Lord, thou knowest that I love Thee. He saith unto him, Tend My sheep. He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou Me? Peter was grieved because He said unto him the third time, Lovest thou Me? And he saith unto Him, Lord, thou knowest all things; thou knowest that I love Thee. Jesus saith unto him, Feed My sheep. Verily, verily, I say unto thee, when thou wast younger, thou girdest thyself, and walkedst whither thou wouldest; but when thou shall be old, thou shalt stretch forth thy hands, and another shall gird thee, and bear thee whither thou wouldest not. And when He had thus spoken, He saith unto him, Follow Me. Peter, turning about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved, following, and he saith, Lord, What shall this one [do]? Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee? Follow thou Me (John 21:15-22).

What these things signify no one can know unless he knows the internal sense, and knows that "Peter" signifies faith, and "John" the good of charity, thus that "Peter" signifies those in the church who are in faith, and "John" those who are in the good of charity.

That Jesus said to Peter three times, "Lovest thou Me?" and that Peter said three times, "Thou knowest that I love Thee," and that Jesus then said, "Feed My lambs," and "Feed My sheep," signifies that those who are in faith from love, ought to instruct those who are in the good of love to the Lord, and in the good of charity towards the neighbor; for those who are in faith from love are also in truths, and those who from this are in truths, instruct concerning good, and lead to good; for all spiritual good that a man has, is gained and implanted by truths.

(That "lambs" signify those who are in the good of innocence and of love to the Lord, may be seen inArcana Coelestia 3994, 10132; that "sheep" signify those who are in the good of charity towards the neighbor, n. 4169, 4809; and that "to feed" is to instruct, n. 5201, 6078)

[4] Faith, as it was to be in the first period of the church and as it was to be in the last, is then described by the Lord. The first period of the church is meant by "when thou wast younger," and its last by "when thou shalt be old." That when Peter "was younger he girded himself and walked whither he would," signifies that in the first period of the church men would imbibe truths from the good of charity and would act from freedom; for to act from freedom is to act from the affection of truth from good. "When thou shalt be old thou shalt stretch forth thy hands, and another shall gird thee and lead thee whither thou wouldest not," signifies that in the last period of the church they would no longer imbibe truths from the good of charity, thus would not know them in any other way than as declared by another; and thus would be in a servile state; for a servile state ensues when good does not lead. (That "garments" signify truths, see Arcana Coelestia 1073, 2576, 5319, 5954, 9212, 9216, 9952, 10536; and that therefore to "gird oneself" denotes to imbibe and perceive truths, n. 9952. That to "walk" is to act and live; to act from freedom is to act from love or affection, since what a man loves that he does freely, n. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591. That every church begins from charity, but that in process of time it turns aside to faith, and at length to faith alone, n. 1834, 1835, 2231, 4683, 8094.)

[5] Since, in the last period of the church, faith becomes such that it rejects the good of charity, saying that faith alone constitutes the church and is saving, and not the good of life which is charity, Jesus said to Peter, by whom such faith is here meant, "Follow Me; and Peter, turning about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved, following; and he saith, Lord, what shall this one [do]?" By this is signified that faith, in the last period of the church, would turn itself away from the Lord; for it is said of Peter, by whom such faith is signified, that "turning about, he saw;" also that he said of the disciple whom Jesus loved, or of John, by whom is signified the good of charity, "what shall this one [do]?" that is, that he is not anything. But Jesus said to him, "If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee? Follow thou Me." By this is signified that the good of charity will follow the Lord, and will acknowledge Him, even to the last period of the old church, and the first of the new. (That the last period of the old church is called "the consummation of the age," and the beginning of the new church "the coming of the Lord," see Arcana Coelestia 4535, 10622) A fourth arcanum that may be seen is, why the Lord loved John above the rest of the disciples, and consequently why John lay on the breast or in the bosom of the Lord (John 13:23; 21:20); namely, because the good of love was what the Lord saw when He beheld John, who represented and signified that good; since it is that good that constitutes heaven and the church (See the work on Heaven and Hell 13-19). A fifth arcanum is manifest when it is known that John represented the good of love, namely, what is signified by the words of the Lord from the cross to the mother Mary and to John:

When Jesus therefore seeth His mother, and the disciple standing by whom He loved, He saith unto His mother, Woman, behold thy son. Then He saith to the disciple, Behold thy mother. And from that hour the disciple took her unto his own home (John 19:26, 27).

By "mother" and by "woman" is here meant the church, and by "John" the good of charity; and by the things here said, that the church will be where the good of charity is. (That by "woman," in the Word, is meant the church, may be seen in Arcana Coelestia 252-253, 749, 770, 3160, 6014, 7337, 8994; that the like is signified by "mother," n. 289, 2691, 2717, 3703, 4257, 5581, 8897, 10490. That to "take her unto his own home" is that these should dwell together, is evident.)

From this it can now be seen how great arcana lie concealed in the Word, which are laid open to those only who know its internal or spiritual sense. Apart from that sense it cannot be known, moreover, what is signified when it is said:

That the apostles shall sit upon twelve thrones, and shall judge the twelve tribes of Israel (Matthew 19:28; Luke 22:30).

By "apostles" here are meant not apostles, but all truths from good, which are from the Lord; thus by these words is signified that the Lord alone will judge all from truths that are from good, thus that everyone will be judged according to those truths.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.