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Richter 18

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1 Zu der Zeit war kein König in Israel. Und der Stamm der Daniter suchte sich ein Erbteil, da sie wohnen möchten; denn es war bis auf den Tag noch kein Erbe auf sie gefallen unter den Stämmen Israels.

2 Und die Kinder Dan sandten aus ihren Geschlechtern von ihren Enden fünf streitbare Männer von Zora und Esthaol, das Land zu erkunden und zu erforschen, und sprachen zu ihnen: Ziehet hin und erforschet das Land. Und sie kamen auf das Gebirge Ephraim ans Haus Michas und blieben über Nacht daselbst.

3 Und da sie bei dem Gesinde Michas waren, erkannten sie die Stimme des Jünglings, des Leviten; und sie wichen von ihrem Weg dahin und sprachen zu ihm: Wer hat dich hierhergebracht? Was machst du da? Und was hast du hier?

4 Er antwortete ihnen: So und so hat Micha an mir getan und hat mich gedingt, daß ich sein Priester sei.

5 Sie sprachen zu ihm: Frage doch Gott, daß wir erfahren, ob unser Weg, den wir wandeln, auch wohl geraten werde.

6 Der Priester antwortete ihnen: Ziehet hin mit Frieden; euer Weg, den ihr ziehet, ist recht vor dem HERRN.

7 Da gingen die fünf Männer hin und kamen gen Lais und sahen das Volk, das darin war, sicher wohnen auf die Weise wie die Sidonier, still und sicher; und war niemand, der ihnen Leid täte im Land oder Herr über sie wäre, und waren ferne von den Sidoniern und hatten nichts mit Leuten zu tun.

8 Und sie kamen zu ihren Brüdern gen Zora und Esthaol; und ihre Brüder sprachen zu ihnen: Wie steht's mit euch?

9 Sie sprachen: Auf, laßt uns zu ihnen hinaufziehen! denn wir haben das Land besehen, das ist sehr gut. Darum eilt und seid nicht faul zu ziehen, daß ihr kommt, das Land einzunehmen.

10 Wenn ihr kommt, werdet ihr zu einem sichern Volke kommen, und das Land ist weit und breit; denn Gott hat's in eure Hände gegeben, einen solchen Ort, da nichts gebricht an alle dem, was auf Erden ist.

11 Da zogen von da aus den Geschlechtern Dan von Zora und Esthaol sechshundert Mann, gerüstet mit ihren Waffen zum Streit,

12 und zogen hinauf und lagerten sich zu Kirjath-Jearim in Juda. Daher nannten sie die Stätte das Lager Dan bis auf diesen Tag, das hinter Kirjath-Jearim liegt.

13 Und von da gingen sie auf das Gebirge Ephraim und kamen zum Hause Michas.

14 Da antworteten die fünf Männer, die ausgegangen waren, das Land Lais zu erkunden, und sprachen zu ihren Brüdern: Wißt ihr auch, daß in diesen Häusern ein Leibrock, Hausgötzen, Bildnis und Abgott sind? Nun möget ihr denken, was euch zu tun ist.

15 Sie kehrten da ein und kamen an das Haus des Jünglings, des Leviten, in Michas Haus und grüßten ihn freundlich.

16 Aber die sechshundert Gerüsteten mit ihren Waffen, die von den Kindern Dan waren, standen vor dem Tor.

17 Und die fünf Männer, die das Land zu erkunden ausgezogen waren, gingen hinauf und kamen dahin und nahmen das Bild, den Leibrock, die Hausgötzen und den Abgott. Dieweil stand der Priester vor dem Tor bei den sechshundert Gerüsteten mit ihren Waffen.

18 Als nun jene ins Haus Michas gekommen waren und nahmen das Bild, den Leibrock, die Hausgötzen und den Abgott, sprach der Priester zu ihnen: Was macht ihr?

19 Sie antworteten ihm: Schweige und halte das Maul zu und ziehe mit uns, daß du unser Vater und Priester seist. Ist dir's besser, daß du in des einen Mannes Haus Priester seist oder unter derer einem ganzen Stamm und Geschlecht in Israel?

20 Das gefiel dem Priester wohl, und er nahm den Leibrock, die Hausgötzen und das Bild und kam mit unter das Volk.

21 Und da sie sich wandten und hinzogen, schickten sie die Kindlein und das Vieh und was sie Köstliches hatten, vor sich her.

22 Da sie nun fern von Michas Haus kamen, wurden die Männer zuhauf gerufen, die in den Häusern waren bei Michas Haus, und folgten den Kindern Dan nach und riefen den Kindern Dan.

23 Sie aber wandten ihr Antlitz um und sprachen zu Micha: was ist dir, daß du also zuhauf kommst?

24 Er antwortete: Ihr habt meine Götter genommen, die ich gemacht hatte, und den Priester und ziehet hin; und was habe ich nun mehr? Und ihr fragt noch, was mir fehle?

25 Aber die Kinder Dan sprachen zu ihm: Laß deine Stimme nicht hören bei uns, daß nicht auf dich stoßen zornige Leute und deine Seele und deines Hauses Seele nicht hingerafft werde!

26 Also gingen die Kinder Dan ihres Weges. Und Micha, da er sah, daß sie ihm zu stark waren, wandte er sich um und kam wieder zu seinem Hause.

27 Sie aber nahmen, was Micha gemacht hatte, und den Priester, den er hatte, und kamen an Lais, an ein stilles, sicheres Volk, und schlugen es mit der Schärfe des Schwerts und verbrannten die Stadt mit Feuer.

28 Und war niemand, der sie errettete; denn sie lag fern von Sidon, und sie hatten mit den Leuten nichts zu schaffen; und sie lag im Grunde, welcher an Beth-Rehob liegt. Da bauten sie die Stadt und wohnten darin

29 und nannten sie Dan nach dem Namen ihres Vaters Dan, der Israel geboren war. (Und die Stadt hieß vorzeiten Lais.)

30 Und die Kinder Dan richteten für sich auf das Bild. Und Jonathan, der Sohn Gersons, des Sohnes Manasses, und seine Söhne waren Priester unter dem Stamm der Daniter bis an die Zeit, da sie aus dem Lande gefangen geführt wurden.

31 Also setzten sie unter sich das Bild Michas, das er gemacht hatte, so lange, als das Haus Gottes war zu Silo.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 18

Од стране New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

The Tribe of Dan Adopts Micah’s Idolatry

This chapter shows the way in which one person’s distortion of truth, turning it into a falsity, can have severe consequences on a larger scale.

The tribe of Dan – one of the twelve tribes of Israel – was given land to the west, by the coast, but they found it hard to hold on to. The name of the tribe of Dan means ‘to judge’, but if judgment isn't based on the Word there will be chaos. (Arcana Caelestia 842)

Faced with competition for their homeland, the tribal leaders of Dan went looking for a place for themselves elsewhere. They sent five men of valour to spy out the land. These men came to Micah’s house, and they recognised the voice of the young Levite there. They questioned him about his situation, and he told them that Micah had hired him to be a priest to his household. The men of Dan asked the Levite to ask the Lord if their search would be prosperous, and he told them that it would be.

The spiritual meaning of this part of the chapter is to do with an intensifying wrongness. At the textual level, there is reference to the Lord, and an apparent normality in what takes place. But underlying it, there's a wrongness, which will become apparent later in the chapter. The pointers to it here are the five men from Dan, them coming straight to Micah’s house, and the hiring of a priest.

The number ‘five’ has a good meaning in many parts of the Word, but it can also have a bad meaning, as it does here. In this context, it stands for only a little, for disunion and the destruction of the Word (Apocalypse Revealed 738).

Coming directly to Micah’s house and recognising the Levite brings together two evil intentions: Micah’s idol and the men of Dan’s search to take a home for themselves. An example for us could be where two people plot to seek the harm of a third person. (Arcana Caelestia 4724)

The hiring of a priest is something disallowed, for priests are there to serve the Lord and they are provided for by the people, not to be hired. Hiring, spiritually, stands for seeking reward for what you do, whereas the true reward is heaven for those who serve without expecting a reward. (Arcana Caelestia 8002)

The five men leave Micah's house, and go on to Laish in the far north, where there are people who dwell securely in peace and without rulers, far from others and with no ties. Laish means ‘fearless and kneaded together’. It is a picture of perfection, of heaven. (Divine Love and Wisdom 200)

The five men then return to their tribe of Dan and report about Laish. They say that it is ideal for the taking because it has plenty of land and its people are secure. They say that “God has given it into your hands”.

Six hundred men of the tribe of Dan set out and they too, come to the house of Micah. The five spies tell them about the idols and they meet and greet the young Levite. Then the five spies go in and take all the idols in the house. The Levite joins up with the men from Dan and they go on together.

One spiritual meaning in the story is that evil (Dan, gone bad) loves to destroy peace and innocence (Laish).

The complete loss to Micah of all his idols and his hired priest, shows, too, that in fully turning to evil, there is the final loss of everything that might bring a person back. (Arcana Caelestia 9039)

People living near Micah go and accost the men of Dan about what they have taken -- but Micah is told to stop complaining or his household will be killed.

The Danites leave, and go and capture Laish, killing and burning, and re-naming the city Dan. There they set up the images and appoint priests. These images remain in Dan all the time that the house of God is in Shiloh.

The spiritual meaning of one evil or falsity becoming greater or more numerous is in the way that we might hold a negative emotion or a distorted view in our mind where it then spreads to other emotions and views we have and brings them into greater evil and falsity. This is the intention of evil and also of hell’s influence, to extend it to be as widespread as possible.

This is the outcome of everything that has developed through this and the previous chapter. It describes the spread of evil to become a terrible force for destruction and spiritually, for an individual person, for self-destruction. In the context of the decline of Israel to where ‘everyone did what was right in their own eyes’ this progression presents the pathway and process of that spiritual loss. (Divine Providence 19)

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Arcana Coelestia # 6914

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6914. 'And I will give this people favour in the eyes of the Egyptians means fear, on account of the plagues, which those steeped in falsities had of those belonging to the spiritual Church. This is clear from the meaning of 'giving favour' as fear on account of the plagues, dealt with below; from the representation of the children of Israel, to whom 'people' refers here, as those belonging to the spiritual Church, dealt with in 6637; and from the representation of 'the Egyptians' as those who are steeped in falsities, often dealt with already. The fact that 'giving favour in the eyes of the Egyptians' means fear on account of the plagues that is present in those steeped in falsities is clear when one understands the matters described in the internal sense; for the subject is those who are steeped in falsities, meant by 'the Egyptians' - with the truths and forms of good which are to be taken away from them and passed on to those who belong to the spiritual Church. And since the subject is those who are steeped in falsities, 'favour' does not mean favour, for people who are steeped in falsities and evils do not feel in any way at all disposed to show favour towards anyone. If they treat anyone well or do not treat him badly they do so through fear of 'plagues'; these are the reason for their show of favour. This favour is the kind meant here in the internal sense. The internal sense displays things as they really are, not as they are made to stand in the letter, and makes every detail relevant to the subject. The truth of this is also evident from what follows regarding the Egyptians, where it is evident that they did not let the children of Israel go out of any disposition to show them favour, only out of fear on account of further plagues, Exodus 11:1; 12:33.

[2] These two verses, when they say that the women of Israel were to ask the Egyptian women for silver, gold, and clothes, refer to 'the plundering' of the Egyptians. And because what is meant by this cannot at all be known except from a revelation describing things that take place in the next life - for the internal sense contains the kinds of things that take place among angels and spirits - the matter must therefore be discussed. Before the Lord's Coming the lower parts of heaven had been occupied by evil genii and spirits; but afterwards they were driven out from there and that region was given to those who belonged to the spiritual Church, see above in 6858. As long as the evil genii and spirits were there they were under constant watch by angels belonging to a higher heaven and were thereby restrained from committing evil deeds openly. At the present day too some who are more devious than others because they mislead people by their pretence of innocence and charity are under watch by celestial ones, and so long as they are under it they are held back from their unspeakable tricks. They are directly overhead; but the celestial angels under whose watch they are kept are even higher. This has allowed me to know what the situation was like of the evil genii and spirits who occupied the lower region of heaven before the Lord's Coming; during that time they were held back by angels belonging to a higher heaven from committing evil deeds openly.

[3] But as for the way in which they were held back from committing evil deeds openly, this too I have been allowed to know. They were kept in check by external restraints, which were fear of the loss of position and reputation, and fear that they would be deprived of places they hold in that region of heaven and would be thrust down into hell; and at that time good yet simple spirits were attached to them. It was like what happens with people in the world. Even though inwardly they may be devils those external restraints force them to keep up a pretence of honourableness and righteousness and to do good. And to ensure that they go on behaving in these ways spirits who are governed by simple good are attached to them. The situation was similar with the evil who were in the lower region of heaven before the Lord's Coming. At that time too they could be driven by selfish kinds of love to speak what was true and do what was good. They were not unlike wicked priests, indeed even very wicked ones, who inwardly are devils, but who can proclaim the teachings of their Church with such passion and seeming zeal that they move the hearts of their hearers to godliness. Yet all the while they are ruled by self-love and love of the world, for the thought of their own position and gain reigns in every part of them and is what fires them to proclaim those teachings in such a way. There are evil spirits present with them, ruled by the same kind of love and consequently thinking in the same kind of way, who lead them; but good yet simple spirits are attached to them. From all this one may recognize what the state of heaven was like before the Lord's Coming.

[4] But after the Lord's Coming the states of heaven and hell were completely altered; for then the evil genii and spirits who occupied the lower region of heaven were cast down and were replaced by those raised up there who belonged to the spiritual Church. At that time the evil who were cast down had the external restraints taken away from them, which, as stated above, were fear of the loss of position and gain and deprivation of places they hold in that region. They were thus left to their inner selves, which were entirely devilish and hellish, and so were banished to the hells. The removal of external restraints is effected in the next life by withdrawing the good spirits who have been attached to them; and when they have been withdrawn the evil can no more maintain any pretence of goodness, righteousness, or honourableness, but can only behave in accord with what they had been like inwardly in the world, that is, in accord with what they had really thought and desired, which they had concealed from others there, their only wish being to do what is evil. The good yet simple spirits who were withdrawn from those evil spirits were assigned or attached to those who belonged to the spiritual Church, to whom that region of heaven was given as a possession. This is why they were enriched with the truths and forms of good which the evil genii and spirits had had previously. Enrichment with truths and forms of good is effected in the next life by means of the attachment of spirits with whom truth and goodness are present; for communication is effected through them.

[5] These things are what are meant by the statement that the children of Israel would not go out of Egypt empty-handed, and that a woman should ask of her female neighbour, and of the female guest in her house, vessels of silver, vessels of gold, and clothes, and in so doing would plunder the Egyptians. Anyone can see that unless the kinds of things described above had been represented the Divine would never have commanded them to use that kind of guile against the Egyptians; for all behaviour like that is very far removed from the Divine. But since those people were completely representative they were allowed by the Divine, because such a thing would be done to the evil in the next life, to act in that kind of way. It should be recognized that very many things which were commanded by Jehovah or the Lord do not in the internal sense mean things that were commanded by Him but those that were permitted.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.