Библия

 

Luke 24:13-35 : The Road to Emmaus

Учиться

13 And, behold, two of them went that same day to a village called Emmaus, which was from Jerusalem about threescore furlongs.

14 And they talked together of all these things which had happened.

15 And it came to pass, that, while they communed together and reasoned, Jesus himself drew near, and went with them.

16 But their eyes were holden that they should not know him.

17 And he said unto them, What manner of communications are these that ye have one to another, as ye walk, and are sad?

18 And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass therein these days?

19 And he said unto them, What things? And they said unto him, Concerning Jesus of Nazareth, which was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people:

20 And how the chief priests and our rulers delivered him to be condemned to death, and have crucified him.

21 But we trusted that it had been he which should have redeemed Israel: and beside all this, to day is the third day since these things were done.

22 Yea, and certain women also of our company made us astonished, which were early at the sepulchre;

23 And when they found not his body, they came, saying, that they had also seen a vision of angels, which said that he was alive.

24 And certain of them which were with us went to the sepulchre, and found it even so as the women had said: but him they saw not.

25 Then he said unto them, O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken:

26 Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory?

27 And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself.

28 And they drew nigh unto the village, whither they went: and he made as though he would have gone further.

29 But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us: for it is toward evening, and the day is far spent. And he went in to tarry with them.

30 And it came to pass, as he sat at meat with them, he took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them.

31 And their eyes were opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight.

32 And they said one to another, Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way, and while he opened to us the scriptures?

33 And they rose up the same hour, and returned to Jerusalem, and found the eleven gathered together, and them that were with them,

34 Saying, The Lord is risen indeed, and hath appeared to Simon.

35 And they told what things were done in the way, and how he was known of them in breaking of bread.

Комментарий

 

По дороге в Эммаус

Написано Joe David (Машинный перевод на Pyccĸий)

Lelio Orsi's painting, Camino de Emaús, is in the National Gallery in London, England.

В каждом Евангелии есть что-то о явлении Иисуса Своим ученикам после утра воскресенья, когда они нашли гробницу пустой. Например, см. От Матфея 28:16-20; Марка 16:14-19; От Луки 24:13-33; Иоан 20:19-31и Иоан 21.

В Евангелии от Луки есть история о двух учениках, идущих из Иерусалима в деревню Эммаус, пешком около семи миль. Вскоре после того, как они покидают город, к ним приближается другой путешественник, который замечает их беспокойные лица и серьезные разговоры и спрашивает их, что их беспокоит. Проходя вместе, они спрашивают странника: "Разве вы не слышали о бедствиях в Иерусалиме, как пророк из Галилеи, на которого мы надеялись, что он спасет Израиль, был предан на распятие? И странно сказать, что когда некоторые из женщин на третий день пошли помазывать Его тело, то увидели ангелов, которые сказали им, что Его нет, но Он воскрес из мертвых".

Услышав это, путешественник укоряет их за то, что они не верили, и говорит: "Разве вы не видите, что Христос должен был пострадать и войти во славу Свою"? Затем незнакомец рассказывает обоим ученикам много нового об Иисусе из книг Моисея и пророков Ветхого Завета. Оба ученика с трепетом слушают, но не узнают пришельца. Длительное время они прибывают в Эммаус. Похоже, что пришелец хочет идти дальше, когда оба остановятся, но они умоляют и его тоже остановиться, потому что уже поздно, и они хотят услышать больше. Поэтому они все садятся, чтобы разделить вечернюю трапезу, и когда незнакомец берет буханку хлеба и разбивает ее, давая им куски, их глаза открываются, и они узнают Его, и Он исчезает.

Можно представить себе ошеломительный трепет, который пришел на них обоих, когда они поняли, что это был Иисус. Они знали, что Он распят, но Он ходил и разговаривал с ними несколько часов. Женщины были правы! Ангелы были правы! Он был жив!

Новая Церковь верит, что есть внутренний смысл всех историй в Слове Господнем, священных Писаниях, и что этот внутренний смысл, в буквальных историях об Аврааме, Исааке и Иакове, Иисусе Навине, Самуиле, Давиде и остальных, и всех изречений пророков от Исаии до Малахии, и четырех Евангелиях... именно этот смысл делает Слово святым".

Так что же мы можем увидеть в этой истории? Ну, этот внутренний смысл в "Моисееве и пророках" - история жизни Иисуса в мире, от Его рождения в Вифлееме до всех Его "смерти", а затем Его воскресения. Поскольку Иисус знал это и, конечно же, читал Писания и понимал их изнутри, Он долгое время знал, как закроется Его земная жизнь, и что для спасения человеческого рода необходимо закрыть ее, как было "написано". Поэтому Он рассказал эту историю двум ученикам, когда они шли к Эммаусу.

Больше об этой прогулке... В Слове любое упоминание о прогулке действительно относится к тому, как мы живем день ото дня. Во многих историях Слова говорится, что кто-то ходил с Богом. Говорят, что мы должны идти Его путями, и что мы должны идти по прямому и узкому пути.

Также в этой истории нам рассказывают, что это было путешествие шестидесяти стадий (на древнегреческом языке). Шестьдесят (или другие кратные "шесть") представляют собой пожизненную работу по отказу от искушений, исходящих от нашего врожденного эгоизма. Апокалипис Разъясненный 648. Итак, это путешествие в Эммаус означает наше жизненное путешествие - как человека, который пытается следовать учению Господа и стать ангелом.

Место назначения - Эммаус. В Слове любой город представляет собой учение, организованный набор истин, которые мы навели в порядок, чтобы мы могли жить согласно им - нашим правилам жизни. См. . Небесные тайны 402. Они не обязательно хороши, как в Иерусалиме или Вифлееме, но могут быть и злыми учениями, например, Содом или Вавилон. В моем словаре сказано, что имя Эммаус означает "горячие источники". Другое универсальное значение в Слове заключается в том, что вода означает истину в ее полезном использовании, но может также означать и истину, закрученную в ложь теми, кто находится в аду, в противоположном смысле. Смотрите, например, Небесные тайны 790. Подумайте о колодцах, которые вырыл Авраам, или о водах, которые Иисус обещал самарянке, когда они говорили у колодца Иакова, или о чистой реке воды, вытекающей из-под престола в новом Иерусалиме в книге Откровение. В обратном смысле, где вода разрушительна, подумай о потопе, уничтожившем всех, кроме Ноя и его семьи, или о Чермном море, которое пришлось расстаться, чтобы сыны Израиля могли пересечь. Источники, представленные Эммаусом, были святыми истинами, пузырящимися из Слова, чтобы мы могли их использовать. А это горячие источники, и тепло означает любовь. Так вот куда мы направляемся, где истина и любовь вместе вытекают для нас, чтобы мы могли использовать их в непрерывном потоке от Господа.

Этот простой маленький анекдот об учениках, встречающих Господа на пути в Эммаус, - не просто история о воскресении Иисуса с духовным телом. Это также история о том, как мы должны жить своей жизнью. Мы можем путешествовать к небесам, слушать Господа, идти с Ним по пути, и в конце Он преломит хлеб и поужинает с нами.

Из произведений Сведенборга

 

Arcana Coelestia # 3813

Изучить этот эпизод

  
/ 10837  
  

3813. As regards 'flesh', this means in the highest sense the Proprium of the Lord's Divine Human, which is Divine Good, and in the relative sense means the will side of the human proprium when made alive by the Proprium of the Lord's Divine Human, that is, by His Divine Good. This proprium is the one called the heavenly proprium which, in itself the Lord's alone, is appropriated to those who are governed by good and consequently by truth. Such a proprium exists with angels in heaven, and also with men whose interiors, that is, their spirits, are in the Lord's kingdom. But in the contrary sense 'flesh' means the will side of the human proprium, which in itself is nothing but evil, and not having been made alive by the Lord is called dead; and the individual himself is for that reason called dead.

[2] That 'flesh' in the highest sense means the Proprium of the Lord's Divine Human, and so His Divine Good, is clear from the Lord's words in John,

Jesus said, I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if anyone eats of this bread he will live for ever. The bread which I will give is My flesh, which I will give for the life of the world. The Jews disputed with one another, saying, How can this man give his flesh to eat? Jesus therefore said to them, Truly, truly, I say to you, Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you will have no life in yourselves. He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day; for My flesh is truly food, and My blood is truly drink. He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood abides in Me, and I in him. This is the bread which came down from heaven. John 6:51-58.

Here it is quite evident that 'flesh' means the Proprium of the Lord's Divine Human, and so the Divine Good - His flesh in the Holy Supper being called 'the body'. His body or flesh in the Holy Supper is the Divine Good, and His blood the Divine Truth, see 1798, 2165, 2177, 3464, 3735. And since bread and wine have the same meaning as flesh and blood - that is to say, 'bread' is the Lord's Divine Good, and 'wine' His Divine Truth - bread and wine were commanded in place of flesh and blood. This is why the Lord says, 'I am the living bread; the bread which I will give is My flesh; he who eats My flesh and drinks My blood abides in Me and I in him; this is the bread which came down from heaven'. 'Eating' means being communicated, being joined to, and being made one's own, see 2187, 2343, 3168, 3513 (end), 3596.

[3] The same was represented in the Jewish Church by the law that the flesh of sacrifices was to be eaten by Aaron and his sons, by those persons who brought the sacrifice, and by others who were clean; and that this flesh was holy, see Exodus 12:7-9; 29:30-34; Leviticus 7:15-21; 8:31; Deuteronomy 12:27; 16:4. That being so, if any unclean person ate some of that flesh he was to be cut off from his people, Leviticus 7:21. The fact that these sacrifices were called 'bread', see 2165, and that that sacrificial flesh was called 'holy flesh', Jeremiah 11:15; Haggai 2:12. And in Ezekiel 40:43 where the new Temple is the subject, it is called 'the flesh of the offering which is on the tables in the Lord's kingdom', by which clearly worship of the Lord in His kingdom is meant.

[4] That 'flesh' in the relative sense means the will side of man's proprium when made alive by the Lord is Divine Good is clear also from the following places: In Ezekiel,

I will give them one heart, and will put a new spirit in your midst; and I will remove the heart of stone out of their flesh and will give them a heart of flesh. Ezekiel 11:19; 36:26.

'The heart of stone out of their flesh' stands for a will and proprium when not made alive, 'a heart of flesh' for a will and proprium when made alive; for 'the heart' is a representative of good in the will, see 2930, 3313, 3635. In David,

O God, You are my God; in the morning I seek You. My soul thirsts for You, my flesh in a dry land longs for You, and I am weary without water. Psalms 63:1.

In the same author,

My soul longs for the courts of Jehovah; my heart and my flesh shout for joy to the living God. Psalms 84:2.

[5] In Job,

I have come to know my Redeemer; He is alive; and at the last He will rise above the dust; and afterwards these things will be encompassed by my skin, and out of my flesh shall I see God, whom I shall see for myself; and my eyes will behold, and no other. Job 19:25-27.

'Being encompassed by skin' stands for the natural, such as a person possesses after death, dealt with in 3539. 'Out of his flesh seeing God' stands for the proprium when made alive, which is why Job says, 'Whom I shall see for myself; and my eyes will behold, and no other'. Since it was well known in the ancient Churches that 'flesh' meant the proprium, and since the Book of Job is a book of the Ancient Church, 3540 (end), he accordingly followed the custom of the day and drew on meaningful signs to speak of these, as of many other matters. Those therefore who conclude from what Job said that their dead body is going to be reassembled from the four winds and is going to rise again do not know the internal sense of the Word. Those who are conversant with that sense know that they will enter the next life in a body, but in a purer one. In that life people have purer bodies, for they behold one another, talk to one another, and are endowed with each of the senses, which though like those in the physical body are now keener. The body which a person carries around on earth is designed for activities on earth and therefore consists of flesh and bones, whereas the body that a spirit carries around in the next life is designed for activities in that life and does not consist of flesh and bones but of such things as correspond to these, see 3726.

[6] That 'flesh' in the contrary sense means the will side of the human proprium which in itself is nothing but evil is clear from the following places: In Isaiah,

Every man will eat the flesh of his own arm. Isaiah 9:20.

In the same prophet,

I will feed your oppressors with their own flesh, and they will be drunk with their blood as with new wine. Isaiah 49:26.

In Jeremiah,

I will feed them with the flesh of their sons and with the flesh of their daughters, and every man will eat the flesh of his companion. Jeremiah 19:9.

In Zechariah,

Those that are left will eat, every one the flesh of another. Zechariah 11:9.

In Moses,

I will chastise you seven times for your sins, and you will eat the flesh of your sons: and the flesh of your daughters will you eat. Leviticus 26:28-29.

The will side of the human proprium, or man's own natural inclinations, is described in this way because it is nothing but evil and consequent falsity, and so hatred against every form of truth or good, that are meant by 'eating the flesh of their own arm', 'the flesh of sons and daughters', and 'the flesh of another'.

[7] In John,

I saw an angel standing in the sun, who called out with a loud voice, saying to all the birds flying in mid-heaven, Come and gather yourselves to the supper of the great God, so that you may eat the flesh of kings, and the flesh of captains, and the flesh of mighty men, and the flesh of horses and those seated on them, and the flesh of all free men and slaves, both small and great. Revelation 19:17-18; Ezekiel 39:17-20.

Anyone may see that the flesh of kings, captains, mighty men, horses and those seated on them, free men and slaves, is not meant by such expressions. 'Flesh' accordingly has another meaning which has not been known up to now. The fact that evils resulting from falsities, and evils producing falsities, are meant - which evils originate on the will side of the human proprium - is evident from each expression used here.

[8] Since falsity which springs from the understanding side of man's proprium is meant by 'blood' in the internal sense, and evil which springs from the will side of his proprium by 'flesh', the Lord speaks of the person who is to be regenerated as follows,

As many as received Him, to them He gave power to be sons of God, to those believing in His name, who were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. John 1:12-13.

For this reason 'flesh' is used to mean in general all mankind, see 574, 1050 (end). For whether you speak of man or of man's proprium it amounts to the same.

[9] That 'flesh' in the highest sense means the Lord's Divine Human is evident from the verses quoted above, as well as from the following in John,

The Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of the Only Begotten from the Father. John 1:14.

It is by virtue of this flesh that all other flesh is made alive, that is, by virtue of the Lord's Divine Human, every human being is made alive, through making His love his own, which is meant by 'eating the flesh of the Son of Man', John 6:51-58, and by eating the bread in the Holy Supper - for the bread is His body or flesh, Matthew 26:26-27.

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.