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1 Or i figliuoli d’Israele fecero ciò ch’è male agli occhi dell’Eterno, e l’Eterno li diede nelle mani di Madian per sette anni.

2 La mano di Madian fu potente contro Israele; e, per la paura dei Madianiti, i figliuoli d’Israele si fecero quelle caverne che son nei monti, e delle spelonche e dei forti.

3 Quando Israele avea seminato, i Madianiti con gli Amalekiti e coi figliuoli dell’oriente salivano contro di lui,

4 s’accampavano contro gl’Israeliti, distruggevano tutti i prodotti del paese fin verso Gaza, e non lasciavano in Israele né viveri, né pecore, né buoi, né asini.

5 Poiché salivano coi loro greggi e con le loro tende, e arrivavano come una moltitudine di locuste; essi e i loro cammelli erano innumerevoli, e venivano nel paese per devastarlo.

6 Israele dunque fu ridotto in gran miseria a motivo di Madian, e i figliuoli d’Israele gridarono all’Eterno.

7 E avvenne che, quando i figliuoli d’Israele ebbero gridato all’Eterno a motivo di Madian,

8 l’Eterno mandò ai figliuoli d’Israele un profeta, che disse loro: "Così dice l’Eterno, l’Iddio d’Israele: Io vi feci salire dall’Egitto e vi trassi dalla casa di schiavitù;

9 vi liberai dalla mano degli Egiziani e dalla mano di tutti quelli che vi opprimevano; li cacciai d’innanzi a voi, vi detti il loro paese,

10 e vi dissi: Io sono l’Eterno, il vostro Dio; non adorate gli dei degli Amorei nel paese de’ quali abitate; ma voi non avete dato ascolto alla mia voce".

11 Poi venne l’angelo dell’Eterno, e si assise sotto il terebinto d’Ofra, che apparteneva a Joas, Abiezerita; e Gedeone, figliuolo di Joas, batteva il grano nello strettoio, per metterlo al sicuro dai Madianiti.

12 L’angelo dell’Eterno gli apparve e gli disse: "L’Eterno è teco, o uomo forte e valoroso!"

13 E Gedeone gli rispose: "Ahimè, signor mio, se l’Eterno è con noi, perché ci è avvenuto tutto questo? e dove sono tutte quelle sue maraviglie che i nostri padri ci hanno narrate dicendo: l’Eterno non ci trasse egli dall’Egitto? Ma ora l’Eterno ci ha abbandonato e ci ha dato nelle mani di Madian".

14 Allora l’Eterno si volse a lui, e gli disse: "Va’ con cotesta tua forza, e salva Israele dalla mano di Madian; non son io che ti mando?"

15 Ed egli a lui: "Ah, signor mio, con che salverò io Israele? Ecco, il mio migliaio è il più povero di Manasse, e io sono il più piccolo nella casa di mio padre".

16 L’Eterno gli disse: "Perché io sarò teco, tu sconfiggerai i Madianiti come se fossero un uomo solo".

17 E Gedeone a lui: "Se ho trovato grazia agli occhi tuoi, dammi un segno che sei proprio tu che mi parli.

18 Deh, non te ne andar di qui prima ch’io torni da te, ti rechi la mia offerta, e te la metta dinanzi". E l’Eterno disse: "Aspetterò finché tu ritorni".

19 Allora Gedeone entrò in casa, preparo un capretto, e con un efa di farina fece delle focacce azzime; mise la carne in un canestro, il brodo in una pentola, gli portò tutto sotto il terebinto, e gliel’offrì.

20 E l’angelo di Dio gli disse: "Prendi la carne e le focacce azzime, mettile su questa roccia, e versavi su il brodo". Ed egli fece così.

21 Allora l’angelo dell’Eterno stese la punta del bastone che aveva in mano e toccò la carne e le focacce azzime; e salì dalla roccia un fuoco, che consumò la carne e le focacce azzime; e l’angelo dell’Eterno scomparve dalla vista di lui.

22 E Gedeone vide ch’era l’angelo dell’Eterno, e disse: "Misero me, o Signore, o Eterno! giacché ho veduto l’angelo dell’Eterno a faccia a faccia!"

23 E l’Eterno gli disse: "Sta’ in pace, non temere, non morrai!"

24 Allora Gedeone edificò quivi un altare all’Eterno, e lo chiamò "l’Eterno pace". Esso esiste anche al dì d’oggi a Ofra degli Abiezeriti.

25 In quella stessa notte, l’Eterno gli disse: "Prendi il giovenco di tuo padre e il secondo toro di sette anni, demolisci l’altare di Baal che è di tuo padre, abbatti l’idolo che gli sta vicino,

26 e costruisci un altare all’Eterno, al tuo Dio, in cima a questa roccia, disponendo ogni cosa con ordine; poi prendi il secondo toro, e offrilo in olocausto sulle legna dell’idolo che avrai abbattuto".

27 Allora Gedeone prese dieci uomini fra i suoi servitori e fece come l’Eterno gli avea detto; ma, non osando farlo di giorno, per paura della casa di suo padre e della gente della città, lo fece di notte.

28 E quando la gente della città l’indomani mattina si levò, ecco che l’altare di Baal era stato demolito, che l’idolo postovi accanto era abbattuto, e che il secondo toro era offerto in olocausto sull’altare ch’era stato costruito.

29 E dissero l’uno all’altro: "Chi ha fatto questo?" Ed essendosi informati e avendo fatto delle ricerche, fu loro detto: "Gedeone, figliuolo di Joas, ha fatto questo".

30 Allora la gente della città disse a Joas: "Mena fuori il tuo figliuolo, e sia messo a morte, perché ha demolito l’altare di Baal ed ha abbattuto l’idolo che gli stava vicino".

31 E Joas rispose a tutti quelli che insorgevano contro a lui: "Volete voi difender la causa di Baal? volete venirgli in soccorso? Chi vorrà difender la sua causa sarà messo a morte prima di domattina; s’esso è dio, difenda da sé la sua causa, giacché hanno demolito il suo altare".

32 Perciò quel giorno Gedeone fu chiamato Ierubbaal, perché si disse: "Difenda Baal la sua causa contro a lui, giacché egli ha demolito il suo altare".

33 Or tutti i Madianiti, gli Amalekiti e i figliuoli dell’oriente si radunarono, passarono il Giordano, e si accamparono nella valle di Izreel.

34 Ma lo spirito dell’Eterno s’impossessò di Gedeone, il quale sonò la tromba, e gli Abiezeriti furono convocati per seguirlo.

35 Egli mandò anche dei messi in tutto Manasse, che fu pure convocato per seguirlo; mandò altresì de’ messi nelle tribù di Ascer, di Zabulon e di Neftali, le quali salirono a incontrare gli altri.

36 E Gedeone disse a Dio: "Se vuoi salvare Israele per mia mano, come hai detto,

37 ecco, io metterò un vello di lana sull’aia: se c’è della rugiada sul vello soltanto e tutto il terreno resta asciutto, io conoscerò che tu salverai Israele per mia mano come hai detto".

38 E così avvenne. La mattina dopo, Gedeone si levò per tempo, strizzò il vello e ne spremé la rugiada: una coppa piena d’acqua.

39 E Gedeone disse a Dio: "Non s’accenda l’ira tua contro di me; io non parlerò più che questa volta. Deh, ch’io faccia ancora un’altra prova sola col vello: resti asciutto soltanto il vello, e ci sia della rugiada su tutto il terreno".

40 E Dio fece così quella notte: il vello soltanto restò asciutto, e ci fu della rugiada su tutto il terreno.

   

Из произведений Сведенборга

 

Arcana Coelestia # 7643

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7643. 'Behold, I am bringing locusts into your border' means that falsity will take possession of their outermost parts. This is clear from the meaning of 'locusts' as falsity in outermost parts, dealt with below; from the meaning of 'border' as outermost parts; and from the meaning of 'bringing', since it is used in connection with falsity, as taking possession of. It says that Jehovah will bring the locusts, but by this their being brought - brought by evil - is meant. This is similar to the attribution made to Jehovah, that is, to the Lord, where it says that 'He made Pharaoh's heart stubborn'; in actual fact it is made such by man, by the evil within him, see above in 7632. Evil does not originate in the Lord but springs from man because man diverts towards himself the good that flows in from the Lord, and instead of regarding, in every single thing, the Lord and what is the Lord's regards himself. This self-regard gives rise to a craving to have dominion over all people and to possess all that others have; it gives rise to contempt for others, and hateful, vengeful, and cruel behaviour towards those who are not disposed to apply themselves to his interests; and also it gives rise to contempt for all things connected with faith and charity, for when these flow in from the Lord he focuses them onto himself and so away from the Lord.

[2] From all this one may see that man turns into evil the actual good that flows in from the Lord. It also goes to explain why in the next life the evil distance themselves from heaven as far away as they can get; for when heaven draws nearer to them, that is, when the inflow of goodness and truth becomes more forceful, they plunge with greater force into the opposite, that is, into evil and into falsity. Then to the extent that the evil and falsity increase, they drive truth out from themselves and bring about vastation within themselves. And to the same extent they also plunge into the evils brought by punishment; for in the next life evils and punishments are interconnected.

[3] The Lord is continually rearranging the heavens, and constantly adding new inhabitants of heaven whom He provides with dwellings and inheritances. When He does this heaven draws nearer, that is, flows in with greater force, as a consequence of which hellish spirits plunge with greater force into evils and falsities, and into the punishments that go with them; and since they plunge into evils and falsities, they bring about vastation within themselves, as has been stated. This process does not stop until they have brought about complete vastation and cast themselves deeply into the hells. From this it may be recognized that nothing but good emanates from the Lord, and that evil springs from those people themselves who are ruled by evil. From all this one may now see how to understand the statement that Jehovah, that is, the Lord, made Pharaoh's heart stubborn, and the statement here that He will bring locusts, by which falsity arising from evil in outermost parts is meant.

[4] In the Word, in those places in which the laying waste of evils is referred to, the locust and the bruchus 1 are mentioned several times; and in those places 'locust' is used to mean in the internal sense falsity that lays waste the outermost parts. For as has been shown before, the human natural is interior and exterior. The falsity that is present in the outermost parts of the natural is meant by 'locust', and the evil there by 'bruchus'. Because 'locust' is used to mean falsity present in the outermost parts of the natural it says that the locusts will be brought 'into the border, and they will cover the surface of the land', and later on in verses 14-15.

The locusts came up over the land of Egypt, and rested at all the border of Egypt, and covered the surface of the whole land.

'The border' and 'the surface' mean the outermost and lowest parts, on which the more internal ones rest, that is, by which they are bounded.

[5] These things are what 'the locust' and 'the bruchus' are used to mean in David,

He sent among them swarms [of insects], which devoured them, and frogs which destroyed them; and He gave their crops to the bruchus, and their labour to the locust. Psalms 78:45-46.

And elsewhere,

He spoke so that the locust might come and the bruchus, so that it would be without number. Psalms 105:34.

These verses, which speak about Egypt, refer to 'the bruchus', but no mention is made of it in Moses, only of 'the locust'. The reason why 'the bruchus' also is referred to is that 'the bruchus' means evil and 'the locust' falsity, both of them in the outermost parts of the natural. But when 'the locust' alone is referred to it means both falsity and evil together, for 'the locust' is falsity arising from evil.

[6] In Nahum,

There the fire will devour you, the sword cut you off; it will devour you like the bruchus. Multiply yourself like the bruchus, multiply yourself like the locust; you have multiplied your merchants, more than the stars of the heavens. The bruchus has spread out, and flown away. Your monarchs are like the locust, your emperors like the locust of locusts. Nahum 3:15-17.

This refers to 'the city of blood', which means teachings that uphold falsity. And since falsity and evil are multiplied chiefly in the outermost parts of the natural (because of the presence there of the illusions of the senses arising from worldly and earthly objects, and of the sensory enjoyments resulting from various kinds of appetites), the multiplication of evil and falsity is for that reason described by 'the bruchus and locust', as it also is in Judges 6:5; 7:12; and in Jeremiah 46:23. With regard to the sensory level, which is the last and lowest of the natural, that it is utterly full of illusions and consequently of falsities, see 5084, 5089, 5094, 6310, 6711, 6313, 6318, 6598, 6612, 6614, 6621, 6624.

[7] In Joel,

What the caterpillar (eruca) left the locust has devoured, and what the locust left the beetle (melolontha) has devoured, and what the beetle left the bruchus has devoured. Awake, you drunkards, and weep; and wail, all you drinkers of wine, because of the new wine that has been cut off. For a nation will come up over My land, strong, and without number; and it will turn My vine into a waste, and My fig tree into froth. Joel 1:4-7.

In the same prophet,

The threshing floors are full of clear grain, and the presses overflow with new wine and oil. And I will recompense you for the years that the locust has consumed, the beetle (melolontha), the bruchus, and the caterpillar (eruca). Joel 2:24-25.

Here 'the locust' stands for falsity in the outermost parts which is laying waste truths and forms of good. In Moses,

You will carry much seed out into the field, but you will gather little, because the locust will consume it. You will plant vineyards, but you will not drink wine or gather [anything], for the worm will devour it. Deuteronomy 28:38-39.

Here 'the locust' stands for falsity arising from evil.

[8] In John,

Out of the smoke of the abyss that had been opened came locusts onto the earth, which were given power, as the scorpions of the earth have power. They were told not to harm the grass of the earth, or any tree, but men (homo) only who did not have the seal of God on their foreheads. They were not allowed to kill them, but to torment them for five months. The shapes of the locusts were like horses prepared for war, and on their heads there were so to speak crowns like gold, their faces being like the faces of men (homo). They had hair like women's hair, and their teeth were like lions' teeth. They had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like the sound of chariots with many horses running to war. Finally, they had tails like scorpions, and the stings were in their tails, so that they could do harm to men (homo) for five months. They have a king over them, the angel of the abyss, whose name in Hebrew is Abaddon; but in Greek he has the name Apollyon. Revelation 9:3-11.

No one can see what all these things mean except from the internal sense. From each detail there viewed in accordance with the internal sense it is clear that 'locusts' means reasonings that are based on illusions and consequent falsities, and supported also by philosophical arguments. Thus in addition 'locusts' means the falsities which, being present in the outermost parts of the human mind and having a more earthly and bodily nature than all other falsities, can easily deceive and mislead people. For a person can embrace with ease ideas that agree with the senses, but with difficulty those that contradict them.

[9] To enable people to know that such things are meant by 'locusts', let the details of this passage be explained one by one. 'The abyss' out of which the locusts came is hell. 'The grass of the earth' which they were not to harm is factual knowledge, 'tree' recognition of what is good and true, and 'men' affections for what is good. Their being told to harm only men, not the grass of the earth or any tree, means that truth and good may come to be understood even when there is no living in accordance with them. 'Those who have the seal on their foreheads' are those who have been regenerated. Their being told to torment for five months those who did not have the seal of God on their foreheads means that they were to lay them waste. 'Locusts like horses prepared for war' are reasonings based on falsities that are used to fight against the Church's truths. 'On their heads crowns like gold' and 'faces like those of men' mean that the reasonings have a similar appearance to truth and in origin seem to be good. 'Hair like that of women' and 'teeth like the teeth of lions' are the external things of the natural or the level of the senses, that is, the illusions there which give the appearance of good. 'Breastplates of iron' are external things giving the appearance of truth. 'The sound of wings like that of chariots with many horses running to war' means the falsities of doctrinal teachings which they use to fight with and which they fight for. 'Tails like scorpions' and 'the stings in their tails' are the injuries such things can inflict. 'The king' of the abyss is hellish falsity, 'Abaddon' destruction, 'Apollyon' reasoning based on falsities that seems to be based on truth, especially if those deemed to be wise support those falsities with philosophical arguments completely misapplied; for blind admiration of their wisdom leads people to have faith in them.

[10] In the good sense 'locust' means fundamental and very general truth, and also the pleasure it gives. This was why John had locusts as his food, and wild honey, Matthew 3:4; Mark 1:6. The reason why they were his food was that John represented the Word; and by his food as well as his clothing, which consisted of camel hair together with a skin girdle, he represented the Word in the external sense. For external pleasure is meant by 'locusts and wild honey', 5620, and external truth by a garment made of camel hair and by a skin girdle, 3301. This explains why John is understood to be the Elijah who is going to come and announce the Lord's Coming, 'Elijah' being the Word, see Preface to Chapter 18 of Genesis, and 2762, 5247 (end). And Leviticus 11:22 states that locusts were among the small creatures which people were allowed to eat.

Сноски:

1. i.e. a (wingless) kind of locust, possibly the larva of a locust

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.