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Richter 7

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1 Da machte sich Jerubbaal, das ist Gideon, früh auf und alles Volk, das mit ihm war, und lagerten sich an den Brunnen Harod, daß er das Heer der Midianiter hatte gegen Mitternacht vom dem Hügel More im Grund.

2 Der HERR aber sprach zu Gideon: Des Volks ist zu viel, das mit dir ist, daß ich sollte Midian in ihre Hände geben; Israel möchte sich rühmen wider mich und sagen: Meine Hand hat mich erlöst.

3 So laß nun ausrufen vor den Ohren des Volks und sagen: Wer blöde und verzagt ist, der kehre um und hebe sich alsbald vom Gebirge Gilead. Da kehrten des Volks um bei zweiundzwanzigtausend, daß nur zehntausend übrigblieben.

4 Und der HERR sprach zu Gideon: Des Volks ist noch zu viel. Führe sie sie hinab ans Wasser, daselbst will ich sie dir prüfen. Und von welchem ich dir sagen werde, daß er mit dir ziehen soll, der soll mit dir ziehen; von welchem aber ich sagen werde, daß er nicht mit dir ziehen soll, der soll nicht ziehen.

5 Und er führte das Volk hinab ans Wasser. Und der HERR sprach zu Gideon: Wer mit seiner Zunge Wasser leckt, wie ein Hund leckt, den stelle besonders; des gleichen wer auf seine Kniee fällt, zu trinken.

6 Da war die Zahl derer, die geleckt hatten aus der Hand zum Mund, dreihundert Mann; das andere Volk alles hatte knieend getrunken.

7 Und der HERR sprach zu Gideon: Durch die dreihundert Mann, die geleckt haben, will ich euch erlösen und die Midianiter in deine Hände geben; aber das andere Volk laß alles gehen an seinen Ort.

8 Und sie nahmen Zehrung für das Volk mit sich und ihre Posaunen. Aber die andern Israeliten ließ er alle gehen, einen jeglichen in seine Hütte; die dreihundert Mann aber behielt er. Und das Heer der Midianiter lag unten vor ihm im Grunde.

9 Und der HERR sprach in derselben Nacht zu ihm: Stehe auf und gehe hinab zum Lager; denn ich habe es in deine Hände gegeben.

10 Fürchtest du dich aber hinabzugehen, so laß deinen Diener Pura mit dir hinabgehen zum Lager,

11 daß du hörst, was sie reden. Darnach werden deine Hände stark sein, und du wirst hinabziehen zum Lager. Da ging Gideon mit seinem Diener Pura hinab vorn an den Ort der Schildwächter, die im Lager waren.

12 Und die Midianiter und Amalekiter und alle aus dem Morgenland hatten sich niedergelegt im Grunde wie eine große Menge Heuschrecken; und ihre Kamele waren nicht zu zählen vor der Menge wie der Sand am Ufer des Meers.

13 Da nun Gideon kam, siehe, da erzählte einer einem andern einen Traum und sprach: Siehe, mir hat geträumt: mich deuchte, ein geröstetes Gerstenbrot wälzte sich zum Heer der Midianiter; und da es kam an die Gezelte, schlug es dieselben und warf sie nieder und kehrte sie um, das Oberste zu unterst, daß das Gezelt lag.

14 Da antwortete der andere: Das ist nichts anderes denn das Schwert Gideons, des Sohnes Joas, des Israeliten. Gott hat die Midianiter in seine Hände gegeben mit dem ganzen Heer.

15 Da Gideon den hörte solchen Traum erzählen und seine Auslegung, betete er an und kam wieder ins Heer Israels und sprach: Macht euch auf, denn der HERR hat das Heer der Midianiter in eure Hände gegeben.

16 und er teilte die dreihundert Mann in drei Haufen und gab einem jeglichen eine Posaune in seine Hand und leere Krüge mit Fackeln darin

17 und sprach zu ihnen: Seht auf mich und tut auch also; und siehe, wenn ich vor das Lager komme, wie ich tue so tut ihr auch.

18 Wenn ich die Posaune blase und alle, die mit mir sind, so sollt ihr auch die Posaune blasen ums ganze Heer und sprechen: Hie HERR und Gideon!

19 Also kam Gideon und hundert Mann mit ihm vor das Lager, zu Anfang der mittelsten Nachtwache, da sie eben die Wächter aufgestellt hatten, und bliesen mit Posaunen und zerschlugen die Krüge in ihren Händen.

20 Also bliesen alle drei Haufen mit Posaunen und zerbrachen die Krüge. Sie hielten aber die Fackeln in ihrer linken Hand und die Posaunen in ihrer rechten Hand, daß sie bliesen und riefen: Hie Schwert des HERRN und Gideons!

21 Und ein jeglicher stand auf seinem Ort um das Lager her. Da ward das ganze Heer laufend, und schrieen und flohen.

22 Und indem die dreihundert Mann bliesen die Posaunen, schaffte der HERR, daß sie im ganzen Heer eines jeglichen Schwert wider den andern war. Und das Heer floh bis Beth-Sitta gen Zereda, bis an die Grenze von Abel-Mehola bei Tabbath.

23 Und die Männer Israels von Naphthali, von Asser und vom ganzen Manasse wurden zuhauf gerufen und jagten den Midianitern nach.

24 Und Gideon sandte Botschaft auf das ganze Gebirge Ephraim und ließ sagen: Kommt herab, den Midanitern entgegen, und gewinnt das Wasser vor ihnen bis gen Beth-Bara und auch den Jordan. Da eilten zusammen alle, die von Ephraim waren, und gewannen das Wasser vor ihnen bis gen Beth-Bara und den Jordan

25 und fingen zwei Fürsten der Midianiter, Oreb und Seeb, und erwürgten Oreb auf dem Fels Oreb und Seeb in der Kelter Seeb, und jagten die Midianiter und brachten die Häupter Orebs und Seebs zu Gideon über den Jordan.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 7

Написано New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 7: Gideon’s valiant three hundred men.

Gideon and all his men camped by the well of Harod, which can mean “eager”, and also “trembling.” The Lord told Gideon that his army was too large, which could lead Israel to boast that they won by their own efforts (rather than the Lord’s power). Gideon was instructed to send away anyone who was afraid; 22,000 went home, leaving 10,000.

Even still, the Lord said the army was too large, so Gideon tested the men by taking them down to the water to drink. The Lord directed Gideon to call out those who lapped water from out of their hands rather than kneeling down to drink with their mouths. Three hundred men were chosen by this method of selection.

The Lord then commanded Gideon to go down to the Midianite camp, and if he was afraid, to take his servant, Phurah. There, Gideon overheard one of the soldiers telling his companion that he’d had a dream, in which a loaf of bread came tumbling into the camp and struck one of the tents so that it collapsed. The other soldier said that this meant the Lord would give victory to Gideon.

Gideon gave each of his men a trumpet, and a pitcher containing a lit torch. They surrounded the Midianite camp, and at the command of Gideon, they blew their trumpets, broke their pitchers to show the torches, and shouted, “The sword of the Lord and of Gideon!” This caused panic in the camp, and every Midianite drew his sword against another, and many fled. Then Gideon ordered the capture and killing of the two Midianite princes, whose heads were brought to him.

*****

We must give glory to the Lord for successes that we seem to earn, as He alone does what is good. The Lord told Gideon to reduce the size of his army, to avoid the dangers of growing too proud. Since we live our lives as if we do everything ourselves, this is a constant threat. The fact that about two-thirds of Gideon’s army were afraid and went home shows the reality of our nature (see Swedenborg’s work, True Christian Religion 442).

Lapping water from the hand reflects our need to see and examine what we take into our minds. Water stands for truth, but it can also stand for false ideas. If we drink directly from the water, we accept indiscriminately and examine nothing. Cupping and holding the water in our hands means that we can see how to apply this truth through our attitudes and actions (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 6047[2]).

Gideon’s army of only three hundred men was all it took to defeat the Midianites. The number ‘three’ stands for something which is complete or full in itself. Some spiritual examples include mind, body and soul, as well as celestial, spiritual and natural (see Swedenborg’s Apocalypse Explained 435[3] and 532[2]).

The dream Gideon overheard stands for the power of good (the bread) to break down the apparent power of what is evil and false (the tent) (Arcana Caelestia 4247[3]). The name of Gideon’s servant, Phurah, means “fruitfulness”, or “a winepress”, which is where Gideon was first called by the angel of the Lord.

The trumpet and the torch both stand for the power of truth to overcome evil and false ideas, the trumpet by its penetrating sound, and the torch by its illuminating light. There is no mention of swords for the army of Israel.

Finally, the oppression by the Midianites represents knowing what is true, but living a life governed by our own desires. This leads us increasingly further away from obeying the Lord. Of course, this must be addressed. The Midianites destroyed each other in their panic, meaning what is disorderly and against the Lord holds no validity, and eventually destroys itself (Arcana Caelestia 9320).

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Arcana Coelestia # 6015

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6015. 'In the carts which Pharaoh sent to carry him' means the matters of doctrine obtained from the Church's factual knowledge. This is clear from the meaning of 'the carts' as matters of doctrine, dealt with in 5945; and from the representation of 'Pharaoh' as the Church's factual knowledge in general. For 'Egypt' means the Church's factual knowledge, 1462, 4749, 4964, 4966, and therefore the king of that land means such knowledge in general, as he does elsewhere in the Word, though in the majority of places perverted factual knowledge is meant by Egypt and so also by Pharaoh. The representation of 'Pharaoh' as factual knowledge in general is evident in Isaiah,

The princes of Zoan are foolish, the wise counsellors of Pharaoh; counsel has become brutish. How do you say to Pharaoh, I am a son of the wise, a son of the kings of old? Isaiah 19:11.

Here 'Pharaoh' stands for the Church's factual knowledge in general, which was why he was called 'a son of the wise' and 'a son of the kings of old'. 'The wise' and 'the kings of old' stand for the truths that the Ancient Church possessed. But that factual knowledge made nonsensical is meant, for it says 'The princes of Zoan have become foolish; counsel has become brutish'.

[2] In the same prophet,

They depart to go down to Egypt but have not asked at My mouth, to strengthen themselves in the strength of Pharaoh, and to trust in the shadow of Egypt. Therefore the strength of Pharaoh will become shame for you, and trust in the shadow of Egypt ignominy. Isaiah 30:2-3.

'Strengthening themselves in the strength of Egypt, and trusting in the shadow of Egypt' stands for relying in matters of faith on factual knowledge and having no belief in any spiritual truth unless it is what factual knowledge and sensory evidence so declare. But that is a perversion of order. The truths of faith must occupy first place, and supporting factual knowledge must take second place; for if the latter occupy first place, no belief in any truth whatever exists.

[3] In Jeremiah,

Jehovah Zebaoth, the God of Israel, said, Behold, I am making a visitation upon Amen in No, and upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt, and upon its gods, and upon its kings - especially upon Pharaoh and those trusting in him. Jeremiah 46:25.

Here also 'Pharaoh' stands for factual knowledge in general. 'Those trusting in him' stands for people who rely on factual knowledge but do not rely on the Word, that is, on the Lord in the Word. Such a reliance leads to a complete perversion in the things people are taught to believe, which in turn leads to falsity and also to the refusal to accept that what is Divine and heavenly is anything at all. These people in particular are all too ready to say, Let me see these things with my own eyes; or, Produce the facts to prove the truth of it, and then I will believe it. But even if they did see them or such proof was produced they would not believe, because an unaccepting attitude of mind governs everything.

[4] In the same prophet,

Against Pharaoh. 1 Behold, waters rising out of the north which will become a deluging stream, and they will deluge the land and all that fills it, the city and those who dwell in it, so that men cry out and every inhabitant of the land wails because of the sound of the beat of the hoofs of the horses his mighty ones and the noise of his chariot, the rumble of its wheels. Jeremiah 47:1-3.

It is plain from every detail stated here regarding Pharaoh that 'Pharaoh' is factual knowledge in general, existing in this instance in a perverted state of order, which destroys the truths of faith. 'A deluging stream' is factual knowledge destroying an understanding of truth, and so is knowledge that lays waste. 'They will deluge the land and all that fills it' is the entire Church. 'The city and those who dwell in it' is the truth the Church possesses, and the good this truth leads to. 'The beat of the hoofs of the horses' is the lowest kind of factual knowledge gained directly from sensory impressions. 'The noise of his chariot' is false teaching derived from that knowledge. 'The rumble of its wheels' is sensory impressions and the false notions going with them that advance themselves.

[5] In Ezekiel,

The Lord Jehovih said, Behold, I am against you, Pharaoh king of Egypt, the great monster who is lying in the midst of his rivers, who has said, The river is mine and I have made myself. Therefore I will put hooks in your jaws, and cause the fish of your rivers to stick to your scales. Ezekiel 29:2-4.

Here also 'Pharaoh' stands for factual knowledge in general, which in a similar way is evident from each detail that is stated regarding him.

[6] In the same prophet,

Raise a lamentation over Pharaoh king of Egypt. You are like monsters in the seas, and you have come forth with your rivers, and have troubled the waters with your feet; you have stirred up their rivers. When I have blotted you out, I will cover the heavens and darken their stars, I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon will not give its light. All the bright lights [in the heavens] I will darken over you, and I will put darkness over your land. Ezekiel 32:1, 3, 7-8.

The details of this description, like many more in the Prophets, cannot be understood by anyone, it is evident, without the internal sense. No one can understand what is meant when it says that Pharaoh is like monsters in the seas, has come forth with 2 his rivers, and has troubled the waters with his feet. Nor can anyone know what is meant when it says that the heavens will be covered above him, the stars will be darkened, and all the bright lights will be darkened; also that the sun will be covered with a cloud, the moon will not give its light, and darkness will be put over his land. But the internal sense shows what all these details mean; it shows that factual knowledge perverts the truths of the Church if a person uses it to enter the mysteries of faith without believing anything unless factual knowledge, indeed sensory evidence, causes him to see it. This is the internal sense of this description, as the explanation of each separate detail shows.

[7] Pharaoh is called 'king of Egypt' by virtue of the truth factual knowledge holds within it. For factual knowledge is truth as it exists in the natural, and 'king' is truth, see 1672, 1728, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4575, 4581, 4966, 5044; also, much the same is meant by the king of a people as by the people themselves, 4789, so that much the same is meant by 'Pharaoh' as by 'Egypt', but the same thing in general. ('Egypt' has been shown many times to mean factual knowledge.) Pharaoh is compared to 'monsters in the seas' because 'a monster' or 'a sea monster' means general sources of facts, 42, While 'seas' means gatherings together of them, 28. Then it is said that he has come forth with his rivers because ideas displaying intelligence are meant by 'rivers', 108, 109, 2702, 3051, but here ideas displaying insanity since they flow from sensory impressions and factual knowledge, 5196. After this it is said that he troubled the waters with his feet and stirred up their rivers because 'waters' means spiritual truths, 680, 739, 2702, 3058, 3424, 4976, 5668, and 'feet' things belonging to the natural, 2162, 3147, 3761, 3986, 4280, 4938-4952, so that 'troubling the waters with one's feet' is defiling and perverting the truths of faith by means of factual knowledge which the natural possesses. And 'stirring up their rivers' is doing the same to intelligence.

[8] Finally it is said that when he is blotted out the heavens will be covered, because 'the heavens' means a person's interiors, since these are his heavens. They are 'closed' when factual knowledge holds sway over the truths of faith, that is, when the natural holds sway over the spiritual. When this is the situation the cognitions or knowledge of truth and good perish, meant by 'I will darken the stars of the heavens, and all the bright lights'; for 'the stars' are those cognitions, see 2495, 2849, 4697, and 'the lights' are forms of good and truth, 30-38. The inability of the good of love to flow in any longer at that time is meant by 'I will cover the sun with a cloud', and the inability of the good of faith to flow in by 'the moon will not give its light' - 'the sun' being the good of love, and 'the moon the good of faith, see 1519, 1530, 2120, 2495, 3636, 3643, 4060, 4696. The occupation therefore of the natural mind by falsities alone is meant by 'I will put darkness over your land' - 'darkness' being falsities, 1839, 1860, 4418, 4531, and 'Pharaoh's land' or 'the land of Egypt' being the natural mind, 5276, 5278, 5280, 5288, 5701. From all this one may now see what the meaning is within the details of this prophecy. Since 'Pharaoh' means factual knowledge in general he also means the natural in general, 5799.

Сноски:

1. These verses in Jeremiah 47 refer to the Philistines, though Pharaoh is mentioned in verse 1. Chapter Jeremiah 46 deals specifically with Egypt and Pharaoh.

2. Reading cum (with) for ex (from)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.