The White Horse #12
12. The Word has been written through correspondences, and thus through representative ideas
The Word as regards its literal sense has been written through correspondences alone, and thus through such things as represent and signify the spiritual aspects of heaven and the Church: 1404, 1408-1409, 1540, 1619, 1659, 1709, 1783, 2179, 2763, 2899. This was done because of the internal sense in each particular instance: 2899; thus too for the sake of heaven, since those who are in heaven do not understand the Word according to its literal or natural sense but according to its internal, or spiritual sense: 2899. The Lord spoke through correspondences, through representative and signifying ideas, because He spoke from His divine being: 9049, 9063, 9086, 10126, 10276. The Lord thus spoke directly to the world and at the same time to heaven: 2533, 4807, 9049, 9063, 9086. Whatever the Lord spoke filled the whole of heaven: 1 4637. The historical narratives of the Word are representative, and their actual words have significances: 1540, 1659, 1709, 1783, 2686. The Word could not have been written in any other style for there to be communication through it with heaven: 2899, 6943, 9401. Those who treat the Word with contempt because of its simple and seemingly uncultivated style, and think that they would accept it if it had been written in a different style, are greatly mistaken: 8783. Also, the manner and style of writing of the most ancient authors was through correspondences and representative ideas: 605, 1756, 9942. I found through my own experience that the wise men of ancient times were delighted by the Word, because they found there representative and significant ideas: 2592-2593. If someone of the most ancient Church had read the Word, he would have seen clearly those things which are in the internal sense and obscurely those things in the external sense: 4493. The sons of Jacob were brought down into the land of Canaan because all places in that land were from very ancient times made representative: 1585, 3686, 4447, 5136, 6516; and so that the Word might be written there, where places were to be named because of their internal meaning: 3686, 4447, 5136, 6516. But in fact the Word in its external sense was altered on account of that people, though not as regards its internal sense: 10453, 10461, 10603-10604. Many passages from the Word are quoted about that nation, which must however be understood according to their internal sense-that is, other than according to the literal sense: 7051. Since that nation represented the Church, and because the Word was written among and about that nation, therefore heavenly ideas were signified by their names, for example Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Ephraim, Joseph and the rest; and by Judah in the internal sense is signified the Lord as regards celestial love, and His heavenly kingdom: 3654, 3881, 5583, 5782, 6362-6381.
So that it may be known what are the correspondences and their nature, and what is the nature of the representations in the Word, something will also be said about those. All things which correspond also represent and then signify something, such that correspondences and representations go together as one: 2896, 2899, 2973, 2987, 2989-2990, 3002, 3225. What those correspondences and representations are, from my own experience and examples: 2763, 2987-3002, 3213-3226, 3337-3352, 3472-3485, 4218-4228, 9280. The knowledge of correspondences and representations was the most important field of knowledge among the ancients: 3021, 3419, 4280, 4749, 4844, 4964, 4966, 6004, 7729, 10252; especially among people in eastern parts: 5702, 6692, 7097, 7779, 9391, 10252, 10407; in Egypt more than other places: 5702, 6692, 7097, 7779, 9391, 10407; even among the Gentiles, for example in Greece and elsewhere: 2762, 7729. But today it is among the lost fields of knowledge, especially in Europe: 2894-2895, 2995, 3630, 3632, 3747-3749, 4581, 4966, 10252. But always that type of knowledge is more important than all others, since without it the Word is not understood; nor are the rites of the Jewish Church which are written about in the Word; nor is it known what the nature of heaven is, nor is it known what that which is spiritual is, nor how it happens that there is an inflowing of the spiritual into the natural, nor how there is an inflowing of the soul into the body, and many other things: 4280, and in passages cited above. All things which appear among spirits and angels are representative in accord with correspondences: 1971, 3213-3226, 3475, 3485, 9457, 9481, 9576-9577. Heaven is full of representations: 1521, 1532, 1619. Representations are more beautiful and perfect the more interior they are in heaven: 3475. Representations there are real appearances since they come from the light of heaven, which is the divine truth; and this itself is the essential part of all things that are in existence: 3485.
The reason why every single thing in the spiritual world is represented in the natural world is that what is internal clothes itself as appropriate in what is its external guise, through which it presents itself visibly, and becomes apparent: 6275, 6284, 6299. Thus, an end clothes itself in suitable guises in order to present itself as a cause in a lower sphere, and then as an effect in a still lower sphere; and when an end passes by way of a cause into an effect, it presents itself visibly, or becomes apparent right before the eyes: 5711.
This is illustrated by the inflowing of the soul into the body: namely, the soul is clothed with such things in the body through which everything it thinks and wishes can present itself and become apparent visibly; therefore when thought flows down into the body it is represented by such gestures and actions as correspond to it: 2988. Quite clearly the feelings of the mind are represented in the face by its various expressions, to such an extent that they are seen there: 4791-4805, 5695. From this it is plain that in every single thing within the natural order there lies hidden deep inside a cause and an end from the spiritual world: 3562, 5711 since things which are in the natural order are final effects, within which are prior causes: 4240, 4939, 5651, 6275, 6284, 6299, 9216. Whatever is internal is that which is represented, and what is external that which serves to represent it: 4292.
What correspondences and representations are may be further seen in the work Heaven and Hell, where the correspondence of all things of heaven with all human things is dealt with: 87-102; the correspondence of heaven with all things of earth: 103-115; and representations and appearances in heaven: 170-176.
Since all things in the natural order are representative of spiritual and celestial realities, in ancient times there were churches in which all the external observances or rituals were representative: 519, 521, 2896. The Church was set up among the children of Israel as a representative church: 1003, 2179, 10149. There all the rituals were external forms representing the internal things of heaven and the Church: 4288, 4874. The representative things of the Church and worship ceased when the Lord came into the world and manifested Himself, because the Lord revealed the internal things of the Church, and all things of that Church, in a supreme sense, had regard to Him: 4835.
Примітки:
1. pervaserint totum caelum (De Equo Albo), impleverint universum coelum (De Nova Hierosolyma). The latter stands closer to what Swedenborg has [...] in the entry in his index which he's drawing on here. On the assumption that De Equo Albo is subsequent to De Nova Hierosolyma, this exemplifies Swedenborg's continual effort to refine his wording, though I'm not sure why he changed from impleo to pervado:' the Revd John Elliott, who has noted many similar refinings.
属天的奥秘 #9340
9340. “我要定你的边界, 从红海直到非利士海” 表从记忆真理到信之内层真理的延伸或全范围. 这从 “从一个地方到另一个地方定边界”,
“红海” 和 “非利士海” 的含义清楚可知:
“从一个地方到另一个地方定边界” 当论及属灵真理时, 是指延伸或全范围;
“红海” 是指感官层的记忆真理, 也就是人类心智的最低层, 因为红海是埃及地的最后边界,
“埃及” 表示两种意义上记忆知识, 也就是真实的记忆知识和虚假的记忆知识 (参看1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, 2588, 4749, 4964, 4966, 5700, 6004, 6015, 6125, 6651, 6679, 6683, 6692, 6750, 7779节的末尾,7926, 8146, 8148节), 在此是指记忆真理, 即真实的记忆知识, 因为所论述的主题是以色列人当中的信之属灵事物的延伸或全范围, 而以色列人代表属灵教会 (参看4286, 4598, 6426, 6637, 6862, 6868, 7035, 7062, 7198, 7201, 7215, 7223, 8805节);
“非利士海” 是指信之内层真理.
“非利士海” 之所以表示这些真理, 是因为推罗和西顿所在的海是非利士地的边界,
“推罗和西顿” 表示关于真理和良善的认知或知识 (1201节); 而 “非利士地” 表示信之内层事物的知识 (1197, 2504, 2726, 3463节).
由于 “迦南地” 代表主的国度, 也就是天堂和教会, 所以那地上的所有地方都表示诸如形成主的国度, 或天堂和教会一部分的那类事物, 这些事物被称为属天和属灵事物, 都与对主之爱的良善和对主之信的真理有关. 因此, 作为边界的海与河表示那里的终级事物; 因此,
“从海到海”,
“从河到河” 表示这些事物的延伸或全范围, 这一点可见于前文 (1585, 1866, 4116, 4240, 6516节). 由此可见,
“从红海直到非利士海的边界” 表示真理的属灵事物从外在事物到内在事物, 因而从记忆真理到信之内层真理的延伸或范围. 但属天事物, 也就是爱之良善的各个方面的延伸或范围则以接下来的话来描述, 即 “从旷野直到大河”. 迦南地的各个地方, 包括海与河, 在圣言中都具有这种含义, 这一点在解释的各个地方都已经说明.
必须简要说明 “从记忆真理到信之内层真理的延伸或全范围” 是什么意思. 存在于外在人中的真理被称为 “记忆真理”, 而存在于内在人中的真理被称为 “信之内层真理”. 记忆真理在人的记忆中, 当它们从记忆中被提取出来时, 就会进入这个人的直接意识. 但信之内层真理是铭刻在内在人上的生命真理本身, 它们很少出现在记忆中. 不过, 关于这个主题, 蒙主的神性怜悯, 我将在别处予以详述. 记忆真理和信之内层真理由 “穹苍之下的水和穹苍之下的水” (创世记 1:6, 7; 24节) 来表示, 因为创世记第一章在内义上论述的主题是一个属天教会成员的新造或重生.
与迦南地接壤, 一直延伸到推罗和西顿的 “非利士” 之所以表示信之内层真理, 是因为代表性的古教会一直在那里, 这从其居民当中的神性敬拜的残迹明显看出来, 论述非利士人和非利士地的圣言历史章节和预言部分提到这些残迹 (在预言部分, 如耶利米书 25:20; 47以后的经文; 以西结书 16:27, 57; 25:15, 16; 阿摩司书 1:8; 西番雅书 2:5; 撒迦利亚书 9:6; 诗篇 56:1; *60:8; 83:7; 108:9). 非利士人的情况和迦南地的所有民族是一样的, 因为他们既可代表教会的良善和真理, 也可代表邪恶和虚假. 当代表性的古教会存在于他们中间时, 他们代表属良善的属天事物和属真理的属灵事物. 但当他们背弃真正的代表性敬拜时, 就开始代表属邪恶的魔鬼事物和属虚假的地狱事物. 正因如此,
“非利士” 和迦南地的其它民族一样, 在圣言中既可表示良善和真理, 也可表示邪恶和虚假.
“非利士人” 表示信之内层真理, 这一点明显可见于诗篇:
神的城啊, 有荣耀的事乃指着你说的. 我要提起拉哈伯和巴比伦人, 是在认识我的人中; 也提起非利士和推罗并古实; 这人生在那里.(诗篇 87:3, 4)
“神的城” 表示取自圣言的信之真理的教义 (402, 2268, 2449, 2712, 2943, 3216, 4492, 4493, 5297节);
“推罗” 表示关于真理和良善的认知或知识 (1201节);
“非利士” 表示信之真理的知识.
阿摩司书
以色列人哪, 我岂不看你们如古实人吗? 我岂不是使以色列人从埃及地, 使非利士人从迦斐托, 亚兰人从吉珥上来吗? (阿摩司书 9:7)
这论及教会建立之后, 对它的败坏和摧毁;
“古实人” 在此是指那些拥有关良善和真理的认知识或知识, 但却用来证实邪恶和虚假的人 (1163, 1164节);
“从埃及地上来的以色列人” 是指那些通过记忆真理被带入属灵真理和良善的人,
“以色列人” 是指那些拥有属灵真理和良善的人, 因而在抽象意义上是指属灵真理和良善 (参看5414, 5801, 5803, 5806, 5812, 5817, 5819, 5826, 5833, 5879, 5951, 7957, 8234节),
“埃及地” 是指记忆真理, 如前所示.
“从迦斐托上来的非利士人” 和 “从吉珥上来的亚兰人” 所表相同, 因此, 他们被比作这些人.
“从迦斐托上来的非利士人” 是指那些通过外层真理被带入内层真理, 却败坏它们, 并用来证实虚假和邪恶的人 (1197, 1198, 3412, 3413, 3762, 8093, 8096, 8099, 8313节); 而 “从吉珥上来的亚兰人” 是指那些拥有关于良善和真理的认知或知识的人, 他们同样败坏这些认知或知识 (1232, 1234, 3051, 3249, 3664, 3680, 4112节).
耶利米书:
因为日子将到, 要荒废一切非利士人, 剪除帮助推罗, 西顿所剩下的人. 原来耶和华荒废非利士人, 就是迦斐托海岛余剩的人.(耶利米书 47:4)
这一章论述的主题是教会在信之真理方面的荒废;
“非利士人” 表示信之内层真理;
“迦斐托海岛余剩的人” 表示外层真理.
约珥书:
推罗, 西顿和非利士一切的边界哪, 你们与我何干? 我必使报应速速归到你们的头上. 你们既然夺取我的金银, 又将我可爱的宝物带入你们的庙宇.(约珥书 3:4-5)
“非利士一切的边界” 表示信之一切内层真理和外层真理;
“将金银和可爱的宝物带入他们的庙宇” 表示败坏真理和良善, 并通过把它们与邪恶和虚假放在一起而亵渎它们.
“银和金” 表示真理和良善 (参看1551, 2954, 5658, 6112, 6914, 6917, 8932节).
俄巴底亚书:
那时, 南地的人, 必承受以扫山和非利士人的平原; 他们必成为继承以法莲田地的人; 便雅悯人必承受基列.(俄巴底亚书 1:19)
这论及教会的建立; 但这些名字暗含真实的属灵事物;
“南地的人” 是指那些住在真理之光中的人 (1458, 3195, 3708, 5672, 5962节);
“以扫山” 是指爱之良善 (3300, 3322, 3494, 3504, 3576节);
“非利士人的平原” 是指信之真理,
“平原” 也指信之教义 (2418节);
“以法莲” 是指教会的理解力 (3969, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267节);
“便雅悯” 是指教会的属灵-属天真理 (3969, 4592, 5686, 5689, 6440节);
“基列” 是指相应的外层良善 (4117, 4124, 4747节).
以赛亚书:
祂必聚集以色列被赶散的人, 又从地的四角招集分散的犹大人. 他们要向海飞, 扑在非利士人的肩头上, 一同掳掠东方人.(以赛亚书 11:12, 14)
此处 “以色列” 和 “犹大” 不是指以色列和犹大; 相反,
“以色列” 表示那些处于信之良善的人,
“犹大” 表示那些处于爱之良善的人;
“飞扑在非利士人的肩头上” 表示接受并拥有信之内层真理;
“掳掠东方人” 表示接受并拥有信之内层良善; 因为 “东方人” 是指那些处于信之良善和良善的知识之人 (3249, 3762节).
“掳掠” 表示接受并拥有, 这一点从前面关于以色列人掠夺埃及人的说明6914, 6917节) 可以看出来.
由于 “非利士地” 表示信之内层真理的知识, 亚伯拉罕和以撒代表主, 这两人的寄居表示主在信和爱的真理和良善上的教导, 这些教导属于神的智慧, 所以为了预示这一过程, 或为了给这一过程提供一个形像化的代表, 亚伯拉罕被吩咐寄居在非利士 (参看创世记 20章), 以撒也是如此 (创世记 26:1-24); 因此, 非利士人的王亚比米勒也与亚伯拉罕立约 (创世记 21:22到最后), 也与以撒立约 (创世记 26:26到最后). 关于这个主题, 可参看这些章节所给出的解释.
