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Leviticus 4

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1 Ja Issand rääkis Moosesega, öeldes:

2 'Räägi Iisraeli lastega ja ütle: Kui keegi kogemata patustab ja teeb mõne Issanda käsu vastu midagi, mida ei tohi teha, siis:

3 kui pattu teeb võitud preester, koormates rahvast süüga, siis ta peab patu pärast, mida ta on teinud, tooma ühe veatu noore härjavärsi Issandale patuohvriks.

4 Ta viigu härjavärss kogudusetelgi ukse juurde Issanda ette ja pangu oma käsi härjavärsi pea peale ning tapku härjavärss Issanda ees!

5 Ja võitud preester võtku härjavärsi veri ning viigu kogudusetelki!

6 Siis preester kastku oma sõrm verre ja tilgutagu verd Issanda ees seitse korda pühamu eesriide ees!

7 Ja preester määrigu verd Issanda ees kogudusetelgis oleva healõhnalise suitsutusohvri altari sarvedele ning valagu kõik härjavärsi veri põletusohvrialtari aluse kõrvale, mis on kogudusetelgi ukse juures!

8 Ja ta võtku ära kõik patuohvri härjavärsi rasv, sisikonda kattev rasv, kõik rasv, mis on sisikonna küljes,

9 mõlemad neerud ja rasv, mis on nende küljes nimmetel, ja maksarasv, mis ta eraldagu neerude juurest

10 samal viisil, nagu see eraldatakse tänuohvrihärjast; ja preester süüdaku see põlema põletusohvrialtaril!

11 Aga härjavärsi nahk ja kõik tema liha koos pea ja jalgadega, sisikond ja rupskid,

12 kogu ülejäänud härjavärss ta viigu väljapoole leeri ühte puhtasse paika, kuhu kallatakse tuhka, ja ta põletagu see tulega puude peal; seal, kuhu tuhk kallatakse, tuleb see põletada!

13 Ja kui kogu Iisraeli kogudus eksib, aga nõnda, et koguduse silma eest jääb varjatuks, et nad on teinud mõne Issanda käsu vastu midagi, mida ei tohi teha, ja saavad süüdlasteks,

14 ja patt, mida nad on teinud, saab ometi teatavaks, siis kogudus toogu üks noor härjavärss patuohvriks ja viigu see kogudusetelgi ette!

15 Koguduse vanemad pangu oma käed härjavärsi pea peale Issanda ees ja härjavärss tapetagu Issanda ees!

16 Ja võitud preester viigu härjavärsi veri kogudusetelki!

17 Preester kastku oma sõrm verre ja tilgutagu seitse korda Issanda ees, eesriide ees!

18 Ja ta määrigu verd altari sarvedele, mis on Issanda ees kogudusetelgis, aga kõik ülejäänud veri ta valagu põletusohvrialtari alusele, mis on kogudusetelgi ukse ees!

19 Ja ta eraldagu sellest kõik rasv ning süüdaku altaril põlema

20 ja talitagu härjavärsiga nõnda, nagu ta talitas patuohvri härjavärsiga; ta talitagu sellega selsamal viisil! Kui preester nõnda on neile lepitust toimetanud, siis antakse neile andeks.

21 Ta viigu härjavärss väljapoole leeri ja põletagu see ära, nõnda nagu ta põletas eelmise härjavärsi; see on koguduse patuohver!

22 Kui üks vürst patustab ja kogemata teeb Issanda, oma Jumala mõne käsu vastu midagi, mida ei tohi teha, ja saab süüdlaseks,

23 aga temale tehakse teatavaks ta patt, mida ta on teinud, siis ta viigu oma ohvrianniks üks veatu sikk!

24 Ta pangu oma käsi siku pea peale ja tapku see selles paigas, kus Issanda ees põletusohvrit tapetakse; see on patuohver!

25 Preester võtku sõrmega patuohvri verd ja määrigu põletusohvri altari sarvedele, aga ülejäänud veri ta valagu põletusohvri altari aluse kõrvale!

26 Ja ta süüdaku kõik selle rasv altaril põlema, nõnda nagu tänuohvri rasv; kui preester on tema ees lepitust teinud ta patu pärast, siis antakse temale andeks!

27 Kui keegi maa rahva seast kogemata patustab, tehes mõne Issanda käsu vastu midagi, mida ei tohi teha, ja saab süüdlaseks,

28 aga temale saab teatavaks ta patt, mida ta on teinud, siis ta toogu ohvrianniks üks veatu kits, emane loom, oma patu pärast, mida ta on teinud,

29 ja pangu oma käsi patuohvri pea peale ning tapku patuohver põletusohvri paigas!

30 Preester võtku sõrmega verd ja määrigu põletusohvri altari sarvedele, aga kõik ülejäänud veri ta valagu altari aluse kõrvale!

31 Ja ta võtku ära kõik rasv, nõnda nagu võetakse rasv tänuohvrist, ja preester süüdaku see altaril põlema meeldivaks lõhnaks Issandale! Kui preester nõnda on tema eest lepitust teinud, siis antakse temale andeks.

32 Aga kui ta toob oma patuohvrianniks lambatalle, siis ta toogu veatu emane loom

33 ja pangu oma käsi patuohvri pea peale ning tapku see patuohvriks paigas, kus põletusohvrit tapetakse!

34 Preester võtku sõrmega patuohvri verd ja määrigu põletusohvrialtari sarvedele, aga kõik ülejäänud veri ta valagu altari aluse kõrvale!

35 Ja ta võtku ära kõik selle rasv, nõnda nagu võetakse tänuohvri lambatalle rasv, ja preester süüdaku see altaril põlema Issanda tuleohvrite peal! Kui preester temale ta patu pärast, mida ta on teinud, on lepitust teinud, siis antakse temale andeks.

   

De obras de Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #9938

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9938. 'Which the children of Israel shall sanctify, even in all their gifts of holy things' means acts of worship representative of removal from sins. This is clear from the meaning of 'gifts' - or presents, which among the Israelite and Jewish nation were primarily burnt offerings, sacrifices, and minchahs - as the inner realities of acts of worship; for those realities were represented by these acts. The inner realities of worship are the fruits of love and faith; they are therefore pardonings of sins, that is, removals from them, since faith and love are the means by which the Lord moves sins away. For in the measure that the good of love and faith comes in, or what amounts to the same thing, heaven comes in, sins are removed, that is, hell is removed - the hell within the person as well as the hell outside him. From this it is evident what should be understood by the gifts which they made holy, that is, offered. The gifts were called holy, and giving or offering them was called sanctifying them, because they represented holy realities. For they were offered to expiate people, thus to remove them from their sins, which is accomplished by means of faith in and love to the Lord received from the Lord.

[2] Gifts and presents were said to be made to Jehovah, though Jehovah, that is, the Lord, is not the receiver of gifts or presents, but the giver of them, freely to everyone. Even so, His will is that they should come from a person as though they did so from that person himself, provided the person acknowledges that they do not actually come from him but from the Lord. For the Lord imparts a desire to do good because he loves it, and a desire to speak the truth because he believes it. The actual desire flows in from the Lord, yet appears to be inherent in the person and so to flow from the person. For whatever a person does out of love and desire for it, he does from his life, love being what composes anyone's life. From this it is evident that the things that are called gifts and presents made to the Lord by a person are essentially gifts and presents made to a person by the Lord, and that they are called gifts and presents on account of what they appear to be. All who are wise at heart recognize this appearance, but not so the simple. Yet their gifts and presents are acceptable, so far as they are made in ignorance that has innocence within it. Innocence is the good of love to God, and dwells within ignorance, especially with the wise at heart. Those who are wise at heart know, indeed perceive, that nothing whatever of the wisdom within themselves originates in themselves, but that the all of wisdom is attributable to the Lord, that is, the all of the good of love and the all of the truth of faith are attributable to Him, and that for this reason even with the wise innocence dwells in ignorance. From this it is evident that the acknowledgement of this matter, and especially the perception of it, constitutes the innocence of wisdom.

[3] The gifts offered in the Jewish Church, which were primarily burnt offerings, sacrifices, and minchahs, were also spoken of as offerings made for the expiations of sins; for they were offered for the sake of being pardoned from sins, that is, being removed from them. Those who belonged to that Church also thought that sins were pardoned, indeed completely taken away, by means of these offerings; for it is said of people who have offered them that they will be pardoned, see Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30. But they were unaware of the fact that their gifts represented more internal things, thus the kinds of things that are done by a person from love and faith received from the Lord; that these are what expiate, that is, remove sins; and that when they have been removed they appear to have been completely removed or banished, as has been shown above in the present paragraph and the one before it. The worship of that nation was representative, and so was external devoid of anything internal; and it was by means of this worship that heaven was joined to mankind, in those times, see the places referred to in 9320 (end), 9380.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

De obras de Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #8588

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8588. 'And Meribah' means the essential nature of the complaining. This is clear from the consideration that in the original language Meribah means contention or wrangling, and 'wrangling' means complaining, 8563, 8566; and since also names mean the essential nature of something, 8587, 'Meribah' here means the essential nature of the complaining. As regards the specific temptation here and the essential nature of it, it should be recognized that those people are being described here who in temptations almost give in; that is to say, they complain against heaven, also against the Divine Himself, and at length almost cease to believe in God's providence. These things are meant in the internal sense by what has gone before and also by what follows in the present verse; they are the essential nature of the state of the temptation, meant by 'Massah', and the essential nature of the complaining in the temptation, meant by 'Meribah'. The fact that the latter is meant here by 'Meribah' is evident in David,

You called on Me in distress, and I rescued you; I answered you in the hiding place. I tested you by the waters of Meribah. Psalms 81:7.

[2] But the internal historical sense, in which the religious condition of the Israelite nation is the subject, describes the nature of their attitude towards Jehovah. It was such that when they asked Him for aid they refused to plead for it, and instead demanded it. The reason for this was that when they saw miracles their acknowledgement of Jehovah as the Supreme Deity did not exist in their heart, only on their lips. The fact that there was no acknowledgement of Him in their heart is perfectly clear from the Egyptian calf which they made for themselves and worshipped, saying that these were their gods, and also from their frequent apostasy, regarding which see 8301. These are the matters that the internal historical sense describes here; but the internal spiritual sense describes the essential nature of the temptation when those undergoing it are brought to the final phase before their deliverance.

[3] The fact that the character of the Israelite nation and their religious condition are described by their contending with Moses at Massah and Meribah is also clear in David,

Do not harden your heart as in Meribah, as in the day of Massah, in the wilderness, where your fathers tempted Me; they tempted Me, and saw My work. For forty years I loathed [that] generation, and said, They are a people who err in their heart and have not known My ways, to whom I swore in My anger, They shall not enter My rest. Psalms 95:8-11.

In Moses,

You shall not tempt Jehovah your God, as you tempted [Him] in Massah. Deuteronomy 6:16.

In the same author,

Furthermore in Taberah and in Massah and in Kibroth Hattaavah, you were rebels against Jehovah from the day I knew you. Deuteronomy 9:22, 24.

In the same author,

Of Levi he said, Your Thummim and your Urim shall be for the Holy Man (Vir) whom you tempted in Massah; you contended with Him at the waters of Meribah. Deuteronomy 33:8-9

'The Holy Man' here stands for the Lord, whom they tempted, and whom

Moses and Aaron 'did not honour as holy'.

[4] In the internal historical sense, in which the religious condition of the

Israelite nation is the subject, Moses and Aaron do not represent God's truth, but the religious condition of that nation, whose leaders and heads they were, 7041. Since that religious condition was such as has been mentioned above, it was declared to the two that they would not lead the people into the land of Canaan. This is stated in the Book of Numbers as follows,

Jehovah said to Moses and Aaron, Because you did not believe in Me and honour Me as holy in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore you will not bring this congregation into the land which I have given them. These are the waters of Meribah, because the children of Israel contended with Jehovah. Numbers 20:12-13; 27:14.

And in the same book,

Aaron will be gathered to his people, and will not enter the land which I have given to the children of Israel, because you rebelled against My word 1 at the waters of Meribah. Numbers 20:24.

The like is said of Moses at Deuteronomy 32:49-51.

[5] Among that nation representative worship of God was nevertheless established because representative worship could have been established among any nation that thought the outward things of worship were holy and venerated them in a virtually idolatrous manner. For a representative has no regard to the person who represents, only to the reality represented, 1361; and that nation was by disposition such, more than any other nation, that outward things devoid of anything internal were altogether venerated by them as being holy and Divine. They were such that they revered their fathers - Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and later on Moses and David - as demi-gods. In addition they venerated as being holy and Divine, and worshipped, every piece of stone or wood dedicated to their worship of God, such as the Ark, the tables there, the lampstand, the altar, Aaron's vestments, the Urim and Thummim, and later on the temple. By means of outward things such as these at that time communication of the angels of heaven with mankind was in the Lord's providence made possible; for the Church, or a representative of the Church, must exist somewhere, in order that heaven may be in communication with the human race. And since that nation more than any other could make Divine worship consist in outward things, and so could act as a representative of the Church, that nation was the one to be adopted.

[6] The communication with angels in heaven by means of representatives was effected at that time in the following way. People's outward worship was conveyed to angelic spirits who are simple and give no thought to inward values, though they are themselves nevertheless good inwardly. Such spirits are those who in the Grand Man correspond to the skin. They pay no attention at all to what is in a person inwardly, only to what is visible outwardly; and if this is seen by them to be holy they think that what is inward is so too. The more internal angels of heaven saw in these spirits the realities that were being represented, consequently the corresponding heavenly and Divine values; for they could reside with these spirits and see those values, but not with men, except through those spirits. Angels dwell with men in their inward values; but when no inward values are there, they dwell in the interiors of simple spirits; for the wisdom of angels extends only to spiritual and celestial values, which are the inward realities of representatives. From this brief explanation one may recognize how communication with heaven through such a people could be made possible. But see what has been shown already on this matter:

Among the Jews the holiness of their worship was carried up outside themselves into heaven in a miraculous fashion, 4307. The descendants of Jacob were able to represent what was holy, irrespective of what they were really like, provided that the religious observances which had been commanded were carried out precisely, 3147, 3479, 3480, 3881 (end), 4208, 4281, 4288, 4289, 4293, 4307, 4444, 4500, 4680, 4825, 4844, 4847, 4899, 4912, 6304, 6306, 7048, 7051, 8301 (end).

Notas a pie de página:

1. literally, mouth

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.