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maastamuutto 21

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1 "Nämä ovat ne oikeudet, jotka sinun tulee asettaa heidän eteensä:

2 Jos sinä ostat hebrealaisen orjan, niin hän palvelkoon kuusi vuotta, mutta seitsemäntenä hän pääsköön vapaaksi maksutta.

3 Jos hän on tullut yksinäisenä, niin yksinäisenä lähteköönkin; mutta jos hän oli nainut, niin lähteköön vaimo hänen kanssaan.

4 Jos hänen isäntänsä on antanut hänelle vaimon, ja tämä on synnyttänyt hänelle poikia tai tyttäriä, niin vaimo lapsinensa jääköön isännän omaksi, ja hän lähteköön yksinään.

5 Mutta jos orja vakuuttaa: 'Minä rakastan isäntääni, vaimoani ja lapsiani enkä tahdo päästä vapaaksi',

6 niin hänen isäntänsä vieköön hänet Jumalan eteen ja asettakoon hänet ovea tai pihtipieltä vasten, ja hänen isäntänsä lävistäköön hänen korvansa naskalilla, ja hän olkoon hänen orjansa ainiaan.

7 Jos joku myy tyttärensä orjaksi, älköön tämä pääskö vapaaksi, niinkuin miesorjat pääsevät.

8 Jos hän ei miellytä isäntäänsä, sitten kuin tämä jo on määrännyt hänet itsellensä, niin tämä sallikoon lunastaa hänet pois. Vieraaseen kansaan älköön hänellä olko valtaa häntä myydä, kun hän hänet hylkää.

9 Mutta jos hän määrää hänet pojallensa, niin antakoon hänen nauttia tyttärien oikeutta.

10 Jos hän ottaa itselleen toisen vaimon, niin älköön vähentäkö ensimmäiseltä tämän ravintoa, vaatetusta ja aviollista oikeutta.

11 Jos hän ei tee hänelle näitä kolmea, niin lähteköön vaimo pois maksutta ja rahakorvauksetta.

12 Joka lyö ihmistä, niin että tämä kuolee, se rangaistakoon kuolemalla.

13 Mutta jos hän ei ole tehnyt sitä murha-aikeessa, vaan Jumala on sallinut sen vahingon tapahtua hänen kätensä kautta, niin minä määrään sinulle paikan, johon hän voi paeta.

14 Mutta jos joku menettelee niin rikollisesti lähimmäistänsä kohtaan, että tappaa hänet kavalasti, on sinun otettava hänet minun alttarinikin luota surmattavaksi.

15 Joka lyö isäänsä tai äitiänsä, se rangaistakoon kuolemalla.

16 Joka varastaa ihmisen ja joko myy hänet tahi pitää häntä hallussansa, se rangaistakoon kuolemalla.

17 Joka kiroaa isäänsä tai äitiänsä, se rangaistakoon kuolemalla.

18 Jos miehet riitelevät keskenänsä ja toinen lyö toista kivellä tai nyrkillä, mutta tämä ei kuole, vaan joutuu vuoteen omaksi,

19 niin olkoon, jos hän tointuu ja voi mennä ulos sauvaansa nojaten, lyöjä vapaa rangaistuksesta; korvatkoon ainoastaan hänen sairastamisaikansa ja pitäköön huolta hänen paranemisestaan.

20 Jos joku lyö orjaansa tai orjatartaan sauvalla, niin että tämä kuolee hänen käsiinsä, niin häntä rangaistakoon.

21 Mutta jos se elää päivän tai kaksi, niin älköön lyöjää rangaistako, sillä se on hänen omaa rahaansa.

22 Jos miehet tappelevat keskenänsä ja loukkaavat raskasta vaimoa, niin että hän synnyttää kesken, mutta vahinkoa ei tapahdu, niin sakotettakoon syyllistä vaimon miehen vaatimuksen ja riidanratkaisijain harkinnan mukaan.

23 Mutta jos vahinko tapahtuu, niin annettakoon henki hengestä,

24 silmä silmästä, hammas hampaasta, käsi kädestä, jalka jalasta,

25 palovamma palovammasta, haava haavasta, mustelma mustelmasta.

26 Jos joku lyö orjaansa tai orjatartansa silmään ja turmelee sen, niin päästäköön hänet vapaaksi silmän tähden.

27 Ja jos hän lyö orjaltaan tai orjattareltaan hampaan suusta, niin päästäköön hänet vapaaksi hampaan tähden.

28 Jos härkä puskee miehen tai naisen kuoliaaksi, niin härkä kivitettäköön, älköönkä sen lihaa syötäkö; mutta härän omistaja olkoon vapaa rangaistuksesta.

29 Mutta jos härkä on ennenkin puskenut ja sen isäntää on varoitettu eikä hän ole sitä vartioinut, ja jos se tappaa miehen tai naisen, niin härkä kivitettäköön, ja myös sen isäntä rangaistakoon kuolemalla.

30 Mutta jos hänelle määrätään lunastusmaksu, niin maksakoon henkensä lunnaiksi niin paljon, kuin hänelle määrätään.

31 Jos se puskee pojan tai tytön, niin meneteltäköön saman lain mukaan.

32 Jos härkä puskee orjan tai orjattaren, niin maksakoon sen omistaja pusketun isännälle kolmekymmentä hopeasekeliä, ja härkä kivitettäköön.

33 Jos joku jättää kaivon auki tahi kaivaa kaivon eikä peitä sitä, ja härkä tai aasi putoaa siihen,

34 niin kaivon omistaja korvatkoon isännälle sen rahassa; mutta kuollut eläin olkoon hänen.

35 Jos jonkun härkä puskee toisen härän kuoliaaksi, niin myykööt elävän härän ja jakakoot sen hinnan, ja myös kuolleen jakakoot keskenään.

36 Jos taas oli tunnettua, että se härkä ennenkin oli puskenut eikä sen isäntä ollut sitä vartioinut, niin antakoon härän härästä, mutta kuollut olkoon hänen."

   

З творів Сведенборга

 

Arcana Coelestia #8974

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8974. 'When you buy a Hebrew slave' means those within the Church who are imbued with the truths of religious teachings and not with the good that accords with those truths. This is clear from the meaning of 'buying' as acquiring to oneself and making one's own, dealt with in 4397, 5374, 5397, 5406, 5410, 5426, 7999; and from the meaning of 'a Hebrew slave' as those within the Church who are imbued with the truths of religious teachings and not with the goodness of life that accords with those truths. For 'a slave' or 'a servant' has reference to those who are imbued with truth and not with complementary good, and in general to truth in relation to good, 3409. And 'Hebrew' has reference to things connected with the Church and to those connected with some servitude; for its reference to things connected with the Church, see 5136, 5236, 6675, 6684, and for its reference to those connected with some servitude, 1703, 1741, 5013.

Since the regulations that come next refer to male slaves and female slaves from the children of Israel, what they hold within them in the internal sense must be stated. Anyone can see that they contain the arcana of heaven, since they were declared and commanded by Jehovah on Mount Sinai to Moses orally, and since they follow very soon after the words of the Ten Commandments. Without such arcana they would be no more than civil and criminal laws like those of other nations on earth, which do not have any arcanum of heaven within them. But the arcana they contain are not evident except to angels in heaven. Consequently they do not become evident to people in the world except through the internal sense, because this sense teaches the way in which angels perceive the Word, and therefore teaches the arcana which the Word holds within itself. What those arcana are, and the nature of them, will be evident below from the explanation of specific details.

[2] So that a person may have a general idea of those things, a brief statement is needed to show what 'Hebrew slaves' in particular means in the internal sense. In the spiritual Church, which the children of Israel represented, there are two kinds of people. There are those who are imbued with the truth of faith but not with the complementary goodness of life, and there are those who are imbued with the good of charity and with the complementary truth of faith. Those imbued with the good of charity and complementary truth of faith constitute the truest part of the Church, being members of the internal Church. In the internal sense of the Word they are those called 'the children of Israel'. They are intrinsically free, because they are imbued with good; for those who are led by the Lord through good are free, 892, 905, 2870-2893. Those however who are imbued with the truth of faith and not with the complementary goodness of life are members of the external spiritual Church. These are the ones who are meant in the internal sense of the Word by 'Hebrew slaves'. The reason why these people are represented by slaves or servants is that relatively the things which belong to the external Church are nothing other than a body of servants. The same applies also to the relationship of the truth of faith-to the good of charity; for the truth of faith acts like a servant to lead a member of the Church into the good of charity.

[3] In addition it should be recognized that those who think that the all of the Church, thus the all of salvation, consists in the truth of faith and not in the good of charity, and also those who do good solely in a spirit of obedience and not out of love and affection, cannot be regenerated in the way that those people are who are imbued with the good of charity, that is, who do good out of love and affection. They can, it is true, be reformed, but not regenerated. The reformation of them is the subject in the internal sense at this point, in the laws regarding male slaves and female slaves. The arcana of that reformation are not known to anyone at the present day, the reason being that almost everywhere within the Church people are ignorant of what difference the truth of faith can make to salvation, and what difference the good of charity can make. Indeed people are ignorant of what charity is, and also that charity and faith must be married to each other if anything of the Church is to come into being in a person; for the marriage of goodness and truth constitutes the Church itself, because it is heaven within a person, 2173, 2618, 2728, 2729, 2803, 3132, 3155, 4434, 4823, 5194, 5502, 6179.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

З творів Сведенборга

 

Arcana Coelestia #3705

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3705. 'The land on which you are lying I will give to you' means that the good on which the Natural rested was His own in origin. This is clear from the meaning of 'the land' here as the good of the natural, dealt with below; from the meaning of 'on which you are lying' as on which it rested; and from the meaning of 'giving it to you' as His own in origin, also dealt with below. The reason 'the land' means the good of the natural, which Jacob will represent from now on, is that 'the land of Canaan' means the Lord's kingdom, 1413, 1437, 1585, 1607, 1866. And since it means the Lord's kingdom it also means in the highest sense the Lord, 3038 - for the Lord is the All in all of His kingdom, and anything there which does not originate in Him and have regard to Him is not part of His kingdom. The Lord's kingdom is also meant in the Word by 'heaven and earth', 1 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118 (end), though in this case the interior of that kingdom is meant by 'heaven' and the exterior by 'earth', 82, 1411, 1733, 3355 (end). Consequently 'heaven' in the highest sense means the Lord as regards His Divine Rational and 'earth' as regards His Divine Natural. Here therefore 'the land on which you are lying' means the Good of the Natural on which the Natural, represented by 'Jacob', rested. For 'Jacob' represents the Lord's Divine Natural, as stated many times above.

[2] Furthermore the word 'land' has various meanings, see 620, 636, 1066, 2571, 3368, 3379, the reason being that Canaan, which is called the Holy Land, means the Lord's kingdom in general; and when 'heaven' is mentioned together with 'earth', 'heaven' in that case means, as has been stated, that which is interior, 'earth' that which is exterior. This being so it also means the Lord's kingdom on earth, that is, the Church; and having that meaning, it also means a person who is the Lord's kingdom or who is the Church. With that person 'heaven' accordingly means that which is interior, 'earth' that which is exterior; or what amounts to the same, 'heaven' is the rational and 'earth' the natural since the rational exists more interiorly with man and the natural more exteriorly. And since 'land' [or 'earth'] has all these meanings it also means that which a person puts into effect - namely the good of love which he receives from the Divine - so that he may become the Lord's kingdom. From this it is evident in what way the meaning of 'land' in the Word varies.

[3] 'I will give to you' means that in origin it was His own. This becomes clear from the meaning of 'giving' in the Word when used in reference to the Lord, for as shown just above, the Lord is Divine Good and also Divine Truth, the former being called 'the Father' and the latter 'the Son'. Now because Divine Good is His and consequently that which is His own, it follows that 'giving to you', when spoken by Jehovah and used in reference to the Lord, means that which was His own in origin. From this one may see what is meant in the internal sense by the Lord's frequent reference to the Father's having given to Him - that is to say, to Himself, the Lord - as in John,

Father, glorify Your Son, that Your Son also may glorify You, as You have given Him power over all flesh, in order that all You have given Him, to them He may give eternal life. I have glorified You on earth; I have accomplished the work which You gave Me to do. I have manifested Your name to the men whom You gave Me out of the world; Yours they were, and You gave them to Me. Now they know that everything which You have given Me is from You; for the words which You gave Me I have given to them. I am praying for those whom You have given Me, for they are Yours; for all things that are Mine are Yours, and Yours are Mine. John 17:1-2, 4, 6-10.

Each reference here to the Father's giving means originating in the Divine Good that was His, and so in that which was His own.

[4] From this one may see how great an arcanum lies within the particular words spoken by the Lord, and also how greatly different the sense of the letter is from the internal sense, and more so from the highest sense. The Lord spoke in this fashion in order that mankind which at that time had no knowledge at all of any Divine truth might nevertheless be enabled in its own way to grasp and so accept the Word, while angels did so in theirs, for the angels knew that Jehovah and He were one and that the Father was Divine Good. For this reason also they knew that when He spoke of the Father giving to Him He would be giving to Himself and so drawing on what was His own.

Примітки:

1. or land

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.