Bibliorum

 

Jeremia 33

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1 Und das Wort Jehovas geschah zum zweiten Male zu Jeremia, als er noch im Gefängnishofe verhaftet war, also:

2 So spricht Jehova, der es tut, Jehova, der es bildet, um es zu verwirklichen, Jehova ist sein Name:

3 Rufe zu mir, und ich will dir antworten und will dir große und unerreichbare Dinge kundtun, die du nicht weißt.

4 Denn so spricht Jehova, der Gott Israels, über die Häuser dieser Stadt und über die Häuser der Könige von Juda, welche abgebrochen werden wegen der Wälle und wegen des Schwertes;

5 indem man kommt, um gegen die Chaldäer zu streiten und die Häuser mit den Leichnamen der Menschen zu füllen, welche ich in meinem Zorn und in meinem Grimm geschlagen, und um all deren Bosheit willen ich mein Angesicht vor dieser Stadt verborgen habe:

6 Siehe, ich will ihr einen Verband anlegen und Heilung bringen und sie heilen, und ich will ihnen eine Fülle von Frieden und Wahrheit offenbaren.

7 Und ich werde die Gefangenschaft Judas und die Gefangenschaft Israels wenden, und werde sie bauen wie im Anfang.

8 Und ich werde sie reinigen von all ihrer Ungerechtigkeit, womit sie gegen mich gesündigt haben; und ich werde alle ihre Missetaten vergeben, womit sie gegen mich gesündigt haben und womit sie von mir abgefallen sind.

9 Und sie soll mir zum Freudennamen, zum Ruhm und zum Schmuck sein bei allen Nationen der Erde, welche all das Gute hören werden, das ich ihnen tue. Und sie werden zittern und beben über all das Gute und über all den Frieden, den ich ihr angedeihen lasse. -

10 So spricht Jehova: An diesem Orte, von dem ihr saget: "Er ist verödet, ohne Menschen und ohne Vieh", in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen Jerusalems, die verwüstet sind, ohne Menschen und ohne Bewohner und ohne Vieh, wird wiederum gehört werden die Stimme der Wonne

11 und die Stimme der Freude, die Stimme des Bräutigams und die Stimme der Braut, die Stimme derer, welche sagen: Lobet Jehova der Heerscharen, denn Jehova ist gütig, denn seine Güte währt ewiglich! Die Stimme derer, welche Lob in das Haus Jehovas bringen. Denn ich werde die Gefangenschaft des Landes wenden wie im Anfang, spricht Jehova.

12 So spricht Jehova der Heerscharen: An diesem Orte, der verödet ist, ohne Menschen und ohne Vieh, und in allen seinen Städten wird wiederum eine Wohnung sein für die Hirten, welche Herden lagern lassen.

13 In den Städten des Gebirges, in den Städten der Niederung und in den Städten des Südens, und im Lande Benjamin und in den Umgebungen von Jerusalem und in den Städten Judas werden wiederum die Herden unter den Händen des Zählers vorüberziehen, spricht Jehova.

14 Siehe, Tage kommen, spricht Jehova, da ich das gute Wort erfüllen werde, welches ich über das Haus Israel und über das Haus Juda geredet habe.

15 In jenen Tagen und zu jener Zeit werde ich dem David einen Sproß der Gerechtigkeit hervorsprossen lassen, und er wird Recht und Gerechtigkeit üben im Lande.

16 In jenen Tagen wird Juda gerettet werden und Jerusalem in Sicherheit wohnen; und dies wird der Name sein, mit welchem man es benennen wird: Jehova, unsere Gerechtigkeit.

17 Denn so spricht Jehova: Nie soll es dem David an einem Manne fehlen, der auf dem Throne des Hauses Israel sitze.

18 Und den Priestern, den Leviten, soll es nie an einem Manne vor mir fehlen, der Brandopfer opfere und Speisopfer anzünde und Schlachtopfer zurichte alle Tage. -

19 Und das Wort Jehovas geschah zu Jeremia also:

20 So spricht Jehova: Wenn ihr meinen Bund betreffs des Tages und meinen Bund betreffs der Nacht brechen könnt, so daß Tag und Nacht nicht mehr seien zu ihrer Zeit,

21 so wird auch mein Bund mit meinem Knechte David gebrochen werden, daß er keinen Sohn habe, der auf seinem Throne König sei, und auch mit den Leviten, den Priestern, meinen Dienern.

22 Wie das Heer des Himmels nicht gezählt und der Sand des Meeres nicht gemessen werden kann, also werde ich den Samen Davids, meines Knechtes, und die Leviten mehren, die mir dienen. -

23 Und das Wort Jehovas geschah zu Jeremia also:

24 Hast du nicht gesehen, was dieses Volk redet, indem es spricht: "Die zwei Geschlechter, welche Jehova erwählt hatte, die hat er verworfen"? Und so verachten sie mein Volk, so daß es vor ihnen keine Nation mehr ist.

25 So spricht Jehova: Wenn nicht mein Bund betreffs des Tages und der Nacht besteht, wenn ich nicht die Ordnungen des Himmels und der Erde festgesetzt habe,

26 so werde ich auch den Samen Jakobs und Davids, meines Knechtes, verwerfen, daß ich nicht mehr von seinem Samen Herrscher nehme über den Samen Abrahams, Isaaks und Jakobs. Denn ich werde ihre Gefangenschaft wenden und mich ihrer erbarmen.

   

Commentarius

 

Jacob or Israel (the man)

  

Jacob is told twice that his name will now be Israel. The first time is when he wrestles with an angel on his journey to meet Esau, and the angel tells him that his name will be changed. After he is reconciled with Esau, they go their separate ways. Jacob moves to Shechem and then on to Bethel, where he builds an altar to the Lord. The Lord appears to him there, renews the covenant He first made with Abraham and again tells him that his name will be Israel (Genesis 35). The story goes on to tell of Benjamin's birth and Rachel's death in bearing him, and then of Jacob's return to Isaac and Isaac's death and burial. But at that point the main thread of the story leaves Israel and turns to Joseph, and Israel is hardly mentioned until after Joseph has risen to power in Egypt, has revealed himself to his brothers and tells them to bring all of their father's household down to Egypt. There, before Israel dies, he blesses Joseph's sons, plus all his own sons. After his death he is returned to the land of Canaan for burial in Abraham's tomb. In the story of Jacob and Esau, Jacob represents truth, and Esau good. Jacob's stay in Padan-Aram, and the wealth he acquired there, represent learning the truths of scripture, just as we learn when we read the Ten Commandments or the Sermon on the Mount. The change of name from Jacob to Israel represents the realization that what we learn should not simply be knowledge, but should be the rules of our life, to be followed by action. This action is the good that Esau has represented in the story up to that time, but after the reconciliation between Jacob and Esau, Jacob as Israel now represents the truth and the good, together. It is interesting that even after his name change Jacob is rarely called Israel. Sometimes he is called one and sometimes the other, and sometimes he is called both Jacob and Israel in the same verse (Genesis 46:2, 5, & 8 also Psalm 14:7). This is because Jacob represents the external person and Israel the internal person, and even after the internal person comes into being, we spend much of our lives living on the external level.

(Notae: Arcana Coelestia 4274, 4292, 4570, 5595, 6225, 6256, Genesis 2:5, 46:8)

from the Writings of Emanuel Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #4292

Studere hoc loco

  
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4292. In the internal historical sense 'he said, Your name will no longer be called Jacob, but Israel' means that they could not as [the descendants of] Jacob play the representative part, except by virtue of the new nature that was imparted to them. This becomes clear from the meaning of 'Jacob' in the Word as his descendants, dealt with above in 4281, and from the meaning of 'name' as the essential nature, dealt with immediately above in 4291. The new nature itself is meant by 'Israel' in the internal sense, for 'Israel' is the celestial-spiritual man and consequently the internal man, 4286. And since 'Israel' means the celestial-spiritual man, and so the internal man, 'Israel' also means the internal spiritual Church. For whether you use the expression spiritual man or spiritual Church, it amounts to the same thing because any spiritual person in particular is the Church, even as many are in general. If the individual person in particular were not the Church, no Church in general could exist. The expression Church is used in everyday language to describe a congregation in general; but each member of the congregation must be a Church if that greater Church is to exist. Every general whole incorporates parts that are like that whole.

[2] The implications of this particular matter - the inability of [the descendants on Jacob to play the representative part, except by virtue of the new nature imparted to them, meant by 'Israel' - are as follows: It was specifically Jacob's descendants who were to represent the Church but not specifically Isaac's since Isaac's descended not only through Jacob but also through Esau. Still less was it specifically Abraham's, for Abraham's descended not only through Jacob but also through Esau, and likewise through Ishmael, as well as through his sons by his second wife Keturah, who were Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, Shuah, and the sons of these, see Genesis 25:1-4. Now because Jacob's descendants insisted that they should be representative, as shown just above in 4290, they could not represent as Jacob, or as Isaac, or as Abraham. The reason why they could not do so as Jacob was that 'Jacob' represented the external aspect of the Church, but not the internal. And they could not do so as Isaac at the same time or as Abraham at the same time for the reason advanced immediately above.

[3] So that they could represent the Church therefore, a new name had inevitably to be given to Jacob, and through that name a new nature, which new nature was to be a sign of the internal spiritual man, or what amounts to the same, of the internal spiritual Church. That new nature is meant by 'Israel'. Every Church of the Lord is internal and external, as has been shown several times already, the internal Church being that which is represented, the external that which represents. The internal Church is also either spiritual or else celestial, the internal spiritual Church being represented by 'Israel', but the internal celestial Church at a later time by 'Judah'. Therefore a division also took place, and the Israelites became a kingdom on their own and the Jews another on their own. But these matters will in the Lord's Divine mercy be discussed later on. From this it is evident that 'Jacob', that is, Jacob's descendants, could not represent the Church as Jacob, for that would have been to represent solely the external aspect of the Church. They had to do so as Israel as well because 'Israel' is the internal aspect.

[4] It has been shown in various places already that it is the internal which is represented and the external which represents, as may also be seen in the human being. A person's speech represents his thought, and a person's action represents his will. Speech and action are the external aspects of the person, thought and will the internal. In addition the various looks seen on a person's face represent both, that is to say, both his thought and his will. It is well known to everyone that the looks on a person's face are representative, for the looks on the faces of people who are sincere enable their interior states to be seen. In short, every part of the body represents some facet of a person's inclination (animus) and mind (mens).

[5] It is similar with the external aspects of the Church, for these are like the body, while its internal aspects are like the soul. There were, for example, the altars and the sacrifices on them, which, as is well known, were external things. There was likewise the bread of the presence, also the lampstand with its lamps, as well as the fire that was kept burning all the time. Anyone can recognize that these external things represented internal ones, as likewise did everything else of a ritual nature. The fact that these external things could not represent anything external, only what was internal, becomes clear from the considerations introduced already. So 'Jacob' could not represent as Jacob, because 'Jacob' means the external aspect of the Church, but he could do so as Israel because 'Israel' means its internal aspect. This is what is meant by a new nature being imparted to enable the descendants of Jacob to play the representative part.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.