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Éxodo 16

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1 Y PARTIENDO de Elim toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel, vino al desierto de Sin, que está entre Elim y Sinaí, á los quince días del segundo mes después que salieron de la tierra de Egipto.

2 Y toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel murmuró contra Moisés y Aarón en el desierto;

3 Y decíanles los hijos de Israel: Ojalá hubiéramos muerto por mano de Jehová en la tierra de Egipto, cuando nos sentábamos á las ollas de las carnes, cuando comíamos pan en hartura; pues nos habéis sacado á este desierto, para matar de hambre á toda esta m

4 Y Jehová dijo á Moisés: He aquí yo os haré llover pan del cielo; y el pueblo saldrá, y cogerá para cada un día, para que yo le pruebe si anda en mi ley, ó no.

5 Mas al sexto día aparejarán lo que han de encerrar, que será el doble de lo que solían coger cada día.

6 Entonces dijo Moisés y Aarón á todos los hijos de Israel: A la tarde sabréis que Jehová os ha sacado de la tierra de Egipto:

7 Y á la mañana veréis la gloria de Jehová; porque él ha oído vuestras murmuraciones contra Jehová; que nosotros, ¿qué somos, para que vosotros murmuréis contra nosotros?

8 Y dijo Moisés: Jehová os dará á la tarde carne para comer, y á la mañana pan en hartura; por cuanto Jehová ha oído vuestras murmuraciones con que habéis murmurado contra él: que nosotros, ¿qué somos? vuestras murmuraciones no son contra nosotros, sino con

9 Y dijo Moisés á Aarón: Di á toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel: Acercaos á la presencia de Jehová; que él ha oído vuestras murmuraciones.

10 Y hablando Aarón á toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel, miraron hacia el desierto, y he aquí la gloria de Jehová, que apareció en la nube.

11 Y Jehová habló á Moisés, diciendo:

12 Yo he oído las murmuraciones de los hijos de Israel; háblales, diciendo: Entre las dos tardes comeréis carne, y por la mañana os hartaréis de pan, y sabréis que yo soy Jehová vuestro Dios.

13 Y venida la tarde subieron codornices que cubrieron el real; y á la mañana descendió rocío en derredor del real.

14 Y como el rocío cesó de descender, he aquí sobre la haz del desierto una cosa menuda, redonda, menuda como una helada sobre la tierra.

15 Y viéndolo los hijos de Israel, se dijeron unos á otros: ¿Qué es esto? porque no sabían qué era. Entonces Moisés les dijo: Es el pan que Jehová os da para comer.

16 Esto es lo que Jehová ha mandado: Cogereis de él cada uno según pudiere comer; un gomer por cabeza, conforme al número de vuestras personas, tomaréis cada uno para los que están en su tienda.

17 Y los hijos de Israel lo hicieron así: y recogieron unos más, otros menos:

18 Y medíanlo por gomer, y no sobraba al que había recogido mucho, ni faltaba al que había recogido poco: cada uno recogió conforme á lo que había de comer.

19 Y díjoles Moisés: Ninguno deje nada de ello para mañana.

20 Mas ellos no obedecieron á Moisés, sino que algunos dejaron de ello para otro día, y crió gusanos, y pudrióse; y enojóse contra ellos Moisés.

21 Y recogíanlo cada mañana, cada uno según lo que había de comer: y luego que el sol calentaba, derretíase.

22 En el sexto día recogieron doblada comida, dos gomeres para cada uno: y todos los príncipes de la congregación vinieron á Moisés, y se lo hicieron saber.

23 Y él les dijo: Esto es lo que ha dicho Jehová: Mañana es el santo sábado, el reposo de Jehová: lo que hubiereis de cocer, cocedlo hoy, y lo que hubiereis de cocinar, cocinadlo; y todo lo que os sobrare, guardadlo para Mañana.

24 Y ellos lo guardaron hasta la mañana, según que Moisés había mandado, y no se pudrió, ni hubo en él gusano.

25 Y dijo Moisés: Comedlo hoy, porque hoy es sábado de Jehová: hoy no hallaréis en el campo.

26 En los seis días lo recogeréis; mas el séptimo día es sábado, en el cual no se hallará.

27 Y aconteció que algunos del pueblo salieron en el séptimo día á recoger, y no hallaron.

28 Y Jehová dijo á Moisés: ¿Hasta cuándo no querréis guardar mis mandamientos y mis leyes?

29 Mirad que Jehová os dió el sábado, y por eso os da en el sexto día pan para dos días. Estése, pues, cada uno en su estancia, y nadie salga de su lugar en el séptimo día.

30 Así el pueblo reposó el séptimo día.

31 Y la casa de Israel lo llamó Maná; y era como simiente de culantro, blanco, y su sabor como de hojuelas con miel.

32 Y dijo Moisés: Esto es lo que Jehová ha mandado: Henchirás un gomer de él para que se guarde para vuestros descendientes, á fin de que vean el pan que yo os dí á comer en el desierto, cuando yo os saqué de la tierra de Egipto.

33 Y dijo Moisés á Aarón: Toma un vaso y pon en él un gomer lleno de maná, y ponlo delante de Jehová, para que sea guardado para vuestros descendientes.

34 Y Aarón lo puso delante del Testimonio para guardarlo, como Jehová lo mandó á Moisés.

35 Así comieron los hijos de Israel maná cuarenta años, hasta que entraron en la tierra habitada: maná comieron hasta que llegaron al término de la tierra de Canaán.

36 Y un gomer es la décima parte del epha.

   

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Arcana Coelestia #8241

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8241.

In Jehovah, and in His servant Moses. That this signifies the Lord as to the Divine good, and as to the Divine truth proceeding from Him and ministering, is evident from the fact that by “Jehovah” in the Word is meant the Lord (see n. 1343, 1736, 2921, 3023, 3035, 5663, 6281, 6303, 6945, 6956); and indeed the Lord as to the Divine good (see n. 2586, 2769, 2807, 2822, 4402, 6905); from the representation of Moses, as being the Divine truth proceeding from Him (see n. 6752, 7010, 7014, 7089, 7382). It is said “the Lord as to the Divine good and as to the Divine truth,” because Divine good is in the Lord, and Divine truth is from the Lord; Divine good is to Divine truth as the fire of the sun is to the light from it; the light not being in the sun, but from the sun. And from the signification of “servant,” as being one who ministers. That he is called a “servant” who is of service, thus who ministers, see n. 7143; and that on this account the Lord as to the Divine Human, when He was in the world, is called in the Word a “servant,” n. 3441; for He then ministered, as He Himself also says: “Whosoever would become great among you must be your minister; and whosoever would be first must be your servant; even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister” (Matthew 20:26-28; Mark 10:43-45).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #1343

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1343. That “Eber” was a nation called, from Eber as its father, the Hebrew nation, and that thereby is signified the worship in general of the Second Ancient Church, is evident from those historical parts of the Word wherein it is spoken of. From that nation, because the new worship commenced there, all were called Hebrews who had a similar worship. Their worship was of the kind that was afterwards restored among the descendants of Jacob; and its chief characteristic consisted in their calling their God “Jehovah,” and in their having sacrifices. The Most Ancient Church with unanimity acknowledged the Lord, and called Him Jehovah, as is evident from the first chapters of Genesis, and elsewhere in the Word. The Ancient Church, that is, the church after the flood, also acknowledged the Lord, and called Him Jehovah, especially those who had internal worship, and were called “sons of Shem.” The others, who were in external worship, also acknowledged Jehovah, and worshiped Him. But when internal worship became external, and still more when it became idolatrous, and when each nation began to have its own god whom it worshiped, the Hebrew nation retained the name Jehovah, and called their God Jehovah; and hereby were distinguished from the other nations.

[2] Together with their external worship, the descendants of Jacob in Egypt lost this also-that they called their God Jehovah; nay, Moses himself did so; and therefore they were instructed first of all that Jehovah was the God of the Hebrews, and the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob; as may be seen from these words in Moses:

Jehovah said unto Moses, Thou shalt come in, thou and the elders of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, Jehovah the God of the Hebrews hath met with us; and now let us go, we pray thee, a three days’ journey into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to Jehovah our God (Exodus 3:18). Again:

Pharaoh said, Who is Jehovah, that I should hearken unto His voice to let Israel go? I know not Jehovah, and moreover I will not let Israel go. And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us; let us go, we pray thee, a three days’ journey into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to Jehovah our God (Exodus 5:2-3).

[3] That together with the worship the descendants of Jacob in Egypt lost also the name of Jehovah, may be seen from these words in Moses:

Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the sons of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you, and they shall say to me, What is His name? what shall I say unto them? And God said unto Moses, I AM WHO I AM. And He said, Thus shalt thou say unto the sons of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the sons of Israel, Jehovah the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you; this is My name to eternity (Exodus 3:13-15).

[4] From these words it is evident that even Moses did not know Jehovah; and that they were distinguished from others by the name of Jehovah the God of the Hebrews. Hence in other places also Jehovah is called the God of the Hebrews:

Thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Jehovah the God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee (Exodus 7:16).

Go in unto Pharaoh, and tell him, Thus saith Jehovah the God of the Hebrews (Exodus 9:1, 13).

And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith Jehovah the God of the Hebrews (Exodus 10:3).

And in Jonah:

I am a Hebrew; and I fear Jehovah the God of the heavens (Jonah 1:9).

And also in Samuel:

The Philistines heard the voice of the shouting, and said, What meaneth the voice of this great shouting in the camp of the Hebrews? And they knew that the ark of Jehovah was come into the camp. And the Philistines said, Woe unto us! Who shall deliver us out of the hand of these august gods? These are the gods that smote the Egyptians with all manner of plagues in the wilderness. Be like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews (1 Samuel 4:6, 8-9).

Here also it is evident that the nations were distinguished by the gods on whose name they called, and the Hebrew nation by Jehovah.

[5] That the second essential of the worship of the Hebrew nation consisted in sacrifices, is also evident from passages cited above (Exodus 3:18; 5:2-3); as well as from the fact that the Egyptians abominated the Hebrew nation on account of this worship, as is evident from these words in Moses:

Moses said, It is not right so to do, for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to Jehovah our God; lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us? (Exodus 8:26).

For this reason the Egyptians so abominated the Hebrew nation that they would not eat bread with them (Genesis 43:32). It is also evident from all this that the posterity of Jacob was not the only Hebrew nation, but all who had such worship; and therefore in Joseph’s time the land of Canaan was called the land of the Hebrews:

Joseph said, I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews (Genesis 40:15).

[6] That there were sacrifices among the idolaters in the land of Canaan, may be seen from many passages, for they sacrificed to their gods-to the Baals and others; and moreover Balaam, who was from Syria where Eber dwelt and whence the Hebrew nation came, not only offered sacrifices before the descendants of Jacob came into the land of Canaan, but also called Jehovah his God. That Balaam was from Syria, whence came the Hebrew nation, see Numbers 23:7; that he offered sacrifices, Numbers 22:39-40; 23:1-3, 14, 29; that he called Jehovah his God, Numbers 22:18, and throughout the chapter. What is said of Noah (Genesis 8:20), that he offered burnt-offerings to Jehovah, is not true history, but is history so made up, because by burnt-offerings there is signified the holy of worship, as may there be seen. From all this it is now evident what is signified by “Ber,” or by the Hebrew nation.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.